scholarly journals Radiological hazard assessments of radionuclides in building materials, soils and sands from the Gaza Strip and the north of Sinai Peninsula

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona M. Abd Elkader ◽  
Taeko Shinonaga ◽  
Mohamed M. Sherif
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Radiological Hazard ◽  
Sinai Peninsula ◽  
Anthropogenic Radionuclides ◽  
The North ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
The Gaza Strip

AbstractRadiological hazards to the residents of the Gaza Strip, Palestine and the north of the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, were determined using the naturally occurring radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th and 40K) in 69 samples of building materials (demolition debris, plasters, concretes, from recycling plants and raw cements from suppliers), soils and sands collected in the field. The radiological hazard indices and dose rates calculated with the activity concentrations of radionuclides in those materials determined by gamma-ray spectrometry indicate that the values are all within the global limits recommended by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation 2000 and European Commission 1999. The results of Spearman's correlation and hierarchical cluster analysis for 210Pb in the building materials, soils and sands suggest that the samples include 210Pb from the atmospheric fallout. The medium correlation between 232Th and 40K in demolition debris implies that their activity concentrations are characteristic of the building materials and constituents of the demolition debris. Non-natural ratio of 238U/235U was found in the soil and sand samples collected in the Gaza Strip. Furthermore, 137Cs and 241Am were detected in some soil, sand and demolition debris samples analyzed in this study. The origins of those anthropogenic radionuclides were considered.

scholarly journals Natural radiation exposure and radon exhalation rate of building materials used in Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Seref Turhan ◽  
Alper Temirci ◽  
Asli Kurnaz ◽  
Aydan Altikulac ◽  
Elif Goren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Germanium Detector ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Radon Exhalation ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Radioactivity Levels

Measuring the natural radioactivity levels and radon exhalation rates (surface and mass) in building materials is essential to evaluate the extent of radiation exposure (external and internal) for residents in dwellings. Gamma-ray spectrometry with a high purity germanium detector was used to measure the activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in some building materials used in Turkey. Moreover, an active radon gas analyser with an accumulation container was used to measure their radon surface and mass exhalation rates. Results showed that the activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K varied from 5.2 ? 0.6 (satin plaster) to 187.0 ? 2.4 (granite) Bqkg-1, 2.6 ? 0.8 (gypsum) to 172.2 ? 7.6 (granite) Bqkg-1 and 12.3 ? ? 17.0 (sand) to 1958.0 ? 83.4 (brick) Bqkg-1, respectively. Radon surface and mass exhalation rates varied from 2.9 (marble) to 2734.6 mBqm-2h-1(granite) and 0.033 (marble) to 53.866 mBqkg-1h-1 (granite), respectively. The activity concentration index, indoor absorbed gamma dose rate and corresponding annual effective dose were estimated and compared with the recommended limit values. The results indicated that the building materials sampled presented no significant radiological risk.

scholarly journals Natural radioactivity of rocks from the historic Jeroným Mine in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Malczewski ◽  
Maria Dziurowicz ◽  
Zdenek Kalab ◽  
Marketa Rösnerová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Activity Concentrations

AbstractThis study reports the natural radioactivity of characteristic rocks found in the historic Jeroným Mine of the Czech Republic as measured under the laboratory conditions. The rocks analyzed included granites and schists weathered to varying degrees and collected from different levels of the underground workings of the Jeroným Mine. The mine itself has been subject to metal extraction (mainly tin and tungsten) since the sixteenth century and has recently been developed as a cultural and scientific attraction open to the public. Activity concentrations of 40K, 232Th and 238U were measured from nine rock samples using gamma-ray spectrometry. The activity concentrations of 40K varied from 595 Bq kg−1 to 1244 Bq kg−1, while 232Th varied from 25 Bq kg−1 to 55 Bq kg−1. The activities associated with 238U ranged from 46 Bq kg−1 to 386 Bq kg−1. The measured activities were used to estimate two radiation hazard indices typically applied to building materials, the activity concentration index I and the external hazard index Hex. Mean respective values of 1.02 and 0.77 for I and Hex indicate that the rocks found in the Jeroným Mine meet radiological safety standards for building materials and do not pose a risk to potential tourists and staff.

Natural Radioactivity of Rocks from the Historic Jeroným Mine in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Malczewski ◽  
Maria Dziurowicz ◽  
Zdenek Kalab ◽  
Marketa Rosnerova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Activity Concentrations

Abstract This study reports the natural radioactivity of characteristic rocks found in the historic Jeroným Mine of the Czech Republic as measured under the laboratory conditions. The rocks analyzed included granites and schists weathered to varying degrees and collected from different levels of the underground workings of the Jeroným Mine. The mine itself has been subject to metal extraction (mainly tin and tungsten) since the 16th century and has recently been developed as a cultural and scientific attraction open to the public. Activity concentrations of 40K, 232Th and 238U were measured from nine rock samples using gamma-ray spectrometry. The activity concentrations of 40K varied from 595 Bq kg− 1 to 1244 Bq kg− 1, while 232Th varied from 25 Bq kg− 1 to 55 Bq kg− 1. The activities associated with 238U ranged from 46 Bq kg− 1 to 386 Bq kg− 1. The measured activities were used to estimate two radiation hazard indices typically applied to building materials, the activity concentration index I and the external hazard index Hex. Mean respective values of 1.02 and 0.77 for I and Hex indicate that the rocks found in the Jeroným Mine meet radiological safety standards for building materials and do not pose a risk to potential tourists and staff.

scholarly journals Inter-comparison exercise utilizing x- and γ-ray spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Filothei K. Pappa ◽  
Christos Tsabaris ◽  
Dionisis Patiris ◽  
Georgios Eleftheriou ◽  
Effrossini G. Androulakaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Atomic Spectrometry ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Great Divergence ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Comparison Exercise ◽  
Good Agreement

Radionuclides are characterized by their nuclear and chemical behavior. Additionally, the geochemical characteristics of radionuclides result in their accumulation in the sediments via sorption processes. In this work the radionuclide activity concentrations obtained by gamma-ray spectrometry (HPGe detector) were converted to metal concentrations as described in [1]. The results were compared with the measured metal concentrations obtained by atomic spectrometry (X-ray fluorescence system-XRF). The samples originate from the coastal environment of two Greek areas, characterized by elevated values of natural radionuclides (e.g. 226Ra) and metals. The preliminary study revealed a good agreement among the concentrations of potassium calculated via activity concentrations of 40K and those of XRF measurement, while a great divergence was observed for the thorium case. These differences can be attributed to the low statistics, as well as to the calibration set-up of Th XRF measurement.

scholarly journals Natural radioactivity and radiological hazard of red-clay brick produced in Shangluo, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-353
Author(s):  
Sukai Zhuang ◽  
Xinwei Lu
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Radiological Hazard ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Red Clay Brick

The radiological hazard of building materials originating from clay, rock and other mineral wastes has attracted more attention because they contain natural radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K). The activity concentration of radionuclides in red-clay brick samples obtained from three different brickyards in Shangluo, China waHs measured. Various indexes, including radium equivalent activities, Raeq, external hazard index, Hex, internal hazard index, Hin, indoor air absorbed dose rate, D, and annual effective dose, AED, of the aforementioned radionuclides in the bricks were used to assess the radiation hazard for people. The average activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were respectively 34.5 ? 1.9, 62.5 ? 2.1, and 713.7 ? 19.8 Bqkg?1 for the studied red-clay bricks. The Raeq values of the red-clay brick samples varied from 167.0 to 184.7 Bqkg?1, which are lower than the limit of 370 Bqkg?1. Moreover, the activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in unfired brick, clay and coal were also determined and the results were compared with that in the red-clay brick samples. This study shows that the red-clay bricks produced in Shangluo, China can be used safely in construction industries.

A preliminary intercomparison of gamma-ray spectrometry on building materials

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Anagnostakis ◽  
C. Bolzan ◽  
P. De Felice ◽  
A. Fazio ◽  
G. Grisanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry

Radiometric analysis of some building materials using gamma-ray spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 324 (3) ◽  
pp. 1059-1067
Author(s):  
V. Thangam ◽  
A. Rajalakshmi ◽  
A. Chandrasekaran ◽  
B. Jananee
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Radiometric Analysis

ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS AND RADIOLOGICAL HAZARDS IN BUILDING MATERIALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 188 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-321
Author(s):  
Fei Tuo ◽  
Xuan Peng ◽  
Qiang Zhou ◽  
Jing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity ◽  
Radiological Hazards ◽  
Radium Equivalent ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Radioactivity Levels

Abstract Radioactivity of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were measured in a total of 92 samples, including eight commonly used types of building materials that were obtained from local manufacturers and suppliers in Beijing. Concentrations were determined using high-purity germanium gamma-ray spectrometry. The 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K activity concentrations in all samples varied from 10.1 to 661, 3.3 to 555 and 3.2 to 2945 Bq per kg with an average of 127.8, 114.8, and 701.5 Bq per kg, respectively. The potential radiological hazards were estimated by calculating the absorbed dose rate (D), radium equivalent activity (Raeq), external hazard (Hex), and internal hazard (Hin) indices. The investigated building materials were classified into different types according to the radioactivity levels. Results from this research will provide a reference for the acquisition, sales, and use of building materials. Attention should be paid to the use of coal cinder brick, ceramic, and granite in the construction of dwellings.

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