scholarly journals The scale and nature of Viking settlement in Ireland from Y-chromosome admixture analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1288-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian McEvoy ◽  
Claire Brady ◽  
Laoise T Moore ◽  
Daniel G Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Admixture Analysis

Genetic diversity and zebu genes introgression in cattle population along the coastal region of the Bight of Benin

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.D. Koudandé ◽  
G. Dossou-Gbété ◽  
F. Mujibi ◽  
H. Kibogo ◽  
D. Mburu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Chromosome Analysis ◽  
Genetic Introgression ◽  
Admixture Analysis ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
The Mean

SummaryGenetic diversity and Zebu genetic introgression have been assessed in five subpopulations of cattle along the coastal region of Togo, Benin and Nigeria using 15 autosomal and one Y- specific microsatellite markers. Mean observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranges from 0.55 to 0.61 and the mean number of alleles (MNA) from 5.47 to 6.47. Genetic differentiation indexes (Fst), were significant between the five subpopulations (P< 0.01). Some possible population diagnostic alleles are identified with allele 254 at locus ILSTS033 and allele 182 at locus ILSTS005 found only in the population from Togo with frequencies of 5.41% and 12.82% respectively. Allele 226 of locus ILSTS103 is fixed in the Togolese population (100%) and almost fixed (98.75%) in the Benin-Valley population. Y chromosome analysis reveals male Zebu introgression in all five populations with a frequency of indicine Y chromosome ranging from 37.5% in Benin-Valley and Benin Plateau East to 100% for Benin Plateau West. Admixture analysis using the programme STRUCTURE (k = 2) confirms phenotypic observations suggesting different level of taurine background and therefore Zebu introgression amongst the populations. Within populations, variations in levels of Zebu admixture between herds were also detected. Whereas the valley population from Benin shows low level of Zebu introgression, it is the population from Benin Plateau East which is the purest.

Sex determination and Y chromosome constitutive heterochromatin

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Abyt Ibraimov
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Secondary Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Biological Meaning ◽  
Heterochromatin Block ◽  
Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Efficient Elimination

In many animals, including us, the genetic sex is determined at fertilization by sex chromosomes. Seemingly, the sex determination (SD) in human and animals is determined by the amount of constitutive heterochromatin on Y chromosome via cell thermoregulation. It is assumed the medulla and cortex tissue cells in the undifferentiated embryonic gonads (UEG) differ in vulnerability to the increase of the intracellular temperature. If the amount of the Y chromosome constitutive heterochromatin is enough for efficient elimination of heat difference between the nucleus and cytoplasm in rapidly growing UEG cells the medulla tissue survives. Otherwise it doomed to degeneration and a cortex tissue will remain in the UEG. Regardless of whether our assumption is true or not, it remains an open question why on Y chromosome there is a large constitutive heterochromatin block? What is its biological meaning? Does it relate to sex determination, sex differentiation and development of secondary sexual characteristics? If so, what is its mechanism: chemical or physical? There is no scientifically sound answer to these questions.

Detection Y Chromosome Microdeletions Among Iraq Population in Infertile Patients with Azoospermia and Severe Oligospermia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samah A Hammood ◽  
Alaauldeen S M AL-Sallami ◽  
Saleh M Al-Khafaji
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Obstructive Azoospermia ◽  
Severe Oligozoospermia ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Y Chromosome Microdeletions ◽  
Detailed Evaluation ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Infertile Patients

Objective: To detection of microdeletions of Y chromosome and study the frequency of microdeletions in infertile men with non-obstructive azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia(Middle Euphrates center)in Iraq population. Material and methods: 153 males were included in the study, the casesweredivided into groups according to the infertility etiology and semen analysis according to Word health organization, the frequencies and the characteristicsof Y chromosome microdeletions were investigated in groups. Multiplex PCR was applied to detect the microdeletions. Results:Y chromosome microdeletion was detected in 42 (40.7%) of 153 cases ,Microdeletions in azoospermia showed more frequently detected 28 (52.8%), followed by severe oligospermia 14 (28 %),Microdeletions in the AZFc region were the most common 12 (22.64%), followed by AZFb 11(20.75%) and AZFa 5(9.43%) in azoospermia compared to severe oligospermisAZFc 6 (12%) AZFb 4 (8 %) and AZFa 4 (8%). Conclusion: Y chromosome microdeletions were detected quite frequently in certain infertility subgroups. Therefore, detailed evaluation of an infertile man by physical examination, semen analysis, hormonal evaluationsand when required, karyotype analysis may predict the patients for whom Y chromosome microdeletionanalysis is necessary and also prevent cost increases. Recommendation: This study emphasizes that analysis of microdeletions should be carried out for all patients with idiopathic azoospermia and severe oligospermia who are candidates for intracytoplasmic sperm injection

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