Genetic diversity and zebu genes introgression in cattle population along the coastal region of the Bight of Benin

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.D. Koudandé ◽  
G. Dossou-Gbété ◽  
F. Mujibi ◽  
H. Kibogo ◽  
D. Mburu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Chromosome Analysis ◽  
Genetic Introgression ◽  
Admixture Analysis ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
The Mean

SummaryGenetic diversity and Zebu genetic introgression have been assessed in five subpopulations of cattle along the coastal region of Togo, Benin and Nigeria using 15 autosomal and one Y- specific microsatellite markers. Mean observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranges from 0.55 to 0.61 and the mean number of alleles (MNA) from 5.47 to 6.47. Genetic differentiation indexes (Fst), were significant between the five subpopulations (P< 0.01). Some possible population diagnostic alleles are identified with allele 254 at locus ILSTS033 and allele 182 at locus ILSTS005 found only in the population from Togo with frequencies of 5.41% and 12.82% respectively. Allele 226 of locus ILSTS103 is fixed in the Togolese population (100%) and almost fixed (98.75%) in the Benin-Valley population. Y chromosome analysis reveals male Zebu introgression in all five populations with a frequency of indicine Y chromosome ranging from 37.5% in Benin-Valley and Benin Plateau East to 100% for Benin Plateau West. Admixture analysis using the programme STRUCTURE (k = 2) confirms phenotypic observations suggesting different level of taurine background and therefore Zebu introgression amongst the populations. Within populations, variations in levels of Zebu admixture between herds were also detected. Whereas the valley population from Benin shows low level of Zebu introgression, it is the population from Benin Plateau East which is the purest.

Development of microsatellite markers at the National Agrobiodiversity Center in Korea for the genetic assessment of underutilized crops

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. S125-S129
Author(s):  
Gi-An Lee ◽  
Sok-Young Lee ◽  
Ho-Sun Lee ◽  
Kyung-Ho Ma ◽  
Jae-Gyun Gwag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Underutilized Crops ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Allele Number ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Genetic Assessment

The RDA Genebank at the National Agrobiodiversity Center (NAAS, RDA, Republic of Korea) has conserved about 182,000 accessions in 1777 species and is working at preserving agricultural genetic resources for the conservation and sustainable utilization of genetic diversity. The detection of genetic variability in conserved resources is important for germplasm management, but the molecular evaluation tools providing genetic information are insufficient for underutilized crops, unlike those for major crops. In this regard, the Korean National Agrobiodiversity Center has been developing microsatellite markers for several underutilized crops. We designed 3640 primer pairs flanking simple sequence repeat (SSR) motifs for 6310 SSR clones in 21 crop species. Polymorphic loci were revealed in each species (7–36), and the mean ratio of polymorphic loci to all the loci tested was 12%. The average allele number was 5.1 (2.8–10.3) and the expected heterozygosity 0.51 (0.31–0.74). Some SSRs were transferable to closely related species, such as within the genera Fagopyrum and Allium. These SSR markers might be used for studying the genetic diversity of conserved underutilized crops.

scholarly journals Y chromosome genetic diversity and breed relationships in nativePolish cattle assessed by microsatellite markers

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 611-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata PRUSAK ◽  
Wioletta SAWICKA-ZUGAJ ◽  
Agnieszka KORWIN-KOSSAKOWSKA ◽  
Tomasz GRZYBOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Y Chromosome

scholarly journals Review: Genetic diversity studies using microsatellite markers and their contribution in supporting sustainable sheep breeding programs

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
OUMER SHERIFF ◽  
KEFYALEW ALEMAYEHU
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Sheep Breeding ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tree Building ◽  
Diversity Studies

Sheriff O, Alemayehu K. 2017. Review: Genetic diversity studies using microsatellite markers and their contribution in supporting sustainable sheep breeding programs. Asian J Agric 1: 46-51. Microsatellites have been widely accepted and employed as useful molecular markers for measuring genetic diversity and divergence within and among populations. The various parameters developed so far to measure genetic diversity within and among populations are observed and expected heterozygosities (Ho and He), the mean number of alleles per locus (MNA),polymorphic information content (PIC), genetic distance and phylogenetic or tree building approach.The objective of thisreview was therefore to quantifythe genetic diversity studies of domestic sheep populations using microsatellite markersand their contribution in supporting sustainable sheep breeding programs. From the review, it is possible to see that there was high within population genetic variations in all the studied sheep populations, poor level of population differentiations and high levels of inbreeding. On the other hand, low estimates of hetrozygosities and mean number of alleles and employing only few and weak markers were observed in some of the studies. The gaps observed in the previous genetic diversity studies of the sheep populations may demand further works to reveal more information on the population structures andto start appropriate and sustainable breeding programs.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in Brazilian tall coconut populations by microsatellite markers

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Elias Ribeiro ◽  
Luc Baudouin ◽  
Patricia Lebrun ◽  
Lázaro José Chaves ◽  
Claudio Brondani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Coconut Palm ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level ◽  
Brazilian Populations

The tall coconut palm was introduced in Brazil in 1553, originating from the island of Cape Verde. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of ten populations of Brazilian tall coconut by 13 microsatellite markers. Samples were collected from 195 individuals of 10 different populations. A total of 68 alleles were detected, with an average of 5.23 alleles per locus. The mean expected and observed heterozygosity value was 0.459 and 0.443, respectively. The number of alleles per population ranged from 36 to 48, with a mean of 40.9 alleles. We observed the formation of two groups, the first formed by the populations of Baía Formosa, Georgino Avelino and São José do Mipibu, and the second by the populations of Japoatã, Pacatuba and Praia do Forte. These results reveal a high level of genetic diversity in the Brazilian populations.

Significant genetic differentiation between Poland and Germany follows present-day political borders, as revealed by Y-chromosome analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 117 (5) ◽  
pp. 428-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Kayser ◽  
Oscar Lao ◽  
Katja Anslinger ◽  
Christa Augustin ◽  
Grazyna Bargel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Analysis ◽  
Significant Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Political Borders

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of Ukrainian local pig breeds based on microsatellite markers

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Kramarenko ◽  
S. I. Lugovoy ◽  
V. R. Kharzinova ◽  
V. Y. Lykhach ◽  
A. S. Kramarenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Pig Breeds ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Living Material ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Private Alleles

Preserving the current diversity of the living material on Earth is fundamental for the survival of future generations . A study was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity of Ukrainian local pig breeds. A total of 350 pigs representing five local pig breeds from Ukraine (Mirgorod – MIR, Poltava Meat – PM, Ukrainian Meat – UM, Ukrainian White Steppe – UWS and Ukrainian Spotted Steppe – USS) and one commercial breed (Duroc, DUR) were sampled. Twelve microsatellite loci (SW24, S0155, SW72, SW951, S0386, S0355, SW240, SW857, S0101, SW936, SW911 and S0228) were selected and belong to the list of microsatellite markers recommended by ISAG. The results indicate that there exists, in general, a high degree of genetic variability within the five Ukrainian local pig breeds. However, the genetic variability in the MIR and PM breeds was significantly lower (mean Na = 2.92–3.92; Ho = 0.382–0.411; FIS = 0.178–0.184) than in the other three Ukrainian local pig breeds – UM, UWS and USS (mean Na = 5.00–8.42; Ho = 0.549–0.668; FIS = 0.027–0.066). Thirty-four private alleles were identified among the six analyzed genetic groups which were distributed between 11 of the 12 loci. A high number of alleles typical for the breed (private alleles) was observed in Duroc pigs – 9 alleles did not occur in Ukrainian local pig breeds. The HWE test showed that all of the polymorphic loci deviated from HWE (P < 0.05) in at least one population. Loci S0355 (5), S0386 (4) and SW24 (4) presented a higher number of populations in imbalance. The mean FST showed that approximately 77.8% of the genetic variation was within-population and 12.2% was across the populations. The five Ukrainian local breeds were classified into two major groups, according to the phylogenetic tree, which was based on standard genetic distance. Overall, we found that 92.6% of the individual pigs were correctly assigned (324 out of 350) to the respective breed of origin, which is likely a consequence of the well-defined breed structure. Probabilities from the allocation test of individuals for the six pig genetic groups were estimated with Structure Harvester. In cluster 1 the highest grouping probabilities were found for the MIR (0.917) and PM (0.750) breeds. Local breeds UM (0.824) and USS (0.772) were grouped in cluster 2. Cluster 3 was related to the local pig breed USW (0.873). Cluster 4 presented high allocation probabilities for the commercial pig breed Duroc (0.924). The obtained results are important for the future conservation of Ukrainian local pig breeds.

Genetic differentiation in populations of the cestode Bothriocephalus acheilognathi (Cestoda, Pseudophyllidea) as revealed by eight microsatellite markers

Parasitology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Y. LUO ◽  
P. NIE ◽  
Y. A. ZHANG ◽  
W. J. YAO ◽  
G. T. WANG
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Random Mating ◽  
Genetic Structure Of Populations ◽  
Bothriocephalus Acheilognathi ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level ◽  
Cross Fertilization

The genetic structure of populations of the fish cestode, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi collected from Bailianhe Reservoir (BLH), Changshou (CSH) and Liangzi (LZH) Lakes was investigated by using 8 microsatellite loci. A total of 108 adult worms were genotyped at each of the 8 loci. For the 3 populations, the mean number of alleles per locus ranged from 2·38 to 5·5, and the mean expected heterozygosity ranged from 0·432 to 0·559. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) was from 0·384 to 0·492. The significant Fis values indicated non-random mating within LZH and BLH populations. On the other hand, when samples were further classified into subpopulations at the level of host fish species, no or little heterozygote deficiency was detected at most loci, showing that cross-fertilization, predominantly, but not exclusively, must have occurred within the subpopulations. Microsatellite markers also revealed an unexpected high level of genetic differentiation, as measured by Rst and Nm values or by δu2 genetic distance among subpopulations from different hosts. Factors influencing the population genetic structure and the parasite host specificity are discussed.

Microsatellite marker-based estimation of the genetic diversity of cattle in Chongqing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Ni ◽  
An Jiang ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Guangxin E ◽  
Yongfu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Microsatellite Marker ◽  
Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
The Future ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Coefficient Of Inbreeding

Cattle are the main source of meat in Chongqing. This study investigated the genetic diversity of cattle native to Chongqing and 4 introduced breeds. A total of 96 individuals from 5 breeds were genotyped using six microsatellite markers. Five markers were highly polymorphic within the breed populations, and one marker had moderate levels of polymorphism. Heterozygosity ranged from 0.5379±0.0434 in Simmental to 0.6667±0.0559 in Charolais. The heterozygosity deficit was significant in all populations analyzed compared with the expected level of heterozygosity. In addition, two microsatellite markers (TGLA53 and OarFCB20) deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium across populations (except in cattle native to Chongqing). The mean number of alleles ranged from 6.00±2.37 in Angus to 7.17±2.14 in Droughtmaster across six markers. The coefficient of inbreeding ranged from 0.0017 in Simmental and Droughtmaster to 0.0367 in Angus. Pairwise difference analyses revealed that Simmental and Droughtmaster were the most differentiated (FST= 0.06861) from each other, whereas cattle native to Chongqing and Charolais were the least differentiated (FST= 0.00557). In summary, this study showed that cattle native to Chongqing and 4 introduced breeds were genetically well protected in Chongqing, and information from this study would be helpful for guiding hybridization and genetic improvements in the future.

scholarly journals Y chromosome analysis of native Turkish cattle breeds by microsatellite markers

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 388-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf ÖZŞENSOY ◽  
Ercan KURAR ◽  
Zafer BULUT ◽  
Mehmet NİZAMLIOĞLU
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Analysis ◽  
Cattle Breeds

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Population Genetic Structure of Erythrophleum fordii Oliv., an Endangered Rosewood Species in South China

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Tan ◽  
Zhi-Gang Zhao ◽  
Jun-Jie Guo ◽  
Chun-Sheng Wang ◽  
Jie Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
South China ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Erythrophleum Fordii ◽  
Private Alleles

Erythrophleum fordii Oliv. is a valuable rosewood species indigenous to the tropical and warm sub-tropical zones of Vietnam, Laos, and South China. The natural forests have been heavily fragmented mostly due to over-exploitation and over-utilization, and alteration to croplands and fast-growing plantations. Therefore, it has been included in the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species as an endangered species. In the present study, genetic diversity and population genetic structure of 11 populations were estimated by SSR makers in South China. Five high polymorphic loci were studied with a total of 34 alleles, among which, seven were private alleles. The mean number of alleles per locus (A), the mean number of efficient alleles per locus (Ae), the observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity, and Shannon’s index (I) of the 11 populations were 3.40, 2.31, 0.52, 0.56, and 0.90, respectively. Correlation analysis between genetic parameters and geographical factors showed that He and I were in significant negative correlation with longitude, indicating that genetic diversity of E. fordii reduced gradually from West to East in south China. FIS of eight populations with above five samples was on average 0.01, most loci conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in these populations; their genetic differentiation coefficient (FST) was 0.18, indicating that genetic differentiation among populations was relatively low and there existed 18% genetic variation among populations. Gene flow (Nm) between these populations was 1.28. The Mantel test showed that genetic distance was not significantly correlated with geographical distance (p > 0.05). It was concluded that populations with high genetic diversity or private alleles, especially Longmen, Wuming and Pingxiang populations should be a priority for in situ conservations, meanwhile more populations and as many families as possible in each population should be collected for ex situ conservations of germplasm resources of this species in the future.

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