Effects of transition metal precursors (Co, Fe, Cu, Mn, or Ni) on pyrolyzed carbon supported metal-aminopyrine electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 6195-6206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Xu ◽  
Wenzhao Chen ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Taishan Zhu ◽  
Mingjie Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
The Past ◽  
Precious Metal Catalysts ◽  
Metal Precursors

In the past four decades, non-precious metal catalysts (NPMCs) have been extensively studied as low-cost catalyst alternatives to Pt for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells.

scholarly journals Development of Porous Pt Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 2398
Author(s):  
Marika Muto ◽  
Mayumi Nagayama ◽  
Kazunari Sasaki ◽  
Akari Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Porous Metal ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Catalyst Layers ◽  
Pt Electrocatalysts ◽  
Pt Black

Porous Pt electrocatalysts have been developed as an example of carbon-free porous metal catalysts in anticipation of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells and PEM water electrolyzers through the assembly of the metal precursor and surfactant. In this study, porous Pt was structurally evaluated and found to have a porous structure composed of connected Pt particles. The resulting specific electrochemical surface area (ECSA) of porous Pt was 12.4 m2 g−1, which was higher than that of commercially available Pt black. Accordingly, porous Pt showed higher oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity than Pt black. When the activity was compared to that of a common carbon-supported electrocatalyst, Pt/ketjen black (KB), porous Pt showed a comparable ORR current density (2.5 mA cm−2 at 0.9 V for Pt/KB and 2.1 mA cm−2 at 0.9 V for porous Pt), and OER current density (6.8 mA cm−2 at 1.8 V for Pt/KB and 7.0 mA cm−1 at 1.8 V), even though the ECSA of porous Pt was only one-sixth that of Pt/KB. Moreover, it exhibited a higher durability against 1.8 V. In addition, when catalyst layers were spray-printed on the Nafion® membrane, porous Pt displayed more uniform layers in comparison to Pt black, showing an advantage in its usage as a thin layer.

scholarly journals N-doped carbon nanomaterials are durable catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in acidic fuel cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. e1400129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianglan Shui ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Feng Du ◽  
Liming Dai
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Carbon Based

The availability of low-cost, efficient, and durable catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a prerequisite for commercialization of the fuel cell technology. Along with intensive research efforts of more than half a century in developing nonprecious metal catalysts (NPMCs) to replace the expensive and scarce platinum-based catalysts, a new class of carbon-based, low-cost, metal-free ORR catalysts was demonstrated to show superior ORR performance to commercial platinum catalysts, particularly in alkaline electrolytes. However, their large-scale practical application in more popular acidic polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells remained elusive because they are often found to be less effective in acidic electrolytes, and no attempt has been made for a single PEM cell test. We demonstrated that rationally designed, metal-free, nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes and their graphene composites exhibited significantly better long-term operational stabilities and comparable gravimetric power densities with respect to the best NPMC in acidic PEM cells. This work represents a major breakthrough in removing the bottlenecks to translate low-cost, metal-free, carbon-based ORR catalysts to commercial reality, and opens avenues for clean energy generation from affordable and durable fuel cells.

Oxygenophilic ionic liquids promote the oxygen reduction reaction in Pt-free carbon electrocatalysts

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mo Qiao ◽  
Cheng Tang ◽  
Liviu Cristian Tanase ◽  
Cristian Mihail Teodorescu ◽  
Chengmeng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Alkaline Fuel Cells ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane

We propose a novel idea to improve the surface properties of carbon-based Pt-free electrocatalysts in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) and Alkaline Fuel Cells (AFCs).

Theoretical insight into highly durable iron phthalocyanine derived non-precious catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (46) ◽  
pp. 19707-19716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Ho Seo ◽  
Drew Higgins ◽  
Gaopeng Jiang ◽  
Sung Mook Choi ◽  
Byungchan Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Iron Phthalocyanine ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Reactions ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Theoretical Insight ◽  
Insight Into

N4-chelate macrocycles comprise the foundation for non-precious metal oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst research, where the main electrochemical process occurs in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells.

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