scholarly journals Systematic evaluation of hydrophobic deep-melting eutectics as alternative solvents for the extraction of organic solutes from aqueous solution

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (28) ◽  
pp. 15798-15804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Kaul ◽  
Diab Qadah ◽  
Victoria Mandella ◽  
Mark L. Dietz
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Organic Solutes ◽  
Solute Partitioning ◽  
Alternative Solvents ◽  
Organic Solute

Organic solute partitioning between a hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent and water is directly related to the corresponding Pow values.

Studies on Water in Barnacle Muscle Fibres II. Role of ions and Organic Solutes in Swelling of Chemically-skinned Fibres

1981 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-63
Author(s):  
M. E. CLARK ◽  
J. A. M. HINKE ◽  
M. E. TODD
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Skinned Fibres ◽  
Organic Solutes ◽  
Net Charge ◽  
Trimethylamine Oxide ◽  
Organic Solute

Single muscle fibres from the giant barnacle, Balanus nubilis, were chemically skinned (2% Tween 20), then equilibrated for 40 h in salt solutions ranging in ionic strength from 0·025 to 0·6M at pH 7·0. The water content of the fibres and the net charge on the myofilaments increased with increasing salt concentration. Cation accumulation in the fibres was about equal to anion exclusion at all salt concentrations. When an organic solute (trimethylamine oxide, glycine, alanine, serine, proline, or glycerol) in the concentration range from 0·1 to 0·6 M was added to the salt solution, cation accumulation increased and water content decreased. Myofilament architecture was disrupted when the fibres were equilibrated in high salt (> 0·4 M) solutions and preserved when 0·5 M-triethylamine oxide was also added. The results are consistent with the view that organic solutes enhance the association between the fixed charge sites and their counterions. This hypothesis is examined quantitatively using the Oosawa relationship between the volume and the counterion association for cylindrical polyelectrolytes. The results illustrate that organic solutes can influence fibre volume in a way other than through osmo-regulation.

Acute regulation of the predominant organic solutes of the rabbit renal inner medulla

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (4) ◽  
pp. F676-F681 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Wolff ◽  
T. S. Stanton ◽  
S. L. James ◽  
R. S. Balaban
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Renal Medulla ◽  
Organic Solutes ◽  
Solute Content ◽  
Organic Solute ◽  
Renal Inner Medulla ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Acute Changes ◽  
Functioning Kidney

High concentrations of organic solutes are present in the medulla of the antidiuretic kidney. However, their role in and response to acute changes in the diuretic state are unknown. In this study the organic solute content of the renal medulla was determined from extracts with the use of high-performance liquid chromatography following the acute dilution of the medullary interstitium during various forms of diuresis. After acute infusion of saline and furosemide, inner medullary urea, sodium, inositol, sorbitol, and betaine decrease significantly with no change in glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC) content. After diuresis, inner medullary urea and sodium contents eventually returned to control levels, although inositol, sorbitol, and betaine contents still remained low. Addition of antidiuretic hormone to the saline/furosemide infusion gave similar results. In contrast, induction of diuresis from mannitol infusion caused an acute decrease in all 4 organic solutes, whereas glucose infusion caused an acute decrease in all organic solutes except sorbitol. These data demonstrate that a decrease in all four organic solutes can accompany medullary dilution. However, GPC and sorbitol do not decrease when diuresis is induced by furosemide or glucose, respectively. In addition, the recovery of these compounds in a normally functioning kidney after diuresis is much slower than the regeneration of the sodium chloride and urea gradients.

scholarly journals Utilization of bio-based glycolaldehyde aqueous solution in organic synthesis: application to the synthesis of 2,3-dihydrofurans

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2061-2069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Xu ◽  
Wenbo Huang ◽  
Rongxian Bai ◽  
Yves Queneau ◽  
François Jérôme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Building Block ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent

Bio-based glycolaldehyde aqueous solution was used as a C2 building block for the synthesis of a class of dihydrofuran derivatives with the aid of a deep eutectic solvent composed of FeCl3·6H2O and meglumine.

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