An efficient process for the Cu(0)-mediated synthesis and subsequent chain extension of poly(methyl acrylate) macroinitiator

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 2000-2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niloofar Shirali Zadeh ◽  
Morgan J. Cooze ◽  
Nathaniel R. Barr ◽  
Robin A. Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Methyl Acrylate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Chain Extension ◽  
Efficient Process

A process combining a continuous tubular and a semi-batch reactor is established as an efficient method for the synthesis of block copolymers.

scholarly journals A new approach to multiblock copolymers using atom transfer radical coupling

e-Polymers ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
René Nagelsdiek ◽  
Helmut Keul ◽  
Hartwig Höcker
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Coupling Efficiency ◽  
Chain Extension ◽  
Multiblock Copolymers ◽  
Atom Transfer ◽  
Radical Species ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Radical Coupling ◽  
Phenylene Oxide

AbstractAtom transfer radical coupling (ATRC) is a method for chain extension of styrene homopolymers prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). This concept is used to produce multiblock copolymers from block copolymers prepared via ATRP of styrene using various macroinitiators. ATRC comprises the reactivation of the dormant species at the chain ends. In the absence of monomer, the active radical species recombine to give chain extension (from polystyrene, PS) or multiblock copolymers (from block copolymers). The application of ATRC to PSblock- poly(bisphenol A carbonate)-block-PS (PS-b-PC-b-PS) was not successful because chain degradation of the PC block occurs. However, poly(phenylene oxide)-block-PS (PPO-b-PS) and PS-b-PPO-b-PS were successfully transformed into tri- and multiblock copolymers by ATRC, although the coupling efficiency is not as high as observed for PS oligomers under similar conditions.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE BLOCK COPOLYMERS OF POLY-STYRENE HAVING VINYL GROUPS WITH METHYL-ACRYLATE

1975 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 579-583
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro ISHIKAWA ◽  
Kunio KAGEYAMA ◽  
Fumito WATANABE ◽  
Tatsuro OUCHI ◽  
Minoru IMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Methyl Acrylate

scholarly journals Amphiphilic Block Copolymers with Vinyl Caprolactam as Kinetic Gas Hydrate Inhibitors

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Faraz Rajput ◽  
Milan Maric ◽  
Phillip Servio
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Chain Extension ◽  
Methane Formation ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Reversible Addition ◽  
Pure Methane ◽  
Raft Agent

Macrosurfactants consisting of water-soluble poly(vinylcaprolactam) (PVCap) or poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) segments with comparatively shorter hydrophobic poly(styrene) (PS) or poly(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorostyrene) (PPFS) segments were used as kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs). These were synthesized with 2-cyanopropan-2-yl N-methyl-N-(pyridin-4-yl)dithiocarbamate switchable reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agent at 60 °C or 90 °C for 1-P(S/PFS) or 1-PVCap, respectively, followed by chain extension at 90 °C or 70 °C with PVCap or PVP, respectively. The addition of PVCap to the pure methane-water system resulted in a 53% reduction of methane consumption (comparable to PVP with 51% inhibition) during the initial growth phase. A PS-PVCap block copolymer comprised of 10 mol% PS and 90 mol% PVCap improved inhibition to 56% compared to the pure methane-water system with no KHIs. Substituting PS with a more hydrophobic PPFS segment further improved inhibition to 73%. By increasing the ratio of the hydrophobic PS- to PVCap- groups in the polymer, an increase of its inhibition potential was measured. For PPFS-PVCap, an increase of PPFS ratio from 5% to 10% decreased the methane formation rate by 6%. However, PPFS-PVCap block copolymers with more than 20 mol% PPFS were unable to dissolve in water due to increase in hydrophobicity and the attendant low critical micelle concentration (CMC).

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