scholarly journals Water–rock interaction and the concentrations of major, trace, and rare earth elements in hydrocarbon-associated produced waters of the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carleton R. Bern ◽  
Justin E. Birdwell ◽  
Aaron M. Jubb
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Produced Waters ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

Comparisons of hydrocarbon-produced waters from multiple basins and experiments using multiple shales illustrate water–rock interaction influence on produced water chemistry.

scholarly journals The impact of vegetation on fractionation of rare earth elements (REE) during water–rock interaction

2006 ◽  
Vol 88 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 341-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Stille ◽  
M. Steinmann ◽  
M.-C. Pierret ◽  
F. Gauthier-Lafaye ◽  
D. Aubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

Securing new non-China rare earths will be challenging

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Rare Earths ◽  
The United States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
China Trade ◽  
The Us ◽  
Exchange Traded Fund ◽  
The Rare Earth

Significance The rare earth ores China imports from the United States will face a 25% rate, however, reducing the attractiveness of processing the material in China. The rare earth exchange-traded fund that US equity investors can buy has lost around 50% since January 2018 with the 1-billion-dollar rare earth elements market experiencing an uneventful 2018 after years of oversupply. Impacts If the renminbi continues strengthening to the dollar, Chinese exporters will ask for a higher dollar-denominated price for rare earths. Calls to nationalise the 75%-Chinese-owned Mountain Pass mine in California may intensify should the US-China trade negotiations fail. China will continue to consume 70% of its rare earths output, and its exports are likely to continue to avoid tariffs.

Actinide Solubility in Lanthanide Borosilicate Glass for Possible Immobilization and Disposition

1996 ◽  
Vol 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. F. Meaker ◽  
D. K. Peeler ◽  
J. C. Marra ◽  
J. M. Pareizs ◽  
W. G. Ramsey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Rare Earths ◽  
Borosilicate Glass ◽  
The United States ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Glass Forming

ABSTRACTImmobilization by vitrification is one potential disposition option for a portion of the United States’ excess plutonium inventory. Research has been performed to determine the glass forming region of a frit, plutonium and rare earth system. The frit contains mainly oxides of aluminum, silicon and boron; small amounts of ZrO2 and SrO are also included. The rare earth elements provide a flux to the glass during processing. The rare earths are also added as neutron absorbers (to prohibit criticality) in the final vitreous product.This report will show the compositional region, using Th as a Pu surrogate, that should be targeted in future studies for maximum Pu solubility in the lanthanide borosilicate glass system. Durability data and process variables will also be provided.

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