The activities of the citric acid-cycle enzymes in rat bone-marrow cells

The activities of the eight citric acid-cycle enzymes of rat bone-marrow cells were determined along with several other mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial enzymes. Four of the citric acid-cycle enzymes (aconitase, succinyl-CoA thiokinase, α-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase) have closely similar low activities; two [isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD) and citrate synthase] have intermediate activities; the remaining two (malate dehydrogenase and fumarase) have high activities. The other enzymes surveyed also exhibited a spread of three orders of magnitude, the mitochondrial enzymes showing no less variation than the others.

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Effects of Exercise, Training, and Diet on Muscle Citric Acid Cycle Enzyme Activity

Canadian Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1139/o73-105 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 51 (6) ◽

pp. 849-854 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

G. Lynis Dohm ◽

Richard L. Huston ◽

E. Wayne Askew ◽

H. Lee Fleshood

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Citric Acid Cycle ◽

Citrate Synthase ◽

Exhaustive Exercise ◽

High Fat ◽

Acid Cycle ◽

Cycle Enzyme ◽

High Fat Diets ◽

Citric Acid Cycle Enzymes ◽

Fat Diets

The effects of training, exhaustive exercise, and diet on the activity of skeletal muscle citric acid cycle enzymes were studied. Training increased the activities of all cycle enzymes. Exhaustion of trained rats resulted in lowered activities of NAD-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, and cytochrome oxidase but citrate synthase and malate dehydrogenase were unaffected. The enzyme activities in untrained muscle were not changed by exhaustive exercise. High carbohydrate and high fat diets did not alter citric acid cycle activities in trained rested or untrained rested rats and did not moderate or accentuate the effects of exhaustive exercise. The results indicate that muscle citric acid cycle activity is increased by training and decreased by exhaustion of trained animals.

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Citric acid cycle enzymes of the archaebacteria: citrate synthase and succinate thiokinase

FEBS Letters ◽

10.1016/0014-5793(85)80204-0 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 179 (1) ◽

pp. 120-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Michael J. Danson ◽

Susan C. Black ◽

David L. Woodland ◽

Pauline A. Wood

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Citric Acid Cycle ◽

Citrate Synthase ◽

Acid Cycle ◽

Citric Acid Cycle Enzymes

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Emodin and rhein in Cassia tora ameliorates activity of mitochondrial enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation in the retina of diabetic mice

Applied Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1186/s13765-021-00609-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Eun Ko ◽

Min Young Um ◽

Taewon Han ◽

Sooim Shin ◽

Moonsung Choi

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽

Mitochondrial Function ◽

Citric Acid Cycle ◽

Citrate Synthase ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Mitochondrial Enzymes ◽

Beta Oxidation ◽

Cassia Tora ◽

Acid Cycle

AbstractCassia tora is an annual herb, which has pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, hypolipidemic, and antidiabetic effects. Accordingly, its effect on diabetes has been well-studied. However, it is unclear whether it has an effect on mitochondrial dysfunction associated with diabetes. In this study, the effects of emodin and rhein in C. tora seed ethanolic extract (ER/CSEE) on retinal mitochondrial function were examined in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. HFD-fed mice exhibited decreased mitochondrial function followed by compensatory increase in the expression levels of mitochondrial enzymes. However, ER/CSEE treatment for 12 weeks ameliorated the activity of retinal mitochondrial complexes and reduced the expression level of enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, except that of complex II and citrate synthase in citric acid cycle. This suggests that repairing capacity of enzymes in electron transport chain and citric acid cycle of mitochondria are different in response to the metabolic state. Therefore, it concluded that emodin and rhein play a pharmacological role in fat metabolism by influencing activities of enzymes in citric acid cycle linked with beta-oxidation in retina.

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Effects of berberine on differentiation and bone resorption of osteoclasts derived from rat bone marrow cells

Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine ◽

10.3736/jcim20090408 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 342-348 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

P Wei

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Bone Resorption ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Rat Bone ◽

Marrow Cells

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Glucosamine Protects Rat Bone Marrow Cells Against Cisplatin-induced Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520619666190704164126 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (14) ◽

pp. 1695-1702 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohsen Cheki ◽

Salman Jafari ◽

Masoud Najafi ◽

Aziz Mahmoudzadeh

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Micronucleus Assay ◽

Ros Generation ◽

Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽

Hematological Analysis ◽

Antagonistic Potential ◽

Harmful Effects ◽

Rat Bone ◽

Marrow Cells

Background and Objective: Glucosamine is a widely prescribed dietary supplement used in the treatment of osteoarthritis. In the present study, the chemoprotectant ability of glucosamine was evaluated against cisplatin-induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in rat bone marrow cells. Methods: Glucosamine was orally administrated to rats at doses of 75 and 150 mg/kg body weight for seven consecutive days. On the seventh day, the rats were treated with a single injection of cisplatin (5 mg/kg, i.p.) at 1h after the last oral administration. The cisplatin antagonistic potential of glucosamine was assessed by micronucleus assay, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) level analysis, hematological analysis, and flow cytometry. Results: Glucosamine administration to cisplatin-treated rats significantly decreased the frequencies of Micronucleated Polychromatic Erythrocytes (MnPCEs) and Micronucleated Normchromatic Erythrocytes (MnNCEs), and also increased PCE/(PCE+NCE) ratio in bone marrow cells. Furthermore, treatment of rats with glucosamine before cisplatin significantly inhibited apoptosis, necrosis and ROS generation in bone marrow cells, and also increased red blood cells count in peripheral blood. Conclusion: This study shows glucosamine to be a new effective chemoprotector against cisplatin-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in rat bone marrow cells. The results of this study may be helpful in reducing the harmful effects of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in the future.

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