Autonomic mechanisms underlying intraocular pressure changes during insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in normal human subjects: effects of pharmacological blockade

1991 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Hepburn ◽  
B. M. Fisher ◽  
I. Thomson ◽  
T. Barrie ◽  
B. M. Frier
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Similar Magnitude ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Cholinergic Blockade ◽  
Autonomic Reaction ◽  
Applanation Tonometer ◽  
Pharmacological Blockade ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
Control Study

1. A fall in intraocular pressure is induced by acute hypoglycaemia in humans. The role of the autonomic nervous system in mediating this response was investigated in 24 normal volunteers in whom hypoglycaemia was induced with intravenous soluble insulin, under four experimental conditions: (1) control (n = 6), (2) nonselective α-adrenoceptor blockade (phentolamine) (n = 6), (3) non-selective β-adrenoceptor blockade (propranolol) (n = 6) and (4) cholinergic blockade (atropine) (n = 6). Intraocular pressure was measured by using an applanation tonometer. In 12 subjects intraocular pressure was measured during each type of pharmacological blockade of similar duration without induction of hypoglycaemia, to assess the effects of individual antagonists. 2. In the control study intraocular pressure fell during hypoglycaemia from 15 ± 1.0 to 10 ± 1.3 mmHg (P <0.01) 10 min after the autonomic reaction. β-Adrenoceptor blockade caused a reduction in intraocular pressure from 15 ± 1.1 to 9 ± 1.0 mmHg (P <0.001) before the administration of insulin, and when hypoglycaemia was induced intraocular pressure decreased further to 7 ± 1.0 mmHg (P <0.05, compared with immediately before insulin). A decrease in intraocular pressure of similar magnitude was observed with propranolol alone (16 ± 1.0 to 10 ± 1.0 mmHg, P <0.05). 3. Cholinergic blockade had no immediate effect on intraocular pressure, and the reduction in intraocular pressure during hypoglycaemia was of similar magnitude to that observed during the control study. α-Adrenoceptor blockade did not affect basal intraocular pressure, but the small reduction induced by hypoglycaemia (from 14 ± 1.4 to 12 ± 1.1 mmHg; P = not significant) was less than the decrement observed in the control experiment. The administration of atropine or phentolamine in the absence of hypoglycaemia had no significant effect on intraocular pressure. 4. In humans the reduction of intraocular pressure induced by acute hypoglycaemia appears to be mediated principally via an α-adrenoceptor-mediated mechanism.

Intraocular pressure changes following 20G pars-plana vitrectomy

2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 744-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Framme ◽  
Susanne Klotz ◽  
Ute E.K. Wolf-Schnurrbusch ◽  
Peter Wiedemann ◽  
Sebastian Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Pars Plana Vitrectomy ◽  
Pars Plana ◽  
Pressure Changes

Agreement of Intraocular Pressure Measurement of Icare ic200 with Goldmann Applanation Tonometer in Adult Eyes with Normal Cornea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swathi Vallabh Badakere ◽  
Raghava Chary ◽  
Nikhil S. Choudhari ◽  
Harsha L. Rao ◽  
Chandrasekhar Garudadri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Goldmann Applanation Tonometer ◽  
Applanation Tonometer

Intraocular Pressure Changes in the Vitreon Study

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 721-726
Author(s):  
Cosar Batman ◽  
Osman Çekiç ◽  
Yüksel Totan ◽  
Özlem Aslan ◽  
Solmaz Özalp
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Pressure Changes

Long-term intraocular pressure changes after femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery in healthy eyes and glaucomatous eyes

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avni A. Shah ◽  
Jeanie Ling ◽  
Niraj R. Nathan ◽  
Ashton J. Kalhorn ◽  
Qingxia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
Healthy Eyes

Intraocular pressure changes in eyes with small incision lenticules and laserin situkeratomileusis

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo-Jen Wang ◽  
Wai W Wang ◽  
Che-Liang Tsai ◽  
I-Jong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Small Incision ◽  
Pressure Changes

Intraocular Pressure Changes during Muscular Hyperactivity after General Anesthesia

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 604-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Grover ◽  
R. P. Mahajan ◽  
S. L. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Pressure Changes

scholarly journals Intraocular Pressure Changes Following Different Keratoplasty Techniques and Association with Cornea Parameters and anterior Chamber Depth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülşah Gümüş ◽  
cigdem altan ◽  
yusuf yildirim ◽  
nilay kandemir besek ◽  
selim genç ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Lamellar Keratoplasty ◽  
Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty ◽  
Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pressure Changes

Abstract Purpose To evaluate early intraocular pressure (IOP) changes following different keratoplasty techniques and to investigate the relationship between corneal thickness (CT), keratometry values, anterior chamber depth (ACD) and IOP changes. Methods We included patients who underwent penetrating keratoplasty (PK), deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) and Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). ACD, CT, and keratometry measurements were repeated postoperatively at hour 24, week 1, and month 1. IOP measurements were repeated at postoperative hours 6 and 24, week 1, and month 1 by Tono-Pen XL. Results Twenty-two patients underwent PK, 12 patients underwent DALK, and 19 patients underwent DMEK. The difference between the IOP preoperatively and 6 hours postoperatively and between the IOP preoperatively and 24 hours postoperatively were statistically significant in the three types of surgery (p < 0.05 for each). The difference between preoperative and postoperative week 1 IOP was statistically significant only in the PK group (p = 0.023). When the IOP was compared between the three types of surgeries, the IOP at postoperative week 1 in the PK group was significantly higher than the DALK and DMEK groups (p = 0.021). There was no correlation between ACD, corneal thickness, K values, and IOP in any group. Conclusion IOP may increase in all types of keratoplasty during the first hours after surgery, but PK has a risk of high IOP longer in the early postoperative period. PK patients should be followed more carefully during postoperative week 1 to check for an increase in IOP.

scholarly journals Effects of corn silk aqueous extract on intraocular pressure of ocular hypertensive human subjects

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.O. George ◽  
F.K. Idu ◽  
L.F.O. Obika
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
Peak Effect ◽  
Corn Silk ◽  
Dose Dependent

Stigma/style of Zea mays L (Corn silk) has been documented to have hypotensive effect on blood pressure and to relieve oedema. However we are not aware of any literature on its hypotensive effect on intraocular pressure (IOP) of humans or animals. We studied the effects of water only, masked doses of corn silk aqueous extract (60 mg/kg, 130 mg/kg, 192.5 mg/kg and 260 mg/kg body weight) on the IOP and blood pressure (BP) of twenty normotensives and twenty ocular hypertensive subjects. Also we compared the effects of the varied doses of corn silk aqueous extract (CSAE) with masked doses (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg body weight) of acetazolamide on IOP of ocular hypertensive subjects only. The results showed that the last three doses of CSAE lowered IOP and BP significantly (p<0.001) within eight hours of administration. The peak effect on IOP was observed after four hours while the peak effect on BP was observed after three hours of administration in the normotensives and ocular hypertensive subjects likewise the hypotensive effect was dose-dependent. The results also showed that 130 mg/kg body weight of CSAE produced the same hypotensive effect on IOP of ocular hypertensive subjects as 5 mg/kg body weight of acetazolamide. Therefore CSAE may have some IOP lowering effects that require further investigation in the management of ocular hypertension. (S Afr Optom 2013 72(3) 133-143)

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