Narrative Discourse in Young Children With Histories of Early Corrective Heart Surgery

Narrative attainment was assessed in a group of 76 four-year-old children at risk for brain injury because of histories of early corrective heart surgery. Elicited personal experience narratives were coded for narrative components, evaluative devices, and information adequacy and were contrasted with narratives produced by a comparison group of typically developing 4-year-olds. The production of autonomous narrative discourse was identified as an area of special vulnerability for children with this medical history. Despite considerable heterogeneity in narrative performance, children with early corrective heart surgery produced fewer narrative components than typically developing children. Results suggest that the elaboration of events and contextual information, the expression of subjective evaluation and causality, and clarity and explicitness of information reporting may constitute special challenges for this population of children. Implications of these findings for clinical assessment and possible risks for socioemotional relationships and academic achievement are discussed.

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A Comparison of Experiential Grammar in Narrative Discourse Between Typically Developing Children and Children with Autism

MANUSYA ◽

10.1163/26659077-01701001 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 1-21

Author(s):

Jeamjai Jeeraumporn ◽

Pattama Patpong

Keyword(s):

Children With Autism ◽

Narrative Discourse ◽

Lower Percentage ◽

Typically Developing ◽

Typically Developing Children ◽

Serial Verb Constructions ◽

Experiential Mode ◽

Nominal Groups ◽

Serial Verb ◽

Verbal Processes

The objective of this study was to compare experiential grammar in the narrative discourse of thirty typically developing Thai children and thirty Thai children with autism in elementary grades 1 to 3. Data was compiled by asking subjects to tell a narrative discourse from a wordless storybook "A Boy, a Dog, and a Frog” (Mayer 1967). Data was analyzed based on the Systemic Functional Linguistics approach and focused on experiential mode of meaning concerned with the system of Transitivity. The results revealed that children with autism used fewer clause complexes and clause simplexes than typically developing children. For the system of Transitivity, it was found that children with autism used less modified nominal groups as the Participant especially in grade 2 and 3 and they used a smaller number and less variety of process types; used a lower percentage of mental, behavioral and verbal processes; and used a lower percentage of serial verb constructions. Children with autism, especially those in grades 2 and 3, used a smaller variety of circumstance types; and used a lower percentage of clauses with complex circumstances.

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A Female Shankaracharya?

Religion and Gender ◽

10.1163/18785417-00901002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 27-49

Author(s):

Antoinette E. DeNapoli

Keyword(s):

Gender Equality ◽

Personal Experience ◽

Religious Leader ◽

Power Elite ◽

Religious Leadership ◽

Personal Experience Narratives ◽

The Power Elite ◽

Narrative Performance ◽

Male Authority ◽

Shed Light

Abstract This article examines the practices through which a female religious leader (guru) in India by the name of Trikal Bhavanta Saraswati (in shorthand, “Mataji”) constructs women’s alternative authority in a high powered lineage of male Hindu gurus called Shankaracharyas. Mataji’s appropriation of the Shankaracharya leadership demonstrates an Indic example of “dharmic feminism,” by virtue of which she advocates the female as normative and, through that radical notion, advances a dharmic platform for gender equality in institutions in which women rarely figure among the power elite. Through narrative performance, Mataji reshapes the boundaries of religious leadership to affirm new possibilities for female authority in a lineage that has denied women’s agency. Exploring her personal experience narratives and the themes they illuminate can shed light on why her leadership intervenes in an orthodox lineage of male authority to exercise alternative authority and exact transformation of contemporary Hinduism.

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Just pretend: Participation in symbolic talk by children with histories of early corrective heart surgery

Applied Psycholinguistics ◽

10.1017/s0142716400003027 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 321-340 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

REBECCA OVADIA ◽

LOWRY HEMPHILL ◽

KENDRA WINNER ◽

DAVID BELLINGER

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Heart Surgery ◽

Pretend Play ◽

Typically Developing ◽

Typically Developing Children ◽

Child Play ◽

Basic Language ◽

Language Measures ◽

Parent Child

Children with histories of early corrective heart surgery (ECHS) are at risk for language, cognitive, and motor delays. This study examined parent–child play in 30 4-year-old children with ECHS and 30 typically developing children. Children were compared on basic language measures and on proportions of symbolic and nonsymbolic talk. Children with ECHS focused on concrete “here-and-now” talk and produced less symbolic talk than normative children. Only a third of the children with ECHS were able to produce story episodes. These findings reflect the ECHS children's relatively immature participation in joint pretense and their overreliance on earlier acquired strategies for pretend play. This style of participation may result from difficulty coordinating more complex social intentions with appropriate language forms.

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Age Norms for Auditory-Perceptual Neurophonetic Parameters: A Prerequisite for the Assessment of Childhood Dysarthria

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00114 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 1071-1082

Author(s):

Theresa Schölderle ◽

Elisabet Haas ◽

Wolfram Ziegler

Keyword(s):

Assessment Tool ◽

Developmental Trajectories ◽

Voice Quality ◽

Typically Developing ◽

Typically Developing Children ◽

Age Norms ◽

Elementary School Age ◽

Speech Characteristics ◽

Substantial Progress ◽

Computer Based

Purpose The aim of this study was to collect auditory-perceptual data on established symptom categories of dysarthria from typically developing children between 3 and 9 years of age, for the purpose of creating age norms for dysarthria assessment. Method One hundred forty-four typically developing children (3;0–9;11 [years;months], 72 girls and 72 boys) participated. We used a computer-based game specifically designed for this study to elicit sentence repetitions and spontaneous speech samples. Speech recordings were analyzed using the auditory-perceptual criteria of the Bogenhausen Dysarthria Scales, a standardized German assessment tool for dysarthria in adults. The Bogenhausen Dysarthria Scales (scales and features) cover clinically relevant dimensions of speech and allow for an evaluation of well-established symptom categories of dysarthria. Results The typically developing children exhibited a number of speech characteristics overlapping with established symptom categories of dysarthria (e.g., breathy voice, frequent inspirations, reduced articulatory precision, decreased articulation rate). Substantial progress was observed between 3 and 9 years of age, but with different developmental trajectories across different dimensions. In several areas (e.g., respiration, voice quality), 9-year-olds still presented with salient developmental speech characteristics, while in other dimensions (e.g., prosodic modulation), features typically associated with dysarthria occurred only exceptionally, even in the 3-year-olds. Conclusions The acquisition of speech motor functions is a prolonged process not yet completed with 9 years. Various developmental influences (e.g., anatomic–physiological changes) shape children's speech specifically. Our findings are a first step toward establishing auditory-perceptual norms for dysarthria in children of kindergarten and elementary school age. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12133380

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