Articulatory Abnormalities in Athetoid Cerebral Palsy

1978 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Kent ◽  
Ronald Netsell
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Learning ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Tongue Movement ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Jaw Movement ◽  
Athetoid Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Articulatory Movements ◽  
Velopharyngeal Closure ◽  
Transition Times

This report presents cinefluorographic data on the articulation of isolated vowels, VCV nonsense utterances, and short sentences by five subjects with athetoid cerebral palsy. Articulatory abnormalities were identified from tracings of vocal tract shapes and from displacement-by-time plots of articulatory events. The most frequent abnormalities were large ranges of jaw movement, inappropriate positioning of the tongue for various phonetic segments (especially because of a reduced range of tongue movement in the anteroposterior dimension), intermittency of velopharyngeal closure caused by an instability of velar elevation, prolonged transition times for articulatory movements, and retrusion of the lower lip. The speech disorder associated with athetosis is considered with respect to a model of motor learning.

scholarly journals Motor learning-based activities may improve functional ability in adults with severe cerebral palsy: A controlled pilot study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Helle Hüche Larsen ◽  
Rasmus Feld Frisk ◽  
Maria Willerslev-Olsen ◽  
Jens Bo Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Learning ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Functional Ability ◽  
Active Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
Learning Principles

BACKGROUND: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurodevelopmental disturbance characterized by impaired control of movement. Function often decreases and 15% of adults are classified as severely affected (Gross Motor Function Classification Scale III-V). Little is known about interventions that aim to improve functional abilities in this population. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a 12-week intervention based on motor learning principles on functional ability in adults with severe CP. METHODS: 16 adults (36±10 years, GMFCS III-V) were enrolled and divided into an intervention group (Active group) and a standard care group (Control group). Primary outcome measure was Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88). Secondary measures were neurological status. The Active group were measured at baseline, after the intervention and at one-month follow-up. The Control group were measured at baseline and after one month. RESULTS: Analysis showed statistically significant improvement in GMFM-88 for the Active group from baseline to post assessment compared with the Control group (group difference: 5 points, SE 14.5, p = 0.008, CI: 1.2 to 8.7). Improvements were maintained at follow-up. Results from the neurological screening showed no clear tendencies. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides support that activities based on motor learning principles may improve gross motor function in adults with severe CP.

Long-term surgical outcomes of cervical myelopathy with athetoid cerebral palsy

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1464-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keung Nyun Kim ◽  
Poong Gee Ahn ◽  
Mi Jung Ryu ◽  
Dong Ah Shin ◽  
Seong Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Surgical Outcomes ◽  
Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
Athetoid Cerebral Palsy

scholarly journals Operative treatment of cervical spondylotic myelo-radiculopathy with athetoid cerebral palsy.

1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 784-788
Author(s):  
Shoichi Kawagoe ◽  
Naoya Tajima ◽  
Keiichiro Kawano ◽  
Yoshihiro Deguchi
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Operative Treatment ◽  
Athetoid Cerebral Palsy

Orofacial Movements Associated With Fluent Speech in Persons Who Stutter

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. McClean ◽  
Stephen M. Tasko ◽  
Charles M. Runyan
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Electromagnetic System ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Fluent Speech ◽  
Speed Increase ◽  
Speech Disfluency ◽  
Opening And Closing

This study was intended to replicate and extend previous findings that (a) during fluent speech persons who stutter (PS) and those who do not (NS) differ in their vocal tract closing movements (L. Max, A. J. Caruso, & V. L. Gracco, 2003) and (b) ratios relating lip and tongue speed to jaw speed increase with stuttering severity (M. D. McClean & C. R. Runyan, 2000). An electromagnetic system was used to record movements of the upper lip, lower lip, tongue, and jaw of 43 NS and 37 PS during productions of a nonsense phrase and a sentence. Measurement and analysis of movement speeds, durations, and ratios of lip and tongue speed to jaw speed were performed on fluent productions of a nonsense phrase and sentence. Statistical comparisons were made between PS with low and high stuttering severity levels (LPS and HPS) and NS. Significant variations across groups in movement speed and duration were observed, but the pattern of these effects was complex and did not replicate the results of the two earlier studies. In the nonsense phrase, significant reductions in lower lip closing duration, jaw closing duration, and jaw closing speed were seen in PS. In the sentence task, HPS showed elevated tongue opening and closing durations. For tongue opening in the sentence, LPS showed elevated speeds and HPS showed reduced speeds. The elevated speeds for LPS are interpreted as a contributing factor to speech disfluency, whereas the reduced speeds and increased durations in HPS are attributed to adaptive behavior intended to facilitate fluent speech. Significant group effects were not seen for the speed ratio measures. Results are discussed in relation to multivariate analyses intended to identify subgroups of PS.

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