A Comparative Acoustic Study of Normal, Esophageal, and Tracheoesophageal Speech Production

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Robbins ◽  
Hilda B. Fisher ◽  
Eric C. Blom ◽  
Mark I. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Intensity Measures ◽  
Vocal Rehabilitation ◽  
Alaryngeal Speech ◽  
Acoustic Study ◽  
Esophageal Speech ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
Tracheoesophageal Speech ◽  
Normal Speech

Acoustic characteristics of two types of alaryngeal speech were quantified and compared to normal speech production. High-quality audio recordings were obtained from 15 subjects who had undergone the tracheoesophageal puncture method of postlaryngectomy vocal rehabilitation (Singer & Blom, 1980), 15 esophageal speakers, and 15 laryngeal talkers as they sustained the vowel/a/and read a standard paragraph. Ten frequency, 7 intensity, and 13 duration variables were quantified. Central tendency and variability measures of frequency and duration for the three speaker groups indicated that tracheoesophageal speech is more similar to normal speech than is esophageal speech. Intensity measures indicated that tracheoesophageal speech is more intense than normal and esophageal speech.

Acoustic Differentiation of Laryngeal, Esophageal, and Tracheoesophageal Speech

1984 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Vocal Rehabilitation ◽  
Tracheoesophageal Speech ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Temporal Measures

This investigation was designed to determine if a multivariate acoustic classifier could effectively discriminate group membership for 15 tracheoesophageal, esophageal, and laryngeal speakers. Seven intensity, 10 frequency, and 13 duration measures were quantified from recorded voice samples. Using principal components analysis, a subset of the 13 least redundant acoustic and temporal measures was systematically selected from the 30 original measures and analyzed singly and jointly in terms of its ability to discriminate among the three speaker groups. Discriminant function analysis revealed perfect categorization of the 45 subjects, indicating that the three methods of speech production are acoustically and temporally distinct from one another. The relative importance of the selected variables which, in combination, significantly differentiated the three groups is discussed in relation to physiologic differences among groups and clinical application for postlaryngectomy vocal rehabilitation.

Instrumental and Perceptual Evidence for Tracheoesophageal Speech

1996 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 658-658
Author(s):  
Sakina S. Drummond ◽  
Kathy Krueger ◽  
Jess Dancer ◽  
Gretchen Spring
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Acoustic Measures ◽  
Alaryngeal Speech ◽  
Tracheoesophageal Speech ◽  
Perceptual Evidence

With 8 men, two methods of alaryngeal speech production, tracheoesophageal and electrolaryngeal, were compared on perceptual and acoustic measures of speech intelligibility. Measures consistently identified the tracheoesophageal speech as superior to electrolaryngeal speech.

Cineradiography of the Pharyngoesophageal Segment in Postlaryngectomy Patients

2000 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranny Van Weissenbruch ◽  
Marc Kunnen ◽  
Paul B. Van Cauwenberge ◽  
Frans W. J. Albers ◽  
Arend M. Sulter
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Management ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Total Laryngectomy ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Vocal Rehabilitation ◽  
Alaryngeal Speech ◽  
Wide Acceptance ◽  
Pharyngeal Plexus ◽  
Tracheoesophageal Speech

The use of tracheoesophageal voice prostheses has gained wide acceptance in the field of vocal rehabilitation after total laryngectomy. In a randomized study with 3 arms, alaryngeal speech proficiency was assessed in 60 postlaryngectomy patients: 20 patients underwent primary unilateral pharyngeal myotomy, 21 patients underwent neurectomy of the pharyngeal plexus in addition to pharyngeal myotomy, and 19 patients did not undergo an additional surgical procedure. Pharyngoesophageal (PE) dynamics were examined during esophageal and tracheoesophageal speech. A single vibrating PE segment was seen in good alaryngeal speakers. Hypertonicity, spasm, strictures, and hypotonicity of the PE segment were correlated significantly with poor or moderate alaryngeal speech. Unilateral myotomy with or without unilateral neurectomy prevented hypertonicity or spasm of the PE segment. The acquisition of alaryngeal speech did not differ significantly between the 2 groups who had undergone an additional surgical procedure. Evaluation of anatomic and physiological factors may be helpful in subsequent clinical management to achieve effective alaryngeal speech.

Acceptability Ratings of Normal, Esophageal, and Artificial Larynx Speech

1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Bennett ◽  
Bernd Weinberg
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Alaryngeal Speech ◽  
Esophageal Speech ◽  
Artificial Larynx ◽  
Normal Speaker ◽  
Western Electric ◽  
Normal Speech

To provide information about the ultimate acceptability of various types of alaryngeal speech, 37 listeners rated nine speakers with normal phonation in relation to two groups of superior alaryngeal speakers: five who used esophageal speech and four who used artificial larynges. Normal speech was rated significantly more acceptable than any form of alaryngeal speech studied. Speech produced with a Tokyo artificial larynx was rated significantly more acceptable than all other types of alaryngeal speech. Superior esophageal speech was significantly preferred over Western Electric reed and Bell electrolarynx speech. Listeners also categorized each of the 18 speakers as a normal speaker or not a normal speaker. The nine alaryngeal speakers were all classified as nonnormal, while eight of the nine normal subjects were classified as normal.

Airway Resistance during Esophageal Phonation

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Weinberg ◽  
Yoshiyuki Horii ◽  
Eric Blom ◽  
Mark Singer
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Voice Restoration ◽  
Esophageal Speech ◽  
Airways Resistance ◽  
Restoration Method

Prosthesis airway resistance calculations were completed for five Blom-Singer prostheses and esophageal source airway resistance estimated were made of five laryngectomized patients using the Singer-Blom voice restoration method. Airway resistance of the Blom-Singer prostheses ranged from 46 to 121 cmH 2 O/LPS, while source airways resistance in these subjects ranged from about 155 to 270 cmH 2 O/LPS. These results revealed that the opposition of the voicing sources used in esophageal speech production to airflow through them is substantial and larger than that established for the normal, laryngeal source. Findings are interpreted to highlight major advantages the Singer-Blom (1980) method of speech/voice restoration has over esophageal speech/voice produced on a conventional basis and to reveal specific reasons for the failure of may laryngectomized patients to develop consistent voice and functionally serviceable speech.

Fabricating a Partial Denture Obturator for the rehabilitation of Maxillectomy Patient - A Case Report

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Md Ali Afzal Khan ◽  
Md Nazmul Hasan ◽  
Newaz Mohsina ◽  
Aleya Begum
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Partial Denture ◽  
Functional Capabilities ◽  
Palatal Obturator ◽  
Maxillary Defects ◽  
Normal Speech

Obturator prostheses are considered to be the preferred choice for the restoration of maxillary defects. Patients with palatal insufficiency, speech and deglutition becomes impaired, thereby requiring prosthodontic rehabilitation. The prosthodontic rehabilitation of patients with acquired defects of the maxilla after surgical resection is the complete responsibility of a maxillofacial prosthodontist. He has to recreate an artificial barrier between the cavities and thus restore the functional capabilities of speech, mastication and swallowing. Palatal obturator is the only substitute which covers the defect and contributes to normal speech production. It eliminates hypernasality and improves the communication.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v1i2.13983 Update Dent. Coll. j. 2011: 1(2): 25-28

Selected Acoustic Characteristics of Speech Production in Very Old Males

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. P35-P45 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Liss ◽  
G. Weismer ◽  
J. C. Rosenbek
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Very Old

Characteristics of Speech Production after Tracheoesophageal Puncture

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Robbins ◽  
John Christensen ◽  
Gail Kempster
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Voice Onset Time ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Vowel Duration ◽  
Voice Production ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
Tracheoesophageal Puncture ◽  
Offset Time

Voice onset time (VOT) and vowel duration characteristics of speakers following the Singer-Blom technique of tracheoesophageal puncture (1980) were compared to those of traditional esophageal and laryngeal speakers. Fifteen subjects in each of the three speaker groups produced the words /pik/, /kup/, and /kup/ in a carrier phrase while audio recordings were obtained. Broadband spectrograms were made of the consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) utterances and vowel duration and VOT were measured. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) procedures revealed that the tracheoesophageal speakers produced significantly shorter VOTs and longer vowel durations than the laryngeal speakers. However, the longer vowel durations for the traeheoesophageal speakers were not completely accounted for by the shorter VOTs found for that group. Spectrographic examination suggests that delayed voice offset time for the tracheoesophageal speakers also contributes to their longer vowel durations. Overall findings indicate that the physical characteristics and motor control properties of the neoglottis, even when driven by pulmonary air as in tracheoesophageal speakers, exert a major influence on alaryngeal voice production.

Comparisons of Perceptual and Acoustic Characteristics of Tracheoesophageal and Excellent Esophageal Speech

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Sedory ◽  
S. L. Hamlet ◽  
N. P. Connor
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Esophageal Speech

The results of recent studies have established significant acoustic differences between tracheoesophageal (TE) and conventional esophageal speech. Listener preferences and acoustic differences between TE and excellent esophageal speech were examined in the present investigation. Although, as a group, TE speech was characterized by longer extended phonation, more syllables per breath, and increased intensity, there were no significant differences in listener preference between the groups.

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