Visually and Auditorily Paced Keytapping Performance During Synchronous, Decreased, and Delayed Auditory and Visual Feedback

1967 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond S. Karlovich ◽  
James T. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Delayed Visual Feedback ◽  
Female Subjects

Twenty female subjects tapped on a tapping key to programmed visual pacing stimuli under synchronous auditory feedback, delayed auditory feedback, and decreased sensory feedback conditions and also to programmed auditory pacing stimuli under synchronous visual feedback, delayed visual feedback, and decreased sensory feedback conditions. Cross-modality matching procedures were employed to equate the perceptual magnitudes of the auditory and visual stimuli. Pattern duration and tapping key displacement variables were evaluated and it was noted that the relative perceptual magnitudes between pacing and feedback stimuli are important aspects determining the degree of alteration in keytapping motor performance under delayed sensory feedback. The data also indicated that increases in the intensity of tapping observed under delayed sensory feedback conditions were not due to the temporal distortion of the feedback but possibly to an absence of feedback at the moment of tapping.

Auditorily Paced Keytapping Performance during Synchronous, Decreased, and Delayed Visual Feedback

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond S. Karlovich ◽  
James T. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Sensory Modality ◽  
Sensation Level ◽  
Feedback Stimulus ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Kinesthetic Feedback ◽  
Temporal Deviation ◽  
Delayed Visual Feedback

20 young adult female Ss tapped on a tapping key to low, mid, and high sensation-level pure-tone auditory-pacing stimuli while being exposed to synchronous visual-feedback, delayed visual-feedback, and decreased sensory-feedback conditions. The stroboscopic visual-feedback stimulus was judged to be as bright as the mid-sensation-level auditory stimulus was loud in a preliminary cross-modality matching study. The dependent variables evaluated were tapping error, temporal deviation of the taps from the onset of the pacing stimuli, and tap duration. Few tapping errors occurred under any of the conditions which indicated that the auditory sensory modality is effective in regulating motor performance even when temporally distorted visual feedback is associated with the performance. Tapping deviation data strongly suggested that the relative perceptual magnitudes between the auditory pacing stimuli and the delayed visual-feedback stimulus are important factors in determining the speed of motor response. Tap durations were greater during decreased sensory-feedback and delayed visual-feedback conditions than during synchronous visual-feedback conditions, and it was speculated that these changes occurred due to an increase in tactual and kinesthetic feedback employed by Ss to counterbalance the distorted and decreased sensory feedbacks.

Using audiovisual feedback during speaking

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Jennifer Chesters ◽  
Riikka Möttönen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Native English Speakers ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Disruptive Effect ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Speech Fluency ◽  
Articulatory Movements ◽  
History Of ◽  
Delayed Visual Feedback

The sensory systems have an important role in speech production. Monitoring sensory consequences of articulatory movements supports fluent speaking. It is well known that delayed auditory feedback disrupts fluency of speech. Also, there is some evidence that immediate visual feedback, i.e., seeing one’s own articulatory movements in a mirror, decreases the disruptive effect of delayed auditory feedback (Jones and Striemer, 2007). It is unknown whether delayed visual feedback affects fluency of speech. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of delayed auditory, visual and audiovisual feedback on speech fluency. 20 native English speakers (with no history of speech and language problems) participated in the experiment. Participants received delayed (200 ms) or immediate auditory feedback, whilst repeating sentences. Moreover, they received either no visual feedback, immediate visual feedback or delayed visual feedback (200, 400, 600 ms). Under delayed auditory feedback, the duration of sentences was longer and number of speech errors was greater than under immediate auditory feedback, confirming that delayed auditory feedback disrupts speech. Immediate visual feedback had no effect on speech fluency. Importantly, fluency of speech was most disrupted when both auditory and visual feedback was delayed, suggesting that delayed visual feedback strengthened the disruptive effect of delayed auditory feedback. However, delayed visual feedback combined with immediate auditory feedback had no effect on speech fluency. Our findings demonstrate that although visual feedback is not available during speaking in every-day life, it can be integrated with auditory feedback and influence fluency of speech.

Perception of Auditory Feedback Delay: Subjective Estimate of Delay Magnitude

1968 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Saxman ◽  
Theodore D. Hanley
Keyword(s):  
Delay Interval ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Feedback Delay ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Physical Time ◽  
Subjective Estimate ◽  
Speech Response ◽  
Female Subjects

Twenty female subjects were required to select, by the method of fractionation, the delay interval judged by them to be one-half the duration of the standard delay interval with which it was paired. The signals judged were the delay intervals between the subjects' own production of the syllable /da/ and its return via delayed auditory feedback. Ten ascending and ten descending one-half judgments were obtained for each subject at each of tie standard delay intervals of 100, 200, 400, and 800 msec. The curves for the ascending, descending, and combined ascending-descending judgments, when plotted against delay intervals in physical time, were all nearly linear with a slight positively accelerated slope. A tentative scale of subjective delay time is described and its implications for evaluating the speech response to DAF as a function of time are noted.

scholarly journals Sensory substitution reveals a manipulation bias

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja T. Zai ◽  
Sophie Cavé-Lopez ◽  
Manon Rolland ◽  
Nicolas Giret ◽  
Richard H. R. Hahnloser
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Sensory Modality ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Song Learning ◽  
Sensory Substitution ◽  
Voluntary Action ◽  
Affective Valence ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach

AbstractSensory substitution is a promising therapeutic approach for replacing a missing or diseased sensory organ by translating inaccessible information into another sensory modality. However, many substitution systems are not well accepted by subjects. To explore the effect of sensory substitution on voluntary action repertoires and their associated affective valence, we study deaf songbirds to which we provide visual feedback as a substitute of auditory feedback. Surprisingly, deaf birds respond appetitively to song-contingent binary visual stimuli. They skillfully adapt their songs to increase the rate of visual stimuli, showing that auditory feedback is not required for making targeted changes to vocal repertoires. We find that visually instructed song learning is basal-ganglia dependent. Because hearing birds respond aversively to the same visual stimuli, sensory substitution reveals a preference for actions that elicit sensory feedback over actions that do not, suggesting that substitution systems should be designed to exploit the drive to manipulate.

Effects of Field-Articulation and Feedback on Perception of Intermediate Visual-Kinesthetic Position

1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 875-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Roger Ware ◽  
Richard C. Barnhill
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
High Field ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Constant Error ◽  
Mean Absolute Error ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Kinesthetic Feedback ◽  
The Mean

High and low field-articulators were compared on the accuracy with which they could adjust a rod to intermediate visual-kinesthetic positions while blindfolded, under four sensory-feedback conditions. Independent groups of 10 Ss were given auditory, visual, kinesthetic, or no sensory feedback for 16 trials and then tested on 8 trials without sensory feedback. High field-articulators were significantly more accurate on the feedback trials for all sensory-feedback conditions but not in terms of mean absolute error. The mean constant error on the test trials was significantly lower for the high field-articulators on all feedback conditions except for visual feedback where the low field-articulator had a lower constant error. Both the high and low field-articulators became more accurate and learned more in judging visual-kinesthetic position when auditory feedback was given. Low field-articulators showed significant improvement in accuracy with kinesthetic feedback. The results supported the hypothesis that intermediate directions can be learned and supported previous perceptual research.

Influence on Motor Performance of Simultaneous Delayed and Synchronous Pure-Tone Auditory Feedback

1964 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard B. Ruhm ◽  
William A. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Presentation Order ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Intensity Ratios

A study was made of the effect of the presentation order of delay/synchronous (DAF/SAF) intensity ratios on tapping performance under simultaneously presented synchronous and delayed auditory feedback. Comparisons were made between performances of groups who received either primarily positive or primarily negative DAF/SAF ratios in random order. Additional comparisons were made between subjects who received serially presented DAF/SAF ratios in an ascending series and those who were given the same stimuli in a descending DAF/SAF ratio series. It was found that, when synchronous and delayed auditory feedback are presented simultaneously at various DAF/SAF ratios, the presentation order influences the degree of performance disruption. It is concluded that the results of studies involving the use of simultaneously presented SAF and DAF should be interpreted in light of the stimulus presentation order.

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