Treatment of Dysarthria: Support by Evidence-Based Research and Expert Opinion

In R v Foy, the appellant sought to adduce fresh evidence based on a difference in expert opinion. Dismissing the appeal, the Court of Appeal in England held that, where there is no solid basis for expert assertions, these appeals must fail. The case highlights the legal complexities intrinsic in diminished responsibility cases in the context of intoxication and mental health issues. This commentary addresses the legal ambiguities that arise under these circumstances.

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Suspect sciences? Evidentiary Problems with Emerging Technologies

International Journal of Digital Crime and Forensics ◽

10.4018/jdcf.2010010104 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 40-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Gary Edmond

Keyword(s):

Expert Opinion ◽

Emerging Technologies ◽

Computer Forensics ◽

Forensic Sciences ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Expert Evidence ◽

New Techniques ◽

Sound Recordings ◽

Rules Of Evidence

This article examines the standards governing the admission of new types of expert evidence. Based on the rules of evidence and procedure in Australia, it explains how judges have been largely uninterested in the reliability of expert opinion evidence. Focused on the use of CCTV images and covert sound recordings for the purposes of identification, but relevant to other forensic sciences, the article explains the need for interest in the reliability of incriminating expert opinion evidence. It also explains why many of the traditional trial safeguards may not be particularly useful for identifying or explaining problems and complexities with scientific and technical evidence. In closing, the article argues that those developing new types of evidence and new techniques, whether identification-based or derived from IT, camera or computer forensics, need to be able to explain why it is that the court can have confidence in any opinions expressed.

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Latin American Thyroid Society recommendations for the management of thyroid nodules

Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-27302009000900014 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 53 (9) ◽

pp. 1167-1175 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Rosalinda Camargo ◽

Sandro Corigliano ◽

Celso Friguglietti ◽

Alicia Gauna ◽

Rubén Harach ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Latin American ◽

Expert Opinion ◽

Thyroid Nodules ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Group Meeting ◽

Medical Centers ◽

Based Medicine ◽

Latin American Countries

Several guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of thyroid nodules and cancer have recently been published. However, recommended practices are not always appropriate to different settings or countries. The aim of this consensus was to develop Clinical Guidelines for evaluation and management of patients with thyroid nodules applicable to Latin American countries. The panel was composed by 13 members of the Latin American Thyroid Society involved with research and management of thyroid nodules and cancer from different medical centers in Latin America. The consensus was produced based on the expert opinion of the panel with use of principles of evidence-based medicine. Following a group meeting, a first draft based on the expert opinion of the panel was elaborated and later circulated among panel members for further revision. After revision, this document was submitted to all LATS members for commentaries and considerations and finally revised and refined by the authors. The final recommendations represent state of the art on management of thyroid nodules applied to all Latin American countries.

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THE GHOST IN THE MACHINE? THE VALUE OF EXPERT ADVICE IN THE PRODUCTION OF EVIDENCE-BASED GUIDANCE: A MIXED METHODS STUDY OF THE NICE INTERVENTIONAL PROCEDURES PROGRAMME

International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care ◽

10.1017/s0266462315000690 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (1-2) ◽

pp. 61-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Oyinlola Oyebode ◽

Hannah Patrick ◽

Alexander Walker ◽

Bruce Campbell ◽

John Powell

Keyword(s):

Expert Opinion ◽

Interventional Procedures ◽

Expert Advice ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Research Experience ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Usefulness Score ◽

Qualitative Work ◽

Patient Selection Criteria ◽

Guidance Development

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the aspects of expert advice that decision makers find most useful in the development of evidence-based guidance and to identify the characteristics of experts providing the most useful advice.Methods: First, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seventeen members of the Interventional Procedures Advisory Committee of the UK's National Institute of Health and Care Excellence. Interviews examined the usefulness of expert advice during guidance development. Transcripts were analyzed inductively to identify themes. Second, data were extracted from 211 experts’ questionnaires for forty-one consecutive procedures. Usefulness of advice was scored using an index developed through the qualitative work. Associations between usefulness score and characteristics of the expert advisor were investigated using univariate and multivariate analyses.Results: Expert opinion was seen as a valued complement to empirical evidence, providing context and tacit knowledge unavailable in published literature, but helpful for interpreting it. Interviewees also valued advice on the training and experience required to perform a procedure, on patient selection criteria and the place of a procedure within a clinical management pathway. Limitations of bias in expert opinion were widely acknowledged and skepticism expressed regarding the anecdotal nature of advice on safety or efficacy outcomes. Quantitative analysis demonstrated that the most useful advice was given by clinical experts with direct personal experience of the procedure, particularly research experience.Conclusions: Evidence-based guidance production is often characterized as a rational, pipeline process. This ignores the valuable role that expert opinion plays in guidance development, complementing and supporting the interpretation of empirical data.

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Expert opinion: what are the greatest challenges and barriers to applying evidence-based and practical approaches to preclinical and clinical research in the field of pediatric radiology?

Pediatric Radiology ◽

10.1007/s00247-014-3047-4 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 44 (10) ◽

pp. 1209-1212 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Amaka C. Offiah ◽

Savvas Andronikou ◽

Fred Avni ◽

Pedro Daltro ◽

Lane F. Donnelly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Research ◽

Expert Opinion ◽

Pediatric Radiology ◽

Evidence Based

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Neonatal Advanced Practice Nurses as Key Facilitators in Implementing Evidence-Based Practice

Neonatal Network The Journal of Neonatal Nursing ◽

10.1891/0730-0832.28.3.193 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 193-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Joan Renaud Smith ◽

Ann Donze ◽

F. Sessions Cole ◽

Judy Johnston ◽

Jeanne Giebe

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

Knowledge Base ◽

Expert Opinion ◽

Patient Preference ◽

Evidence Based Practice ◽

Advanced Practice Nurses ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Advanced Practice ◽

Practice Nurses ◽

Practice Implementation

EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE (EBP) is a process that utilizes the best available evidence, expert opinion, and patient preference to guide clinical practice decisions. Although the process itself is relatively straightforward and understandable (See Five Steps of Evidence-Based Practice), implementation requires an infrastructure and knowledge base that can support all five steps of the EBP process.

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