Heterosis and combining ability for grain yield and other agronomic traits in winter triticale

2003 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Oettler ◽  
H. Burger ◽  
A. E. Melchinger
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Winter Triticale

THE ANALYSIS OF HERITABLE VARIATION FOR THREE AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN A 6-VARIETY DIALLEL OF GRAIN SORGHUM, SORGHUM VULGARE PERS.

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 460-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
George H. L. Liang ◽  
E. G. Heyne ◽  
J. H. Chung ◽  
Y. O. Koh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Heritable Variation ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Unit Slope

Analysis of a six-variety diallel indicates that both general and specific combining ability were important for anthesis time and that specific combining ability seems more important for grain yield. Significant interactions were observed between general combining ability and locations for yield, anthesis time, and protein content while significant interaction between specific combining ability and locations was observed for protein content only.For grain yield, overdominance was indicated by the (H1/D)½ ratio; at least four groups of genes were involved in controlling yield. Heritability estimate was slow. For anthesis time, a partial dominance was indicated. Approximately three groups of genes controlled anthesis; heritability estimate was high. For protein content, a partial dominance was noted. Two groups of genes were estimated for control of protein content; heritability estimate was intermediate.The regression coefficients for the three characters were less than 1, but only that for protein content was significantly so. The deviation of the regression line from unit slope may indicate the ptesence of either epistasis or correlated gene distribution or both in the materials tested.

scholarly journals Combining Ability Study for Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits of Quality Protein Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines Adapted to Mid-Altitude Agroecology of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-304
Author(s):  
Lemi Mideksa Yadesa ◽  
Sentayehu Alamerew ◽  
Berhanu Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Almost All

In spite of the importance of quality protein maize to alleviate protein deficiency, almost all maize varieties cultivated in Ethiopia are normal maize varieties, which are devoid of lysine and tryptophan. Perusing the combining ability of QPM inbred for grain yield and its components is vital to design appropriate breeding strategies for the development of nutritionally enhanced maize cultivars. A line x tester analysis involving 36 crosses generated by crossing 9  elite maize inbred lines with 4 testers were evaluated for different desirable agronomic traits during the 2019 main season at BNMRC and JARC. The experiment was conducted using alpha lattice design with 3 replications. The objectives were to determine the combining ability of quality protein maize inbred lines, adapted to mid altitude agroecology of Ethiopia for agronomic traits. The crosses were evaluated in alpha lattice design replicated 3 times. Analyses of variances showed significant mean squares due to crosses for almost all the traits studied. GCA mean squares due to lines and testers were significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01) for most studied traits. SCA mean squares were also significant for most attributes across locations. The comparative importance of GCA and SCA variances observed in the current study for most studied traits indicated the preponderance of additive genetic variance in governing these attributes. Only L3 was the best general combiner for grain yield. Inbred line L3, for days to anthesis and L5 for days to silking had negative and significant GCA effects. L5 and L6 displayed negative and significant GCA effects for plant and ear height. Crosses, L2xT4, L3xT4, L4xT4, L5xT2, L6xT3, L7xT2, L9xT1 and L9xT4 were good specific combiners for grain yield. In general, these genotypes help as a source of promising alleles that could be used for forthcoming breeding work in the development of quality protein maize cultivars with desirable traits.

scholarly journals Analysis of Combining Ability in Rice Varieties for Quantitative Traits

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-439
Author(s):  
Ghaffar KIANI
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Grain Length ◽  
Additive Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene

Rice is staple food in Iran. Despite of high quality of local rice, their grain yield is low. In hybridization breeding programs, selection of suitable parents is an essential role for developing new combinations with broadens genetic diversity. Combining ability of local rice varieties namely ‘Hashemi’, ‘Sang Jo’ and ‘Tarom Deylamani’ and ‘Nemat’ was evaluated in a partial diallele analysis for agronomic traits in a randomized complete block design at Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) variances showed predominated role of additive gene effects in the inheritance of grain length. Both additive and non-additive components of genetic variances were important in the inheritance of traits like grain yield, plant height, panicle length, total grains per panicle, grain length and grain length to width. However, non-additive gene effects were seen for tiller number. Results showed that ‘Nemat’ was the best general combiner for most of characters followed by ‘Tarom Deylamani’. The cross of ‘Hashemi’ × ‘Tarom Deylamani’ was suggested to exploitation of heterosis breeding for increasing yield and its components in rice breeding programs. 

scholarly journals Combining Ability and Heterosis for Agronomic Traits, Husk and Cob Pigment Concentration of Maize

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Ponsawan Khamphasan ◽  
Khomsorn Lomthaisong ◽  
Bhornchai Harakotr ◽  
Marvin Paul Scott ◽  
Kamol Lertrat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Maize Varieties

The objective of this study was to identify the maize inbred lines with good general combining ability (GCA), good specific combining ability (SCA), high heterosis for yield and phytochemicals, and the crosses with high yield of yellow kernels and high anthocyanin content in cobs and husk, which was probably related to the high antioxidant activity. The parental lines including five unpigmented females and five pigmented males were crossed in North Carolina design II. The parents, the resulting 25 hybrids, and 5 controls were evaluated at two locations in the dry season of 2016/2017. Additive and non-additive gene effects controlled the inheritance of grain yield, agronomic traits, and phytochemicals. KKU–PFC2 and KKU–PFC4 had the highest GCA effects for phytochemical traits in husk and cob, whereas Takfa1 and Takfa3 were good combiners for grain yield. F1 hybrids had significantly higher total anthocyanin content (TAC), total phenolic content (TPC), (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) (DPPH), and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) in husk and cob than pigmented control cultivars. The hybrids superior for individual traits were identified, but the experiment was not able to identify superior hybrids for multiple traits. The Takfa3 × KKU–PFC5 and NakhonSuwan2 × KKU-PFC4 had the highest anthocyanin in husk and cobs, respectively. The breeding strategies to develop maize varieties with high anthocyanins and normal yellow kernels and utilization of the hybrids are discussed.

Genetic and agronomic evaluation of short-season Quality Protein Maize

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1171-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Spaner ◽  
D. E. Mather ◽  
R. I. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Base Population ◽  
Fusarium Ear Rot ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Grain Moisture

Development of early-maturing hybrid cultivars of Quality Protein Maize (QPM), a hard-endosperm high-lysine maize (Zea mays L.), could provide a balanced-protein alternative feed crop for northern temperate areas. A set of inbred lines derived from QPM germplasm was used as the base population for three experiments conducted in eastern Canada: an eight-parent one-half diallel analysis, an evaluation of inbred performance, and an evaluation of resistance to Fusarium ear rot. In the diallel analysis, general combining ability effects were significant for grain yield, moisture at harvest, and kernel opacity. Specific combining ability effects were also significant and accounted for 20 and 13% of the genotypic variability for grain yield and moisture at harvest, respectively. Some QPM hybrids yielded well, but they had relatively high levels of grain moisture at harvest, indicating a need to breed for improved adaptation. Within the base population of QPM inbreds, the variation and repeatability for most agronomic traits and for resistance to Fusarium ear rot appeared to be adequate to allow development of agronomically superior QPM inbreds and hybrids for northern temperate maize growing regions.Key words: Quality Protein Maize, opaque-2, repeatability, diallel, agronomic potential, Fusarium graminearum

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