Genetic and agronomic evaluation of short-season Quality Protein Maize

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1171-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Spaner ◽  
D. E. Mather ◽  
R. I. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Base Population ◽  
Fusarium Ear Rot ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Grain Moisture

Development of early-maturing hybrid cultivars of Quality Protein Maize (QPM), a hard-endosperm high-lysine maize (Zea mays L.), could provide a balanced-protein alternative feed crop for northern temperate areas. A set of inbred lines derived from QPM germplasm was used as the base population for three experiments conducted in eastern Canada: an eight-parent one-half diallel analysis, an evaluation of inbred performance, and an evaluation of resistance to Fusarium ear rot. In the diallel analysis, general combining ability effects were significant for grain yield, moisture at harvest, and kernel opacity. Specific combining ability effects were also significant and accounted for 20 and 13% of the genotypic variability for grain yield and moisture at harvest, respectively. Some QPM hybrids yielded well, but they had relatively high levels of grain moisture at harvest, indicating a need to breed for improved adaptation. Within the base population of QPM inbreds, the variation and repeatability for most agronomic traits and for resistance to Fusarium ear rot appeared to be adequate to allow development of agronomically superior QPM inbreds and hybrids for northern temperate maize growing regions.Key words: Quality Protein Maize, opaque-2, repeatability, diallel, agronomic potential, Fusarium graminearum

scholarly journals Combining Ability Study for Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits of Quality Protein Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines Adapted to Mid-Altitude Agroecology of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-304
Author(s):  
Lemi Mideksa Yadesa ◽  
Sentayehu Alamerew ◽  
Berhanu Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Almost All

In spite of the importance of quality protein maize to alleviate protein deficiency, almost all maize varieties cultivated in Ethiopia are normal maize varieties, which are devoid of lysine and tryptophan. Perusing the combining ability of QPM inbred for grain yield and its components is vital to design appropriate breeding strategies for the development of nutritionally enhanced maize cultivars. A line x tester analysis involving 36 crosses generated by crossing 9  elite maize inbred lines with 4 testers were evaluated for different desirable agronomic traits during the 2019 main season at BNMRC and JARC. The experiment was conducted using alpha lattice design with 3 replications. The objectives were to determine the combining ability of quality protein maize inbred lines, adapted to mid altitude agroecology of Ethiopia for agronomic traits. The crosses were evaluated in alpha lattice design replicated 3 times. Analyses of variances showed significant mean squares due to crosses for almost all the traits studied. GCA mean squares due to lines and testers were significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01) for most studied traits. SCA mean squares were also significant for most attributes across locations. The comparative importance of GCA and SCA variances observed in the current study for most studied traits indicated the preponderance of additive genetic variance in governing these attributes. Only L3 was the best general combiner for grain yield. Inbred line L3, for days to anthesis and L5 for days to silking had negative and significant GCA effects. L5 and L6 displayed negative and significant GCA effects for plant and ear height. Crosses, L2xT4, L3xT4, L4xT4, L5xT2, L6xT3, L7xT2, L9xT1 and L9xT4 were good specific combiners for grain yield. In general, these genotypes help as a source of promising alleles that could be used for forthcoming breeding work in the development of quality protein maize cultivars with desirable traits.

Yield performance with heritability measurements of half sib families obtained from maize variety Azam

1970 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Faizan Mahmood, Hidayat- Ur-Rahman, Nazir Ahmad ◽  
Fahim-ul- Haq ◽  
Samrin Gul, Quaid Hussain ◽  
Ammara Khalid ◽  
Touheed Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Maize Variety ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Sib Families

This study evaluated the performance of 64 half sib families (HSF) derived from “Azam” variety of maize using partially balanced lattice square design with two replications. Data were recorded on grain yield and other agronomic traits. Observations showed difference in half-sib families for studied traits. Among the 64 half-sib families, minimum days to 50% tasseling (51 days) were observed for HS-49 while maximum (57 days) for HS-63. Minimum days to 50% silking (56 days) were counted for HS-6 while maximum (63 days) for HS-23. Minimum days to 50% anthesis (55 days) were counted for HS-1 and HS-6 while maximum (62 days) for HS-23. Similarly, minimum ASI (-2 days) were observed in HS-1, HS-15, HS-16, HS-28 and HS-63 while maximum (2 days) in HS-48. Minimum (60 cm) ear height was recorded for HS-11 and maximum (93.5 cm) for HS-28. Minimum fresh ear weight (1.3 kg) was weighted for HS-17 while maximum (3.2 kg) for HS-21. Grain moisture was recorded minimum (19.35 %) for HS-19 and maximum (31.25%) for HS-2. HS-42 showed minimum (28 g) 100 kernel weight while HS-5 showed maximum (47 g). Grain yield was minimum (2323 kg ha-1) for HS-17 and maximum (5742 kg ha-1) for HS-21. Maximum heritability estimate (0.92) was recorded for fresh ear weight, while minimum (0.41) was observed for ear height.

Inheritance of Grain Yield and Other Quantitative Traits in Maize

1977 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Dhillon ◽  
Joginder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Environmental Interactions ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Very High

SUMMARYCombining ability analysis was carried out on diallel crosses of 20 yellow maize varieties in four environments. General combining ability variance (σ2g) was of greater importance than specific combining ability (σ2s) in the inheritance of all traits except grain yield and ear length, where the reverse was true. Interaction components (σ2ge, σ2se) were greater than the respective main components (σ2g, σ2s) for grain yield. The study brought out the prominent role of genotype-environmental interactions. Heritability in the broad sense was very high for all traits except grain yield and grain moisture, and narrow sense heritability was also high for all traits except grain yield and ear length.

THE ANALYSIS OF HERITABLE VARIATION FOR THREE AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN A 6-VARIETY DIALLEL OF GRAIN SORGHUM, SORGHUM VULGARE PERS.

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 460-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
George H. L. Liang ◽  
E. G. Heyne ◽  
J. H. Chung ◽  
Y. O. Koh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Heritable Variation ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Unit Slope

Analysis of a six-variety diallel indicates that both general and specific combining ability were important for anthesis time and that specific combining ability seems more important for grain yield. Significant interactions were observed between general combining ability and locations for yield, anthesis time, and protein content while significant interaction between specific combining ability and locations was observed for protein content only.For grain yield, overdominance was indicated by the (H1/D)½ ratio; at least four groups of genes were involved in controlling yield. Heritability estimate was slow. For anthesis time, a partial dominance was indicated. Approximately three groups of genes controlled anthesis; heritability estimate was high. For protein content, a partial dominance was noted. Two groups of genes were estimated for control of protein content; heritability estimate was intermediate.The regression coefficients for the three characters were less than 1, but only that for protein content was significantly so. The deviation of the regression line from unit slope may indicate the ptesence of either epistasis or correlated gene distribution or both in the materials tested.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF GRAIN MOISTURE OF CORN AT HARVESTING ON SOME AGRONOMIC TRAITS

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baktash & Alkazaali
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Fall Season ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Grain Moisture

This research was conducted during spring and fall seasons, 2015 , at the fields of Field Crop Department – College of Agriculture –University of Baghdad . The objective was to study the effect of grain moisture at  harvesting on some agronomic traits  of the corn  next  generation , by  using synthetic variety 5018 . In spring season 2015 , seeds of this variety  was planted ,when  moisture of the ear grains was (37-42%) , ten ears were harvested. Ear harvesting dates were performed manually when the grains had 37-42% , 34-36% , 30-33% , 25- 28% and 19-22%  moisture content. In fall season  2015 , varietal trail was carried out to the five treatment materials , using Randomized Complete Bock Design , with four replicates. The results  revealed , that non significant differences between treatments (19-22)%  and  (25-28)% , in all the studied traits . The plants  grown from the seeds of (25-28)%, were produced  highest vegetative mass (116.30 g.plant-1) , total dray matter (269 g. plant-1) and total dray matter ( 1.80  kg.m-2 ) . Highest grain yield ( 1.07  kg.m-2 ) and harvesting index ( 0.63) were produced from plants grown from  seeds harvested  with (19-22)%  moisture content . It can be concluded  that the best moisture contents of the grains for seed production was (19-28)%.

scholarly journals Gene Action and Combing Ability of Some Agronomic Traits in Corn Using Diallel Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Haddadi ◽  
Maqsadollah Esmaeilov ◽  
Rajab Choukan ◽  
Valiollah Rameeh
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Additive Genetic Effect ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Corn Inbred

ABSTRACT Combining ability estimates are important genetic attributes to maize breeders in anticipating improvement via hybridization and selection. To determine the combining ability for yield and yield associated traits, 8 diverse corn inbred lines were used in a half diallel mating design. Twenty eight F1 progenies along with their parents were planted in randomized complete block design with four replications in two locations during two years. Combined analysis of variance showed significant mean squares of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combing ability (SCA) for Days to silking emergence (DS), plant height (PH), 1000-kernel weight (KW), number of kernels in ear row (KR), number of rows in ear( NR ) , ear diameter (ED), cob diameter (CD), kernel yield (KY) indicating that the importance of both additive and non additive genetic effects for these traits. However, high narrow-sense heritability estimates, low degree of dominance and the ratio of estimates of GCA to SCA effects for DS , NR and CD indicated that additive genetic effect was more important for these traits. Most of the crosses with significant SCA effects for KY had at least one parent with significant GCA effects for the same traits. Significant positive correlations were detected between KY and other yield components including KW, KR, NR and ED, therefore these traits can be used as indirect selection criteria for KY improvement. The crosses MO17 × Line8, MO17 × Line 10 and MO17 × Line 12, Line 8 × Line 10 and Line 8 × Line 21 with high values of KY were considered as good cross combinations for improving the trait.

Diallel analysis of yield and yield components of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) D.C.)

1986 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. N. De Silva ◽  
A. Omran
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Winged Bean ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Psophocarpus Tetragonolobus ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

SummaryThe variability revealed in a half-diallel cross between nine diverse genotypes of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) D.C.) in regard to yield and yield components was studied in the F1 generation. The results indicated that high genetic variability existed for all traits. With respect to seed size, general combining ability effects alone were adequate to predict the performance of hybrids. For numbers of pods per plant and seeds per pod, both general and specific combining ability effects were of equal importance, while the performance of hybrids for grain yield was mainly dependent on specific combining ability effects. Heterosis was clearly evident for number of seeds per pod and grain yield. Of the yield components, number of pods per plant exhibited a positive genotypic association of appreciable magnitude with grain yield, showing its usefulness as an indicator of yield in selection.

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