How Many Different Headaches Do You Have?

Cephalalgia ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F Laughey ◽  
E Anne MacGregor ◽  
Marcia IP Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Migraine Headache ◽  
The Self ◽  
Doctor Who ◽  
Migraine Headaches ◽  
City Of London ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

Patients with migraine attending a specialist clinic often have more than one type of headache. One hundred and two patients attending the City of London Migraine Clinic for the first time were asked: 'What type(s) of headache do you think you have?” A separate diagnosis was made by the doctor, who was blinded to the self-diagnosis. On clinic diagnosis, 27 (26.5%) patients were found to have migraine plus an additional non-migraine headache. When compared with the self-diagnosis, 15 (56%) of these had correctly self-diagnosed two types of headache. Many migraineurs can distinguish migraine from non-migraine headaches when they have both.

Excavations in the City of London: First Interim Report, 1974–1975

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Hobley ◽  
John Schofield ◽  
Tony Dyson ◽  
Peter R. V. Marsden ◽  
Charles Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Archaeology ◽  
Interim Report ◽  
Set Up ◽  
City Of London ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Important Evidence

SummaryThe Department of Urban Archaeology, City of London, was set up in December 1973 as part of Guildhall Museum, now the Museum of London. Since then it has excavated sixteen sites and carried out numerous watching briefs. Most of the formal excavations have been conducted on the vital waterfront sites, made available for the first time, and on the Roman and medieval defences of the City. Important evidence of the elusive Saxon occupation is gradually coming to light, and the work is accompanied by specialist research, particularly finds, environmental and documentary.

IS THERE LIFE AFTER LLOYDS?

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
W.N. Grierson
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
Global Target ◽  
Successful Recovery ◽  
Management Leadership ◽  
International Trading ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
City Of London ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Business Structure

London is burning. Lloyds of London that is. The Society which could well be described as the 'Mecca' of energy insurance, is under fire. Record losses have been reported in each of the last three accounting years, and there does not appear to be any significant improvement in sight. Added to the Financial problems are the compounding difficulties of internal litigation, allegations of bad management, and a severely dented international trading reputation.The reasons for the current malaise at Lloyds are a combination of internal and external factors, contributed to by an unprecedented level of worldwide catastrophes certainly, but also the result of poor market practises and what could be regarded as an unsuitable business structure for the 1990s.Lloyds has however determined to meet the challenge and is in the process of implementing the most radical series of changes in its 306 year history. Measures to be introduced include isolation of old year liabilities from new, resolving ongoing problems with litigation and disputes amongst its membership, improving management, leadership, and business processes, reforming the hitherto sacred agency system, and restructuring the capital base of the organisation to amongst other things admit Corporate Members for the first time and manage underwriting capacity more effectively.Lloyds now wishes to be perceived as 'lean and focused' and has produced a global target profit for 1995 of £900 million, representing what most participants would consider a quite acceptable 33 per cent pre-tax return on funds at Lloyds for its individual Names and a 20 per cent pre-tax return for its Incorporated Members. At the same time it has pledged to reduce its own costs by £190 million and decrease its internal staff from 12 000 to 9 500 over the same period.The future of Lloyds and all of those who depend on her is however by no means assured. Significant impediments will have to be overcome if the new initiatives are to succeed, not the least of which is the resistance of a 300 year old institution to change and increased regulation.Opinion even in the City of London itself is clearly divided as to the potential for a successful recovery. The question remains, is there life after Lloyds?

Testing alternative models of property derivatives: the case of the City of London

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-153
Author(s):  
Patrick Lecomte
Keyword(s):  
Futures Contracts ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Individual Property ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hedging Effectiveness ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
City Of London ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

Purpose – The paper aims to conduct an empirical study of three models of property derivatives: index-based derivatives, factor hedges, and combinative hedges based on index and factors. The objective is to test whether the latter two models introduced by Lecomte dominate the index-based model used for existing property derivatives such as EUREX futures contracts. Design/methodology/approach – Based on investment property database (IPD) historical database covering 224 individual office properties from 1981 to 2007, the study assesses ex ante hedging effectiveness of the three models. Nine simulations are run under different hypotheses involving individual buildings and portfolios. The 17 factors included in the study cover both macro-factors (e.g. macroeconomic indicators) and micro-factors linked to the properties (e.g. age). Findings – Atomization and periodic rebalancing of property derivatives' underlying make it possible to substantially increase hedging effectiveness for a large majority of buildings in the sample. However, combinative hedges are overall superior to factor hedges owing to the overriding role played by IPD indices in capturing risk. Research limitations/implications – Due to confidentiality requirements inherent to the use of property level data, the study downplays the role of micro-factors on real estate risk at the property level. Practical implications – The paper introduces a typology of optimal hedges aimed at individual property owners and portfolio holders in the City office property market. Originality/value – This is the first time a comprehensive analysis of different models of property derivatives is conducted. The value of the paper stems from the use of property level data.

Premorbid migraine history as a risk factor for vestibular and oculomotor baseline concussion assessment in pediatric athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan N. Moran ◽  
Tracey Covassin ◽  
Jessica Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Smooth Pursuit ◽  
Migraine Headache ◽  
Visual Motion ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Motion Sensitivity ◽  
Ocular Reflex ◽  
Migraine Headaches ◽  
Vestibular Ocular Reflex ◽  
History Of

OBJECTIVEMigraine history has recently been identified as a risk factor for concussion and recovery. The authors performed a cross-sectional study examining baseline outcome measures on newly developed and implemented concussion assessment tools in pediatrics. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of premorbid, diagnosed migraine headaches as a risk factor on vestibular and oculomotor baseline assessment in pediatric athletes.METHODSPediatric athletes between the ages of 8 and 14 years with a diagnosed history of migraine headache (n = 28) and matched controls without a history of diagnosed migraine headache (n = 28) were administered a baseline concussion assessment battery, consisting of the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS), near point of convergence (NPC), and the King-Devick (K-D) tests. Between-groups comparisons were performed for vestibular symptoms and provocation scores on the VOMS (smooth pursuit, saccades, convergence, vestibular/ocular reflex, visual motion sensitivity), NPC (average distance), and K-D (time).RESULTSIndividuals diagnosed with migraine headaches reported greater VOMS smooth pursuit scores (p = 0.02), convergence scores (p = 0.04), vestibular ocular reflex scores (p value range 0.002–0.04), and visual motion sensitivity scores (p = 0.009). Differences were also observed on K-D oculomotor performance with worse times in those diagnosed with migraine headache (p = 0.02). No differences were reported on NPC distance (p = 0.06) or headache symptom reporting (p = 0.07) prior to the VOMS assessment.CONCLUSIONSPediatric athletes diagnosed with migraine headaches reported higher baseline symptom provocation scores on the VOMS. Athletes with migraine headaches also performed worse on the K-D test, further illustrating the influence of premorbid migraine headaches as a risk factor for elevated concussion assessment outcomes at baseline. Special consideration may be warranted for post-concussion assessment in athletes with migraine headaches.

HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL EXPERTISE AND THE SOURCES OF THE RUSSIAN WOODEN SCULPTURE "NIKOLA MTSENSKY" ORIGINATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-100
Author(s):  
M.A. KOMOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

The purpose of the article is to present the history and the analysis of the Russian wooden sculpture “Nikola Мtsenskiy” results of the examination from Peter and Paul Cathedral in Mtsensk. For the first time, the author conducted a historical and cultural examination of this object for religious purposes. The article defines the historical and cultural context of this object existence, its veneration as a relic, the problem of comparing the “The Legend of the appearance of the miraculous icon of St. Nicholas Wonderworker in the city of Mtsensk” and the preserved sculpture. The author also examines the historical and artistic sources of origin of similar items in the culture of the medieval Moscow state. The author dates the preserved fragment of the sculpture from Mtsensk Peter and Paul Cathedral to the late 1600s.

Francis Woodleke’s Window

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon McSheffrey
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Drainage Channels ◽  
City Of London ◽  
The City

A royal enquiry was commissioned in the mid-1530s to investigate the boundaries of the sanctuary of St Martin le Grand. This enquiry was precipitated not by a problem with felonious sanctuary seekers, but instead by a conflict between the City of London and Dutch-born shoemakers making and selling their wares in St Martin’s precinct despite prohibitions against immigrant labour. The testimony in the enquiry uncovers the complexity of jurisdictional rights woven into the idea of sanctuary: battles over labour, trade, and immigration were conflated with asylum for accused felons in both attacks and defences of sanctuary privilege. The witnesses’ statements also reveal how the boundaries of the sanctuary—often marked only by convention or by drainage channels in the street—functioned in the urban environment.

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