Ophthalmoplegic Migraine: A Recurrent Demyelinating Neuropathy?

Cephalalgia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
JW Lance ◽  
AS Zagami
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Oculomotor Nerve ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Demyelinating Neuropathy ◽  
Painful Ophthalmoplegia ◽  
Ophthalmoplegic Migraine ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The demonstration by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning of thickening and enhancement of the cisternal part of the oculomotor nerve in patients diagnosed as ‘ophthalmoplegic migraine’ prompts reconsideration of this uncommon disorder. The case histories of five patients, three male and two female, varying in age from 6 to 30 years, are presented here. Recurrent painful ophthalmoplegia started in infancy in two cases, childhood in two instances and adult life in one. One child had his first attacks at 3, 5 and 12 months of age, on each occasion 10 days after an injection of triple vaccine. The possibility of this condition being a recurrent demyelinating neuropathy is considered and its possible relationship to migraine explored.

Resolution of Mri Abnormalities of the Oculomotor Nerve in Childhood Ophthalmoplegic Migraine

Cephalalgia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 655-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Prats ◽  
B Mateos ◽  
C Garaizar
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Oculomotor Nerve ◽  
Remote Memory ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Anatomic Site ◽  
Ophthalmoplegic Migraine ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Changes

Ophthalmoplegic migraine is an uncommon disorder, usually starting in older childhood. Its physiopathology remains obscure and diagnosis is reliant on clinical grounds and exclusion of other disorders. We report four cases of childhood ophthalmoplegic migraine, one of them starting in infancy. Association with other types of migraine is common. Two of the three patients studied by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed enhancement and enlargement of the cisternal portion of the oculomotor nerve, which spontaneously resolved after 2 and 4 years, respectively. Persistence of clinical recurrences was associated with long-lasting presence of the MRI finding, and possibly with mild sequelae. These radiological abnormalities suggest a common physiopathological mechanism with other inflammatory diseases, except for a benign evolution which, added to its specific anatomic site, seems to be the only neuroradiological marker, besides normality, in ophthalmoplegic migraine. The very long potential duration of MRI changes and the scarcity of clinical episodes make feasible its incident discovery once the migraine attack has become a remote memory.

Recurrent Ophthalmoplegia in Childhood: Diagnostic and Etiologic Considerations

Cephalalgia ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Østergaard ◽  
HU Møller ◽  
T Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Oculomotor Nerve ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Painful Ophthalmoplegia ◽  
Prepontine Cistern ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ophthalmoplegic Migraine ◽  
Nerve Dysfunction

We present two patients with recurrent painful ophthalmoplegia starting in early childhood. Clinically, both patients fulfilled the criteria for ophthalmoplegic migraine. In one case, magnetic resonance investigations were performed following the second attack, between the third and fourth and during the fourth attack. The left third cranial nerve was significantly thickened in its course from the brainstem through the prepontine cistern to the cavernous sinus during the attacks and moderately thickened between the attacks. In the second case, magnetic resonance imaging was performed during the 14th attack, when the oculomotor nerve dysfunction was almost permanent, and the imaging demonstrated a swollen oculomotor nerve. Whether these findings are pathognomonic of ophthalmoplegic migraine awaits further reports using magnetic resonance imaging in infants showing recurrent painful ophthalmoplegia of early onset.

Muscle Atrophy and Hypertrophy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziz Shaibani
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Demyelinating Neuropathy ◽  
Motor Neuron Diseases ◽  
Fatty Replacement ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Atrophy And Hypertrophy

Muscle atrophy is usually caused by interruption of axonal flow [axonal neuropathies, motor neuron diseases (MNDs), etc.]. If weakness is out of proportion to atrophy, demyelinating neuropathy should be suspected. Chronic myopathies and immobility also may cause atrophy, but no electromyography (EMG) evidence of denervation or myopathy is found. The pattern of atrophy is often helpful to localize the lesions. Atrophy of the interossi and preservation of the bulk of the thenar muscles suggest ulnar neuropathy, but atrophy of both would suggest a C8 or plexus pathology. Muscle enlargement may be due to fatty replacement, which can be confirmed by EMG and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or due to real muscle hypertrophy from excessive discharges (neuromyotonia).

Top-Ten Tips for Imaging the Brachial Plexus with Ultrasound and MRI

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 405-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Griffith ◽  
Radhesh Krishna Lalam
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Muscle Denervation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Neural Injury ◽  
Clinical Indications ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
High Level ◽  
Extensive Involvement

AbstractWhen it comes to examining the brachial plexus, ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are complementary investigations. US is well placed for screening most extraforaminal pathologies, whereas MRI is more sensitive and accurate for specific clinical indications. For example, MRI is probably the preferred technique for assessment of trauma because it enables a thorough evaluation of both the intraspinal and extraspinal elements, although US can depict extraforaminal neural injury with a high level of accuracy. Conversely, US is probably the preferred technique for examination of neurologic amyotrophy because a more extensive involvement beyond the brachial plexus is the norm, although MRI is more sensitive than US for evaluating muscle denervation associated with this entity. With this synergy in mind, this review highlights the tips for examining the brachial plexus with US and MRI.

Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to Determine the 3D Geometry in the Human Rectum

Endoscopy ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
BP McMahon ◽  
JB Frøkjær ◽  
A Bergmann ◽  
DH Liao ◽  
E Steffensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
3D Geometry ◽  
Human Rectum ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri
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