Laboratory investigation of the microbiological performance of ceramic water filters as household water treatment technology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rahman ◽  
M.R. Karim ◽  
Z.H. Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Laboratory Investigation ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Ceramic Water Filters ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Water Treatment Technology ◽  
Water Filters

Biosand Filter as a Household Water Treatment Technology in Ghana and its Ecobusiness Potential: An Assessment Using a Lifecycle Approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-353
Author(s):  
Jonathan N. Hogarh ◽  
Fatai A. Sowunmi ◽  
Agbola P. Oluwafemi ◽  
Philip Antwi-Agyei ◽  
Daniel Nukpezah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Biosand Filter ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Water Treatment Technology

scholarly journals Performance of black ceramic water filters and their implementation in rural Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Guerrero-Latorre ◽  
Priscila Balseca-Enriquez ◽  
Carlos Moyota-Tello ◽  
Ronald Bravo-Camino ◽  
Stephanie Davila-Chavez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Classical Model ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Ceramic Water Filters ◽  
Field Level ◽  
Water Filters

Abstract In rural Ecuador, microbial water contamination is associated with child morbidity mainly due to gastroenteritis. Black ceramic water filters (BCWF) are a new household water treatment recently developed to improve microbial removal from the classical model implemented worldwide. This study has assessed BCWF microbial performance at laboratory level by continuous filtering of spiked water with microbial surrogates (Escherichia coli and MS2 bacteriophage) and highly contaminated surface water to evaluate physicochemical pollutants' removal. At field level, baseline studies in Nanegal and Gualea districts have been performed to evaluate water quality and hygiene practices among communities and a six-month BCWF field implementation study in the Santa Marianita community. Results revealed poor drinking water quality in communities studied. Water treatment practices at household level were reported in low percentages. Conversely, results in BCWF filter assays at laboratory level for 600 litres of usage have shown 5.36 logarithms of bacterial removal and 3.83 logarithms for viral removal and significant reductions of physicochemical pollutants considering international standards. BCWF implementation in the Santa Marianita community reveals promising results on microbial water quality in households using this new technology. However, it is important to reinforce correct BCWF maintenance for better performance at field level.

scholarly journals Potential of ceramic and biosand water filters as low-cost point-of-use water treatment options for household use in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebele Erhuanga ◽  
Maingaila Moono Banda ◽  
Doutimiye Kiakubu ◽  
Isah Bolaji Kashim ◽  
Bioye Ogunjobi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Filter Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Water Filters

Abstract Many households in Nigeria lack access to safe drinking water. Sixty-three percent (63%) of the nation's population live in rural areas where only 3% of households have access to safely managed drinking water. This suggests an urgent need for intervention to offer sustainable solutions to drinking water needs at household levels. An operational research was commissioned by the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Nigeria to generate evidence to inform and guide Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) programming on household water quality. This involved an assessment of local manufacturing of household water filters; factors influencing social acceptability and market opportunities for clay and biosand water filters in Nigeria. Implementation of the research recommendations by the filter factories resulted in improved bacterial removal efficiency (>97%) in filters. Factors such as filter design and efficiency were shown to influence acceptability of filters, which influenced the price at which users were willing to pay for the filters in the study areas. The market research indicated low popularity of the filters due to lack of promotion and marketing of the water filters. The research outcomes show great potential for sustainability and marketability of clay and biosand water filters for household water treatment in Nigeria.

Virus Filtration in Porous Iron (III) Oxide Doped Ceramic Water Filters

2015 ◽  
Vol 1132 ◽  
pp. 284-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia H. Tsao ◽  
Karen A. Malatesta ◽  
Nicolas E. Anuku ◽  
Winston O. Soboyejo
Keyword(s):  
Underground Water ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Porous Iron ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Ceramic Water Filters ◽  
Household Water ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Water Filters

The consumption of microbially - and virally - contaminated water is a pressing health issue in developing nations. The concentration of surface and underground water is often responsible for a high incidence of diarrheal diseases, especially among children under the age of five years [1]. Ceramic water filters (CWFs) have been proposed as a household water treatment solution. However, despite their high bacterial filtration efficiency [2], existing CWFs cannot yet effectively remove viruses from water. Using MS2 bacteriophage as a model for human enteric viruses, this work explores the effect of doping CWFs with goethite (FeOOH) on the removal of viruses from contaminated waters. Fe-CWFs were found to remove bacteriophage from challenged water at significantly higher efficiencies than the control CWF. Filters composed of 60:40 ceramic:sawdust volume ratios and doped with different amounts of FeOOH were studied. A Fe-CWF containing 24.9 wt% Fe2O3removed a mean of 1.93 log (98.83%) of MS2. The efficiency of viral filtration decreased significantly when the pH of the challenged water deviated from neutral (pH 5.9, 8.7 and 10.2). In addition, all Fe-CWFs tested removed more than 3 log (99.9%) of bacteria.

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