scholarly journals Cost optimal investment in energy efficiency measures and energy supply system in a neighbourhood in Norway

2021 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 05005
Author(s):  
Harald Taxt Walnum ◽  
Marius Bagle ◽  
Åse Lekang Sørensen ◽  
Selamawit Mamo Fufa
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Optimal Investment ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Energy Supply System ◽  
Energy Efficiency Measures ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
The Cost

Building renovation is a key measure to reduce energy consumption and Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and ease the transition to a fully renewable energy system. This paper applies the IEA EBC Annex 75 methodology for investigating the cost optimal and environmental trade-off between investment in energy efficiency measures on the building envelope and energy supply, on a residential neighbourhood in Norway. Combination of different energy efficiency measures and energy supply systems are investigated with an optimal investment model. The cost and environmental impact of the combinations are evaluated. An important outcome is that within the evaluated combinations, the choice of energy supply system has little impact on the cost effectiveness of the energy efficiency measures. However, it has a significant impact on the GHG emissions. The results also highlight the importance of performing energy efficiency measures in coordination with other renovating measures, both regarding cost effectiveness and environmental impact. The results will not give a finite answer to what is the best solution but serves at a useful set of inputs for overall evaluations.

An analysis of the cost-effectiveness of energy efficiency measures and factors affecting their implementation: a case study of Thai sugar industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumate Sathitbun-anan ◽  
Bundit Fungtammasan ◽  
Mirko Barz ◽  
Boonrod Sajjakulnukit ◽  
Suthum Pathumsawad
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Energy Efficiency Measures ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals INTEGRATED ENERGY SUPPLY SYSTEM WITH THE USE OF VENTILATION SYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Stepanenko ◽  
Y. Veremiichuk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Power Supply System ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Energy Supply System ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

The implementation of an integrated energy supply system is an effective way to increase energy efficiency, reduce CO2 emissions and increase the use of renewable energy, as well as provide opportunities for energy production, conversion and storage in interconnected infrastructures for energy system operators and consumers. Also, increasing the level of energy efficiency of the energy supply system is one of the important strategies to slow down the growth of demand and mitigate the negative impact on health, the economy and the environment. The article considers the integrated use of energy, the introduction of energy hubs as part of future energy networks and proposes a schematic diagram of an integrated energy supply system. The article presents the results of modeling and computational experiment of ventilation and air conditioning systems in the integrated power supply system, taking into account the technical and operational characteristics of SES, regulatory and technical documents and building codes. According to the results of the study, it is established that the schedule of SES generation and the schedule of electricity consumption by ventilation and air conditioning systems are similar, which leads to a reduction in operating costs and a reduction in the load on the building's power supply system. The scientific substantiation of the integration of the energy storage system into the energy supply structure has been further developed, which will ensure the reliability of the power supply and the efficiency of the solar power plant.

scholarly journals Implementation of the Energy Efficiency Directive: Opportunities and Challenges

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zīgurs ◽  
U. Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Target Energy ◽  
End Use ◽  
Optimum Solution ◽  
Energy Utilities

Abstract Discussions in Latvia are ongoing regarding the optimum solution to implementing Directive 2012/27/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on energy efficiency, amending Directives 2009/125/EC and 2010/30/EU and repealing Directives 2004/8/EC and 2006/32/EC (Directive 2012/27/EU). Without a doubt, increased energy efficiency contributes significantly to energy supply security, competitive performance, increased quality of life, reduced energy dependence and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, Directive 2012/27/EU should be implemented with careful planning, evaluating every aspect of the process. This study analyses a scenario, where a significant fraction of target energy efficiency is achieved by obliging energy utilities to implement user-end energy efficiency measures. With implementation of this scheme towards energy end-use savings, user payments for energy should be reduced; on the other hand, these measures will require considerable investment. The energy efficiency obligation scheme stipulates that these investments must be paid by energy utilities; however, they will actually be covered by users, because the source of energy utilities’ income is user payments for energy. Thus, expenses on such measures will be included in energy prices and service tariffs. The authors analyse the ways to achieve a balance between user gains from energy end-use savings and increased energy prices and tariffs as a result of obligations imposed upon energy utilities. Similarly, the suitability of the current regulatory regime for effective implementation of Directive 2012/27/EU is analysed in the energy supply sectors, where supply tariffs are regulated.

scholarly journals THE MULTICRITERIA ASSESSMENT MODEL FOR AN ENERGY SUPPLY SYSTEM OF A LOW ENERGY HOUSE / MAŽAENERGIO PASTATO APRŪPINIMO ENERGIJA DAUGIATIKSLIO VERTINIMO MODELIS

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasa Džiugaitė-Tumėnienė ◽  
Vilūnė Lapinskienė
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Energy Supply System ◽  
Simulation And Optimization ◽  
Multicriteria Assessment

Researches on efficient energy supply in new buildings are significant for implementation of energy performance targets for buildings, aiming to increase energy efficiency as well as the share of renewable energy in the total balance of consumed energy and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to the environment. Many studies suggest integrated assessment methods that combine building energy simulation and optimization methods. However, optimal solutions for case studies are based only on quantitative criteria (energy technical, environmental and economic). Therefore, such an approach is not sufficient to achieve the optimal building energy supply system in respect of the quantitative and qualitative criteria. The presented multicriteria assessment model for an energy supply system of a low energy house allows determining the optimal combination of technologies for a building energy supply system (BESS). Six variants of building constructions and fifteen combinations of BESS for each variant were analysed. Energy efficiency, environmental impact, economic rationality, comfort and system functionality were considered key criteria for optimal decision making. The results showed that the optimal solution for low energy and passive houses in Lithuania and other cold climate countries is the building envelope that corresponds to characteristics of energy efficiency class A+ and the BESS combination, consisting of a wood boiler and electricity from the national electricity grid. Mažaenergio pastato efektyvaus aprūpinimo energija tyrimai yra svarbūs įgyvendinant pastatų energinio naudingumo tikslus, siekiant padidinti energijos vartojimo efektyvumą ir atsinaujinančiųjų išteklių energijos dalį bendrajame suvartojamos energijos balanse, taip pat sumažinti šiltnamio efektą sukeliančių dujų emisijas. Atliekant tyrimus taikomi integruoto vertinimo metodai, siejantys pastato energinį modeliavimą ir optimizavimą, nustatantys racionalius sprendinius tik pagal kiekybinius kriterijus (energinius, techninius, ekologinius ir ekonominius). Tokio požiūrio nepakanka siekiant įdiegti racionalią pastato aprūpinimo energija sistemą kiekybinių ir kokybinių kriterijų atžvilgiu. Straipsnyje pateikiamas mažaenergio pastato aprūpinimo energija daugiatikslio vertinimo modelis, kuriuo remiantis iš pasirinktų šešių pastato konstrukcijų variantų ir jiems numatytų 15 PAES technologijų derinių nustatytas racionalus PAES technologijų derinys, vertinimo kriterijais imant energinį efektyvumą, poveikį aplinkai, ekonominį racionalumą, sukuriamą komfortą ir sistemos funkcionalumą. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad, Lietuvoje ir panašaus klimato šalyse įgyvendinant mažaenergiams ir pasyviems vienbučiams namams keliamus reikalavimus, racionalus sprendinys yra pastato atitvaros, atitinkančios A+ energinio naudingumo klasės reikalavimus, su PAES deriniu, kurį sudaro biologinio kuro (malkų) katilas ir iš nacionalinių elektros tinklų tiekiama elektros energija.

scholarly journals Justification of Parameters of the Energy Supply System of Agricultural Enterprises with Using Wind Power Installations

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 06001
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Tryhuba ◽  
Oleg Bashynsky ◽  
Taras Hutsol ◽  
Anna Rozkosz ◽  
Olha Prokopova
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Computer Experiments ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Energy Supply System ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Power Installations

The methodology is proposed and the simulation model of functioning of the energy supply system of agricultural enterprises using wind power installations is developed, which enables to solve the problem of justification of the parameters of the relevant system. The model of the energy supply system of an agricultural enterprise using wind power is developed, which is based on the method of stochastic simulation and provides justification of the parameters of this system by the cost criterion. On the basis of passive production experiments, the study of the natural-industrial conditions of energy supply of agricultural enterprises using the wind power installations for the conditions of Zhovkva district of Lviv region was performed. Computer experiments were carried out using the developed simulation model of functioning of the energy supply system of agricultural enterprises using wind power installations. On the example of the natural and production conditions of Zhovkva district of Lviv region, system functional indicators of the energy supply system of agricultural enterprises with the use of wind power installations are established. The tendencies of change in the cost of utilized energy for changes in parameters of the energy supply system of an agricultural enterprise using wind energy and the share of its replacement are justified.

Feasibility Assessment of a Grid-Connected Carbon-Neutral Community in Midland, Texas

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Archan Shah ◽  
Nicholas Engler ◽  
Moncef Krarti
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Electricity Price ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Energy Efficiency Measures ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Carbon Neutral ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Midland, Texas is one of the fastest-growing urban population centers in the country and has one of the lowest costs of electricity. This study aims to assess the potential of a grid-connected carbon-neutral community in an oil-rich city using energy efficiency measures and hybrid distributed generation (DG) systems. The community consists mostly of residential buildings including detached homes and apartment buildings. Moreover, a cost-optimization analysis of various DG technologies is carried out to meet both electrical and thermal loads of the community in Midland. The energy efficiency measures are selected for two main objectives: (i) reduce the total energy needs and (ii) electrify most of the buildings within the community. Improvement of heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems and their controls are the main energy efficiency measures considered for all the buildings part of the community. DG systems are constrained by the renewable energy resources identified to be prevalent within the site of the community. It is found that photovoltaic (PV) systems are the most cost-effective, while wind and combined heat and power (CHP) would not be competitive compared to the current grid energy prices. Specifically, the optimization results indicate that PV, when implemented on a large scale, can provide adequate power to meet the energy needs of the community while also meeting carbon neutrality. A PV system size of 3400 kW is found to be required for the grid-connected community to be carbon neutral. While under this scenario a 100% reduction in carbon emissions is technically feasible, the cost of energy is estimated to be $0.194/kWh, almost double the current grid electricity price. However, if the capital cost of PV is decreased by 70% from its current level, the cost of energy due to the DG addition can be reduced significantly. In particular, a 1050-kW PV system was found to reduce the cost of energy below the grid electricity price of $0.10/kWh and achieves 31% reduction in carbon emissions for the community. Moreover, the 70% reduction in PV capital costs allows the carbon-neutral design for the community to be a cost-competitive solution with the grid.

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