scholarly journals Seasonal storage of residential exhaust air and sewage waste heat

2021 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 06009
Author(s):  
Janne Hirvonen ◽  
Juha Jokisalo ◽  
Risto Kosonen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pump ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Sewage Waste

Most Finnish residential buildings have been built before ventilation heat recovery options became mandatory. Exhaust air heat pumps are an effective way to reduce emissions, but they cannot cover all heating demand. Ground-source heat pumps can be designed to meet all loads, but they require corresponding amounts of space both above and below ground. This simulation study combines residential ventilation and sewage waste heat with a ground-source heat pump system to improve system sustainability and cost-effectiveness. A hybrid waste heat and ground-source heat pump system was shown to have 20% lower life cycle costs compared to a pure ground-source heat pump system. It also maintained sustainable ground temperature levels over the long term, while reducing above-ground space requirements by 95%.

scholarly journals Long-Term Performance Measurement and Analysis of a Small-Scale Ground Source Heat Pump System

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4527
Author(s):  
Hao Liu ◽  
Hongyi Zhang ◽  
Saqib Javed
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pump ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Seasonal Performance

Recent data suggest that heat pumps, despite having the potential to cover over 90% of the global space and water heating demands, only provide less than 5% of global heating. Heat pumps, in general, and ground source heat pumps, specifically, offer significant potential for energy savings and carbon emissions reduction in buildings. The realization of these potential benefits, however, requires proper design, installation, and operation of the entire heat pump system. This paper presents the performance analysis of a Swedish ground source heat pump system providing space heating and hot water to a sports clubhouse. The installation has been carefully instrumented to enable full characterization of the whole system including auxiliary components such as circulation pumps and supplementary heating. Seasonal performance factors, calculated for monthly and annual periods using high-quality, high-resolution measurement data collected over three years of system operation, have been reported based on the SEPEMO (SEasonal PErformance factor and MOnitoring for heat pump systems) and Annex 52 boundary schemes for evaluating and benchmarking the performance of the ground source heat pump system. The auxiliary system components were shown to have a large impact on the overall performance of the system. In particular, the legionella protection system was found to affect performance considerably. Recommendations as to how to improve the performance of the system under study and other similar systems are made from the design, installation, and operation perspectives.

Study on Ground Source Heat Pump System of Combined Office and Residential Building in Hot Summer and Warm Winter Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 732-733 ◽  
pp. 564-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Ning Hu ◽  
Ya Zhao Liu ◽  
Jun Lin ◽  
Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pump ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Warm Winter ◽  
Ground Source

A ground source heat pump system of combined office and residential buildings in hot summer and warm winter region is introduced. The system performance is studied through the experiment, and the performance of underground heat balance is analyzed by TRNSYS. The results show the superiority and applicability of the ground source heat pump system.

scholarly journals Selection and techno-economic analysis of hybrid ground source heat pumps used in karst regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042092168
Author(s):  
Weisong Zhou ◽  
Peng Pei ◽  
Ruiyong Mao ◽  
Haibin Qian ◽  
Yanbing Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pump ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Heat Buildup

In order to take advantage of different forms of heat pumps and to mitigate thermal imbalance underground caused by long-term operation of ground source heat pumps, hybrid ground source heat pump systems have received an increasing attention. In this research, based on the fact that abundant groundwater resources are commonly available in karst regions, a new strategy is introduced for selecting and determining hybrid ground source heat pump capacity. Five scenarios of hybrid ground source heat pump system coupling groundwater source heat pumps with other supplementary heat pumps are proposed in this article to provide appropriate options to eliminate heat buildup under different hydrogeologic conditions. Methodologies for sizing and selection are established. Then, a case study of techno-economic analysis was performed for a project in the karst region in South China. The results showed that these scenarios can effectively mitigate heat buildup, and under the hydrogeologic condition in the case study. Compared to the solo ground-coupled heat pump solution, the optimal solution (Solution 4 in this study) can reduce the annual costs by 16.10% and reduce the capital investment by 60%. Methodologies developed in this study are beneficial for selecting appropriate approaches to mitigate heat buildup and enhance competitiveness of ground source heat pumps.

scholarly journals Measurement and Verification of Integrated Ground Source Heat Pumps on a Shared Ground Loop

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Soo Shin ◽  
Jong Woo Park ◽  
Sean Hay Kim
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Geothermal System ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pump ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Water Service ◽  
Ground Source

We propose an integrated geothermal system that consists of air-conditioning and hot water service ground source heat pumps, both of which share a ground water loop. The proposed system increases the COP of the service hot water ground source heat pump by recovering the condensation heat of the air-conditioning ground source heat pump as an evaporator heat source for the hot water service ground source heat pump. Eventually this integration expands the scope and capacity of the evaporator source in addition to the underground water of heat exchangers, which also leads to increase the COP of the air-conditioning ground source heat pump. The integrated geothermal heat pump system was installed in a hotel, and then data were measured for a limited period due to the hotel’s ongoing business activities. A TRNSYS simulation model has been developed as a baseline, and the baseline has been calibrated with the measured data. By running one-year simulations, it turns out that the annual electricity use for heating and cooling, and service hot water was reduced by 19.1% in the cooling season, and by 9.6% in the heating season, with respect to the conventional configuration in which the air-conditioning heat pump and hot water service heat pump work individually on their own ground loops.

scholarly journals Measured Performance of a Mixed-Use Commercial-Building Ground Source Heat Pump System in Sweden

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Spitler ◽  
Signhild Gehlin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pump ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Seasonal Performance

When the new student center at Stockholm University in Sweden was completed in the fall of 2013 it was thoroughly instrumented. The 6300 m2 four-story building with offices, a restaurant, study lounges, and meeting rooms was designed to be energy efficient with a planned total energy use of 25 kWh/m2/year. Space heating and hot water are provided by a ground source heat pump (GSHP) system consisting of five 40 kW off-the-shelf water-to-water heat pumps connected to 20 boreholes in hard rock, drilled to a depth of 200 m. Space cooling is provided by direct cooling from the boreholes. This paper uses measured performance data from Studenthuset to calculate the actual thermal performance of the GSHP system during one of its early years of operation. Monthly system coefficients-of-performance and coefficients-of-performance for both heating and cooling operation are presented. In the first months of operation, several problems were corrected, leading to improved performance. This paper provides long-term measured system performance data from a recently installed GSHP system, shows how the various system components affect the performance, presents an uncertainty analysis, and describes how some unanticipated consequences of the design may be ameliorated. Seasonal performance factors (SPF) are evaluated based on the SEPEMO (“SEasonal PErformance factor and MOnitoring for heat pump systems”) boundary schema. For heating (“H”), SPFs of 3.7 ± 0.2 and 2.7 ± 0.13 were obtained for boundaries H2 and H3, respectively. For cooling (“C”), a C2 SPF of 27 ± 5 was obtained. Results are compared to measured performance data from 55 GSHP systems serving commercial buildings that are reported in the literature.

Evaluation of Ground Source Heat Pump Energy, Demand, and Greenhouse Potential in Colorado Residential Buildings

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Studer ◽  
Moncef Krarti
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Pump Energy ◽  
Hvac Systems ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pump ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Vertical Well ◽  
Ground Source

This paper summarizes the results of a detailed energy analysis carried out for a typical Colorado residence using three different HVAC systems for 10 distinct locations in Colorado. The HVAC systems considered in the analysis include: • 78% efficient furnace with a 13 SEER air conditioner; • Vertical well ground source heat pump with a heating COP of 3.5 and a cooling EER of 17.1; • Slinky ground source heat pump with a heating COP of 3.5 and a cooling EER of 17.1. The results of the analysis indicate that relative to the conventional systems, ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) offer several benefits including lower annual energy costs, electrical peak demand, and carbon emissions. However, GSHPs use more electrical energy use. Specifically, it was found that relative to a 78 AFUE furnace / 13 SEER AC system, in all locations both GSHPs, vertical well and slinky, show on average a 41.2% increase in electricity use, a 10% decrease in energy cost, a 4.5% decrease in CO2 emissions, and a 16.8% average decrease in peak summer electric demand.

scholarly journals Seasonal evaluation of heat pump system for building heating and ventilation – a case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 00014
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bugaj ◽  
Maciej Miniewicz
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pump ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Central Heating ◽  
Ground Source

This paper presents results obtained from seasonal evaluation of ground source heat pump (GSHP) and exhaust air heat pump (EAHP) systems used for heating and ventilation of a school building. A Matlab simulation program was developed with models of the following elements: the building thermal performance, central heating and ventilation installations, the ground source heat pump with the ground source heat exchanger and exhaust air heat pumps in air handling units. The system based exclusively on the GSHP attaining all heating needs of the central heating and ventilation installations was compared with the combined system of the GSHP and the EAHP. The analysis was based on hourly calculations of all energy capacities and COPs as well as seasonal performance factors. In addition, the energy ratings in terms of seasonal usage of delivered, renewable, auxiliary and primary energy were performed. Those energy ratings enabled the estimation of seasonal CO2 emissions in all analysed systems. The combined application of the GSHP and the EAHP in the building gave the lowest values of primary energy consumption and CO2 emissions among all considered systems.

Performance Considerations for Ground Source Heat Pumps in Cold Climates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robbin Garber-Slaght
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Cold Climates ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Soil Temperatures

Abstract Remote, cold climates present challenges to finding safe and affordable space heating options. In Alaska, residential ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) have been gaining in popularity, even though there is little research on their long-term performance or their effect on soil temperatures. The extended heating season and cold soils of Alaska provide a harsh testing ground for GSHPs, even those designed and marketed for colder climates. The large and unbalanced heating load in cold climates creates a challenging environment for GSHPs. In 2013 the Cold Climate Housing Research Center (CCHRC) installed a GSHP at its Research and Testing Facility (RTF) in Fairbanks, Alaska. The heat pump replaced an oil-fired condensing boiler heating an office space via in-floor hydronic radiant piping. The ground heat exchanger (GHE) was installed in moisture-rich silty soils underlain with 0°C permafrost. The intent of the project was to observe and monitor the system over a 10-year period to develop a better understanding of the performance of GSHPs in sites with permafrost and to help inform future design. As of this writing, the heat pump system has been running for eight heating seasons. The efficiency in those eight heating seasons has been variable with ups and downs that have been difficult to explain. This paper seeks to understand the variability in performance as well as make recommendations for GSHP use in other cold climates.

Assessment of the Potential of Installing Space Cooling-Only Ground Source Heat Pumps in a Tropical Country

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Camelot Cardoza ◽  
Guillermo Xavier Francia ◽  
Luis Aaron Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Energy Modeling ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pump ◽  
Tropical Country ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Ground Source

The present article examines the technical, economic and environmental feasibility of installing a cooling-only ground source heat pump in a tropical country. The study is based on an existing university building at Universidad Centroamericana in El Salvador. The building was modeled using an energy simulation program in order to characterize its energy performance and compare the energy efficiency of the proposed ground source heat pump system to a conventional direct expansion system. In addition to standard energy modeling, a finite-element model was also developed in order to determine ground temperature distribution and heat island effects due to the ground source heat pump system. Modeling results predicted that the proposed system would reduce energy consumption by 23% annually, compared to a conventional system. Additional cost savings, associated with a reduction in maintenance and replacement costs, reduce operational costs by 37% over the life of the project. The proposed design was also optimized using energy modeling and a first cost estimate was obtained. An economic analysis predicted that the simple payback period of the system would be on the order of six years. The paper analyzes the technical, economic and environmental advantages of the concept and the potential barriers for implementation.

scholarly journals Performance of heat pump system for water heating in European climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 03006
Author(s):  
Yauheni Kachalouski ◽  
Matuška Tomáš
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pump ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Domestic Hot Water ◽  
European Climate ◽  
Operation Costs ◽  
Ground Source

A performance of air-to-water and brine-to-water heat pump for domestic hot water preparation was analyzed in different climates of Europe. Air-source heat pumps are widely used energy source for domestic applications with low operation costs. Their system SPF was found at level of 3.0 for domestic hot water preparation for medium latitudes in Europe. Investigations on the ground-source heat pump performance show their average SPF are close to air-source technology.

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