scholarly journals Investigating peat deposits with ground-penetrating radar – a case study of drained bogs in Western Siberia, Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 12007
Author(s):  
Anna Sinyutkina
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Peat Deposit ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Peat Accumulation ◽  
Raised Bogs ◽  
Peat Deposits ◽  
Key Sites ◽  
Ground Penetrating

This paper deals with the assessment of the peat deposit transformation of two drained raised bogs (the Bakchar bog drained for forestry and the Ust-Bakchar bog drained for peat extraction) within the Western Siberian taiga zone. Specifically, the objectives of this study were to: 1) characterise the peat deposits of key sites with the use of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and manual data; 2) estimate the spatial differentiation of modern peat accumulation rates at the microhabitat level. We used the GPR system “OKO-2” with 250, 700, and 1700 MHz shielded antennas and a displacement sensor. We concluded that the use of this GPR complex allowed the assessment of the total depth of the peat deposit, the depth of the fibric peat layer, and the thickness of the layer formed after drainage. We paid attention to defining the patterns of layers formed at depth after drainage within hummocks or hollow microhabitats. The peat accumulation after drainage was not continual throughout all mire surface, which was most typical for plots of the Ust-Bakchar bog. The modern peat accumulation increased 1.3–2.2 times from hollows to hummocks and it was 2–4 times higher within the Bakchar bog than in the Ust-Bakchar bog.

scholarly journals Characterization of peat deposit using ground penetrating radar: Survey experiments and data interpretation

2021 ◽  
Vol 928 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
A A Sinyutkina
Keyword(s):  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Peat Deposit ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Peat Accumulation ◽  
Raised Bogs ◽  
Peat Deposits ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Abstract The paper deals with the possibilities of different wave frequency antennae applications for estimation of the depth of peat deposits and detection of peat layers with different physical characteristics. We employed a GPR system “OKO-2” (“Logical systems”, Russia) with 250 MHz, 700 MHz, and 1700 MHz shielded antennae. The surveys were conducted in 2017–2019 within the pristine and drained raised bogs and swamp forest in the south taiga subzone of Western Siberia to assess the spatial differentiation of the peat deposit and the modern peat accumulation rate within drained bogs. The peculiarities of field surveying, GPR data processing and interpretation are shown. Based on GPR data analysis the influence zone of Bakchar bog and modern peat accumulation within drained bogs were assessed. We noted that the Bakchar bog has a vast zone of influence reaching 700 m from the bog border where peat accumulation is observed. The modern peat accumulation is observed within Bakchar the bog. Drained sites of Ust-Bakchar bog are characterised by the absent peat accumulation or degradation of the peat deposits.

scholarly journals Spatial differentiation and temporal dynamics of drained raised bogs in Western Siberia

2021 ◽  
Vol 333 ◽  
pp. 02015
Author(s):  
Anna Sinyutkina
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Raised Bogs ◽  
Normalised Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Key Sites ◽  
Landsat Satellite

This study analysed the influence of drainage on the vegetation cover of raised bogs in the taiga zone of Western Siberia. The study was based on a temporal analysis of Landsat satellite imagery data using the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) for the period from 1975–2020. We investigated four key sites within drained raised bogs. The analysis was not carried out using absolute NDVI values; rather, the ratio of the NDVI values of drained bogs to the NDVI values of a similar pristine bog was used. Four stages of the vegetation dynamics of drained bogs were determined. In the first stage, including the period before drainage, the NDVI values were close to those of the pristine site, which confirms that there are similar conditions before drainage. The second stage, from 1989–2001(2002), is characterised by a decrease in NDVI values relative to the pristine bog. This was probably due to the degradation of moss vegetation, which is a sensitive indicator of a decrease in the water table level in the absence of a significant growth of the tree layer. Furthermore, since the 2000s, there has been an increase in the NDVI values and they have stabilised at the level of a pristine bog.

Ground penetrating radar of northern lacustrine deltas

1991 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1939-1947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry M. Jol ◽  
Derald G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Sedimentary Environments ◽  
Peat Deposits ◽  
Big Picture ◽  
Sand And Gravel ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) was used in several selected deltaic sedimentary environments to better understand subsurface stratigraphy and reconstruct former depositional environments. The profiles provide high-resolution, continuous subsurface data on facies thickness and depths, orientation of major sedimentary structures, postdepositional failure planes, and depth of peat deposits.Field experiments were carried out on six river deltas. Records from four of the deltas exhibit sedimentary facies; a record from one delta shows a possible slump; and records from another delta reveal the thickness and stratigraphic relationships of peat deposits. The delta types are (i) sandy, wave influenced; (ii) sandy, immature wave influenced (steeper middle and lower shoreface); (iii) sandy braided; and (iv) gravelly, fan–foreset.In areas of limited subsurface control (stratigraphic logs from drill core, cutbank exposure, or geophysical logs), radar profiles can provide ''big picture'' perspectives of the subsurface, a view only available in laterally extensive exposures. High-resolution profiles of subsurface stratigraphy and sedimentary facies from GPR provide an opportunity for geomorphologists and sedimentologists to further advance field research. Although GPR has limited success in silt and clay, results from sand and gravel deposits often reveal detailed facies assemblages.

REFLECTION COEFFICIENT OF AN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE IN CONDUCTIVE MEDIA

2018 ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
M. S. Sudakova ◽  
M. L. Vladov ◽  
M. R. Sadurtdinov
Keyword(s):  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Direct And Inverse Problems ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Ideal Dielectric

Within the ground penetrating radar bandwidth the medium is considered to be an ideal dielectric, which is not always true. Electromagnetic waves reflection coefficient conductivity dependence showed a significant role of the difference in conductivity in reflection strength. It was confirmed by physical modeling. Conductivity of geological media should be taken into account when solving direct and inverse problems, survey design planning, etc. Ground penetrating radar can be used to solve the problem of mapping of halocline or determine water contamination.

Deteksi Bentuk Objek Bawah Tanah Menggunakan Pengolahan Citra B-Scan pada Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Rahmayati Alindra ◽  
Heroe Wijanto ◽  
Koredianto Usman
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Data Survey ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) adalah salah satu jenis radar yang digunakan untuk menyelidiki kondisi di bawah permukaan tanah tanpa harus menggali dan merusak tanah. Sistem GPR terdiri atas pengirim (transmitter), yaitu antena yang terhubung ke generator sinyal dan bagian penerima (receiver), yaitu antena yang terhubung ke LNA dan ADC yang kemudian terhubung ke unit pengolahan data hasil survey serta display sebagai tampilan output-nya dan post  processing untuk alat bantu mendapatkan informasi mengenai suatu objek. GPR bekerja dengan cara memancarkan gelombang elektromagnetik ke dalam tanah dan menerima sinyal yang dipantulkan oleh objek-objek di bawah permukaan tanah. Sinyal yang diterima kemudian diolah pada bagian signal processing dengan tujuan untuk menghasilkan gambaran kondisi di bawah permukaan tanah yang dapat dengan mudah dibaca dan diinterpretasikan oleh user. Signal processing sendiri terdiri dari beberapa tahap yaitu A-Scan yang meliputi perbaikan sinyal dan pendektesian objek satu dimensi, B-Scan untuk pemrosesan data dua dimensi  dan C-Scan untuk pemrosesan data tiga dimensi. Metode yang digunakan pada pemrosesan B-Scan salah satunya adalah dengan  teknik pemrosesan citra. Dengan pemrosesan citra, data survey B-scan diolah untuk didapatkan informasi mengenai objek. Pada penelitian ini, diterapkan teori gradien garis pada pemrosesan citra B-scan untuk menentukan bentuk dua dimensi dari objek bawah tanah yaitu persegi, segitiga atau lingkaran. 

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