scholarly journals An overview of Persian Gulf environmental pollutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 03013
Author(s):  
Majid Khazali ◽  
Lobat Taghavi
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
The Status ◽  
Vulnerable Habitats ◽  
The Persian Gulf

Aquatic environments are among the most vulnerable habitats that affect all Organisms. The Persian Gulf is home to numerous plant and animal species, and the biological safety is at risk due to its numerous human activities. Traffic of numerous oil and commercial vessels in the area, waste water, desalination, proximity of numerous industrial, refinery and petrochemical units to shores and rivers, oil rigs, fishing, and tourism activities are potential hazards to the environment and should lead to severe chemicals and physicals pollution into the Persian Gulf ecosystem. All this while the Persian Gulf is highly vulnerable due to various natural in the reason of such as low water circulation due to isolation, high evaporation, and low water depth. In this article, previous studies on the status of pollutants in the Persian Gulf have been reviewed. Much of the research on Persian Gulf pollution has focused on hydrocarbons and heavy metals. However, according to recent research, the amounts of these pollutants have been lower than the allowed levels. Also, further research into the impacts of plastics and microplastics on the Persian Gulf ecosystem should be undertaken.

Spatial distribution, enrichment and geo-accumulation of heavy metals in surface sediments near urban and industrial areas in the Persian Gulf

2019 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 130-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Seifi ◽  
Amir Hossein Mahvi ◽  
Seyed Yaser Hashemi ◽  
Hossein Arfaeinia ◽  
Hasan Pasalari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Industrial Areas ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Geo Accumulation

The Iraqi–Iranian Dispute and the Situation of Their Armies on the Eve of the War

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pesach Malovany ◽  
Amatzia Baram ◽  
Kevin M. Woods ◽  
Ronna Englesberg
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The Status ◽  
Hormuz Strait ◽  
The Persian Gulf

The chapter deals with the Iraqi-Iranian dispute in the 20th century. Its origins and development and the superpowers involvement in this conflict. The continuous border clashes between the two countries and the Iranian growing involvement in internal Iraqi issues. It deals with the problem of control on the Shatt al-Arab river and the Iranian control of the Hormuz strait in the Persian Gulf. It describes the deterioration in the situation after the deposition of the shah and the establishment of the Islamic regime of Khomeini (February 1979). It describes also the status of the armed forces of both countries—ground forces, air and naval forces—on the eve of the war between them, and their strength and capabilities.

Species composition and distribution of Alcyonacea (Octocorallia) in the northern Persian Gulf

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Shemshad Shahbazi ◽  
Nasrin Sakhaei ◽  
Hossein Zolgharnein ◽  
Catherine S. McFadden
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The North ◽  
The Status ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Species Composition And Distribution ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Rapid Ecological Assessment

Abstract Studies concerning octocoral species from the Persian Gulf coral reefs are few. This study documents the diversity and abundance of octocoral communities from three islands in the north Persian Gulf, namely, Larak Island, Hengam Island and Qeshm Island. Belt transects were used to survey the octocoral communities at these islands. We used a rapid ecological assessment technique (REA) to assess the status and abundance of octocorals. Also, K Independent sample analysis was conducted on abundance and Shannon Diversity index data to determine if octocoral abundance and species diversity varied between islands. A total of 22 morphospecies, belonging to seven alcyonacean families, including Plexauridae, Ellisellidae, Alcyoniidae, Nephtheidae, Briareidae, Acanthogorgiidae and Subergorgiidae, were identified in this study. Statistical analysis indicated octocoral abundance and diversity at Larak Island reefs were higher than those around Hengam and Qeshm islands. The primary data presented in this study could serve as the baseline data for long-term biomonitoring programmes to estimate the status of octocorals in the Persian Gulf.

Determination of heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cu, Ni and Pb) in croacker fish (Johnius belangerii) from Musa estuary in the Persian Gulf

2011 ◽  
pp. 460-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza safahieh ◽  
Fazel Abdolahpur Monikh ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Ronagh ◽  
Ahmad Savari ◽  
Abdolmajid Doraghi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Musa Estuary ◽  
The Persian Gulf

Bioaccumulation and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in the sediments and mullet Liza klunzingeri in the northern part of the Persian Gulf

2015 ◽  
Vol 94 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazem Darvish Bastami ◽  
Majid Afkhami ◽  
Maria Mohammadizadeh ◽  
Maryam Ehsanpour ◽  
Shahrokh Chambari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Ecological Risk Assessment ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
The Persian Gulf

Terminating Wars and Establishing Global Governance

1999 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Orend
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
International System ◽  
Persian Gulf War ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
War Termination ◽  
The Status ◽  
Theory Of War ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Creative Construction

When we think of recent armed conflicts, such as those in the Persian Gulf, Bosnia or Rwanda, we realize that one profound difficulty shared by them was how they ended. The process of war termination—of resolving successfully serious outbreaks of armed conflict between national groups—is fraught with fragility and complexity, featuring often competing claims of security and justice.Only recently have we begun to understand how crucial the issue of war termination is, with regard not only to bringing particular conflicts to an end but also to mitigating further devastations in the future. Whereas past attention focused obsessively on the beginning of war, and/or on proper conduct during wartime, it is becoming clear that the ending of war deserves equal time with regard to critical analysis, historical application and the creative construction of proposals for amelioration. There are only a handful of works on this important and topical, yet neglected, issue.This article proposes to contribute to the sparse literature by constructing a theory of war termination. The article will offer reasonable responses to questions of what constitutes justice, security and legality in the aftermath of war. The inquiry will proceed first by examining the status quo with regard to war termination, undertaking an examination of its few strengths and many weaknesses. Then, the account will fashion a more satisfactory set of laws to regulate state conduct during the immediate aftermath of a particular war. These universal and abstract norms, once constructed, will be applied to a recent and concrete case, namely, that of the lengthy termination process of the Persian Gulf War of 1991. The theory will next shift its attention away from short-term principles, regulating the endings of particular wars, towards those longer-term rules and institutional reforms required to transform the international system itself into one in which the incidence and destructiveness of war will be diminished. Before concluding, attention will be paid to defeating doubts about the laws forwarded as a plausible theory about securing justice and peace when wars end.

Determination and investigation of heavy metal concentrations in sediments of the Persian Gulf coasts and evaluation of their potential environmental risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (04) ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
Hoda Allami ◽  
Afsaneh Afzali ◽  
Rouhollah Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Coastal Sediments ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
The Persian Gulf

 The contamination of coastal sediments with toxic heavy metals caused to a serious concern due to their environmental consequences. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of heavy metals such as lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel(Ni) and manganese (Mn) in the sediments of the Persian Gulf coast in Kangan and Siraf ports in Bushehr province. In this regard, the sampling was performed in 10 stations with different uses in two depths of 0-5 and 5-20 cm along the coast of the Persian Gulf. The concentration of heavy metals was measured after drying, acid digestion and microwave by using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (F-AAS). The results showed that the average concentrations of Mn(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II) was measured 121.47, 11.51, 11.59 and 5.30 in surface sediments, and 131.59, 10.81, 12.56 and 4.88 µg g-1 in deep sediments. All analysis validated by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS).

Designing a combinational solar water desalination system and investigation of solving sedimentation of minerals with water input from the Persian Gulf

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 013702
Author(s):  
Reza Fazaeli ◽  
Mohammad Hasan AmirKalaei ◽  
Seyedsasan Ahmadi ◽  
Amir Hajarolasvadi ◽  
Ezzatolah Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
The Persian Gulf
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document