Influence of operating conditions and atomizer design on circumferential liquid distribution from small pressure-swirl atomizer

Air core is an important parameter in pressure swirl atomizer since formation of air core determines the thickness of the discharged liquid sheet and the effective flow area of nozzle discharge. This consequently will affect the coefficient of discharge and the spray angle. This study conducted for the investigation of the relation between dimensionless numbers on the air core diameter. Dimensionless numbers are helpful aid for the quantification of independent parameters involving atomizer design and operating conditions simultaneously. Reynolds number, Re and orifice-to-swirl chamber diameter ratio, N are the dimensionless numbers selected for this study. Despite of the availability of study on the effect of dimensionless numbers on air core diameter, more study requires especially for smaller N. An experimental test-rig was constructed to conduct the performance test of the atomizer. Acquired images were analyzed using image-processing software. It was found that N has more significant effect on the change of air core diameter compared to Re. However, it is observed that at Re = 40000, N = 0.07 produces almost similar air core diameter with N = 0.25 at Re < 20000. In contrast, with N = 0.5, air core diameter produces are larger even at Re < 20000. Hence, it can be concluded that both Re and N are important parameters in characterizing the air core diameter in pressure-swirl atomizer.

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A Computational Fluid Dynamics-based Correlation to Predict Droplet Sauter Mean Diameter for Σ− Yliq Atomization Model in Pressure Swirl Atomizer

European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research ◽

10.24018/ej-eng.2021.6.7.2645 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. 69-76

Author(s):

Sherry K. Amedorme ◽

Joseph Apodi

Keyword(s):

Fluid Dynamics ◽

Fuel Injection ◽

Liquid Velocity ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Sauter Mean Diameter ◽

Design Variables ◽

Mean Diameter ◽

Swirl Atomizer ◽

Pressure Swirl ◽

Pressure Swirl Atomizer

Liquid atomization is crucial to ensure efficient combustion as it is an inherent part of the injector system. The combustion of fuels relies on effective atomization to increase the surface area of the fuel and consequently achieve high rates of mixing and evaporation. Pressure swirl atomizers are inexpensive and reliable type of atomizer for fuel injection owing to its superior atomization characteristics and relatively simple geometry. The Sauter mean diameter (SMD) of atomizer contributes significantly to the combustion chamber performance. This paper presents a two-step strategy to predict droplet SMD for atomisation model in pressure swirl atomizer through the combination of experimentally validated Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Optimal Latin Hypercubes (OLHC) Design of Experiments (DoE) techniques. A three-dimensional Eulerian two-phase CFD model is developed to account for liquid and gas phases as a single continuum with high-density variation at large Reynolds and Weber numbers and validated against experimental measurements, before being employed to carry out a parametric study involving operating conditions and fluid properties of the pressure swirl atomizer. The atomizer is then represented in terms of four design variables, namely liquid viscosity, liquid velocity, surface tension and atomizer exit diameter. An 87-point OLHC DoE is constructed within the design variables space using a permutation genetic algorithm resulting in an accurate SMD prediction. Results show the newly developed SMD prediction is found to be superior compared with existing correlations and indicate significant improvement in the droplets SMD.

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INTERNAL AND NEAR-NOZZLE FLOW OF A PRESSURE-SWIRL ATOMIZER UNDER VARIED FUEL TEMPERATURE

Atomization and Sprays ◽

10.1615/atomizspr.v17.i6.30 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 529-550 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Seoksu Moon ◽

Choongsik Bae ◽

Essam F. Abo-Serie ◽

Jaejoon Choi

Keyword(s):

Nozzle Flow ◽

Fuel Temperature ◽

Swirl Atomizer ◽

Pressure Swirl ◽

Pressure Swirl Atomizer

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Study of pressure swirl atomizer with tangential input at design point and outside of design point

Physics of Fluids ◽

10.1063/5.0032174 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (12) ◽

pp. 127113

Author(s):

Kiumars Khani Aminjan ◽

Balaram Kundu ◽

D. D. Ganji

Keyword(s):

Design Point ◽

Swirl Atomizer ◽

Pressure Swirl ◽

Pressure Swirl Atomizer

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Studies on air core size in a simplex pressure-swirl atomizer

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ◽

10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.04.188 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 42 (29) ◽

pp. 18649-18657 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zhilin Liu ◽

Yong Huang ◽

Lei Sun

Keyword(s):

Core Size ◽

Air Core ◽

Swirl Atomizer ◽

Pressure Swirl ◽

Pressure Swirl Atomizer

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A Numerical Approach for the Simulation of Internal Nozzle Flow in a Pressure Swirl Atomizer Using Different Turbulent Models and Towards an Effective Inlet Weber Number

Volume 7A: Fluids Engineering Systems and Technologies ◽

10.1115/imece2013-65627 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmadreza Abbasi Baharanchi ◽

Seckin Gokaltun ◽

Shahla Eshraghi

Keyword(s):

Weber Number ◽

Computational Cost ◽

Internal Flow ◽

Numerical Approach ◽

Reynolds Stress Model ◽

Multiphase Model ◽

Vof Model ◽

Swirl Atomizer ◽

Pressure Swirl ◽

Pressure Swirl Atomizer

VOF Multiphase model is used to simulate the flow inside a pressure-swirl-atomizer. The capability of the Reynolds Stress Model and variants of the K-ε and K-ω models in modeling of turbulence has been investigated in the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software FLUENT 6.3. The Implicit scheme available in the volume-of-fluid (VOF) model is used to calculate the interface representation between phases. The atomization characteristics have been investigated as well as the influence of the inlet swirl strength of the internal flow. The numerical results have been successfully validated against experimental data available for the computed parameters. The performance of the RNG K-ε model was found to be satisfactory in reducing the computational cost and introducing an effective Weber number for the flow simulated in this study.

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