Viruserkrankungen der Reptilien in der tierärztlichen Praxis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (02) ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
Rachel E. Marschang
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Body ◽  
Pogona Vitticeps ◽  
Inclusion Body Disease

ZusammenfassungViren können bei Reptilien bedeutende Krankheitserreger sein. In den letzten Jahren wurden auch zunehmend neue Viren bei Reptilien beschrieben. Zudem gibt es immer mehr Möglichkeiten, Virusinfektionen bei Reptilien nachzuweisen. Dieser Übersichtsartikel bietet einen Überblick über häufige und bedeutende Virusinfektionen bei Reptilien, die damit assoziierten Krankheiten sowie deren Diagnose. Besprochen werden v. a. Infektionen bei Reptilien, die häufig als Haustiere gehalten werden: Schlangen und Echsen (Squamaten) sowie Land- und Wasserschildkröten. Themen bei den Squamaten sind die insbesondere bei Bartagamen (Pogona vitticeps) extrem häufig vorkommenden Adenoviren, ferner Paramyxo- und Tobaniviren (auch als Nido- oder Serpentoviren bekannt), die insbesondere bei verschiedenen Schlangenspezies schwere Atemwegserkrankungen verursachen können. Weitere Abschnitte beschäftigen sich mit Reptarenaviren, die die Einschlusskörperchenkrankheit („inclusion body disease“, IBD) der Boas und Pythons auslösen, sowie mit den v. a. bei verschiedenen Echsenspezies beschriebenen Iridoviren (inklusive der Rana-, Invertebraten-Irido- und Hemocytiviren). Bei den Schildkröten werden die Herpesviren der Land- und Wasserschildkröten separat diskutiert, ferner die vorkommenden Rana- und Picornaviren. Vertreter aller 3 dieser Virusfamilien können neben Erkrankungen des oberen Respirations- und Verdauungstrakts andere klinische Veränderungen hervorrufen (z. B. schwere Panzererweichung bei juvenilen Landschildkröten durch Picornaviren).

Mumps Virus Infection of the Pregnant Hamster

Development ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 659-665
Author(s):  
Vergil H. Ferm ◽  
Lawrence Kilham
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Inclusion Body ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Mumps Virus ◽  
Human Pregnancy ◽  
Effect Relation ◽  
Inclusion Body Disease ◽  
Selection Of

The objective of our present studies has been to follow the course of mumps virus when injected intravenously into pregnant hamsters during early stages of gestation, in order to determine possible relations to fetal disease and/or malformations. Several considerations prompted the selection of mumps virus for these investigations. One was that, while rubella (Gregg, 1941) and cytomegalic inclusion body disease (Weller & Hanshaw, 1962) have been the only two viruses shown to have a definite cause-effect relation in the etiology of human congenital malformations, there has been a continuing suspicion that mumps virus may also act as a teratogenic agent in human pregnancy (Kaye & Reaney, 1962; Blattner & Heys, 1961; Hyatt, 1961). A second reason was that mumps virus has a natural pathogenicity for hamsters (Kilham & Overman, 1953). In addition, this agent is capable of infecting women at term, the strain used in present experiments having been obtained from human milk a few days post-partum (Kilham, 1951).

scholarly journals Differential Disease Susceptibilities in Experimentally Reptarenavirus-Infected Boa Constrictors and Ball Pythons

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Stenglein ◽  
David Sanchez-Migallon Guzman ◽  
Valentina E. Garcia ◽  
Marylee L. Layton ◽  
Laura L. Hoon-Hanks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Body ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Brain Inflammation ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Inclusion Body Disease

ABSTRACT Inclusion body disease (IBD) is an infectious disease originally described in captive snakes. It has traditionally been diagnosed by the presence of large eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions and is associated with neurological, gastrointestinal, and lymphoproliferative disorders. Previously, we identified and established a culture system for a novel lineage of arenaviruses isolated from boa constrictors diagnosed with IBD. Although ample circumstantial evidence suggested that these viruses, now known as reptarenaviruses, cause IBD, there has been no formal demonstration of disease causality since their discovery. We therefore conducted a long-term challenge experiment to test the hypothesis that reptarenaviruses cause IBD. We infected boa constrictors and ball pythons by cardiac injection of purified virus. We monitored the progression of viral growth in tissues, blood, and environmental samples. Infection produced dramatically different disease outcomes in snakes of the two species. Ball pythons infected with Golden Gate virus (GoGV) and with another reptarenavirus displayed severe neurological signs within 2 months, and viral replication was detected only in central nervous system tissues. In contrast, GoGV-infected boa constrictors remained free of clinical signs for 2 years, despite high viral loads and the accumulation of large intracellular inclusions in multiple tissues, including the brain. Inflammation was associated with infection in ball pythons but not in boa constrictors. Thus, reptarenavirus infection produces inclusions and inclusion body disease, although inclusions per se are neither necessarily associated with nor required for disease. Although the natural distribution of reptarenaviruses has yet to be described, the different outcomes of infection may reflect differences in geographical origin. IMPORTANCE New DNA sequencing technologies have made it easier than ever to identify the sequences of microorganisms in diseased tissues, i.e., to identify organisms that appear to cause disease, but to be certain that a candidate pathogen actually causes disease, it is necessary to provide additional evidence of causality. We have done this to demonstrate that reptarenaviruses cause inclusion body disease (IBD), a serious transmissible disease of snakes. We infected boa constrictors and ball pythons with purified reptarenavirus. Ball pythons fell ill within 2 months of infection and displayed signs of neurological disease typical of IBD. In contrast, boa constrictors remained healthy over 2 years, despite high levels of virus throughout their bodies. This difference matches previous reports that pythons are more susceptible to IBD than boas and could reflect the possibility that boas are natural hosts of these viruses in the wild.

Boid Inclusion Body Disease in Captive Boas (Boa Constrictor) in Austria

2009 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
B. Richter ◽  
H. Eblinger ◽  
A. Kübber-Heiss
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Body ◽  
Boa Constrictor ◽  
Inclusion Body Disease

scholarly journals COLUMBID HERPESVIRUS-1 IN TWO COOPER'S HAWKS (ACCIPITER COOPERII) WITH FATAL INCLUSION BODY DISEASE

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie E. Pinkerton ◽  
James F. X. Wellehan ◽  
April J. Johnson ◽  
April J. Childress ◽  
Scott D. Fitzgerald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Body ◽  
Accipiter Cooperii ◽  
Inclusion Body Disease ◽  
Herpesvirus 1 ◽  
Cooper's Hawks

scholarly journals Antibody response in snakes with boid inclusion body disease

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. e0221863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Windbichler ◽  
Eleni Michalopoulou ◽  
Pia Palamides ◽  
Theresa Pesch ◽  
Christine Jelinek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Inclusion Body ◽  
Inclusion Body Disease
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