scholarly journals Teaching Electroencephalography: Persistent Altered Sensorium with Ominous Appearing Electroencephalographic Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 110-111
Author(s):  
Delon D'Souza ◽  
Gosala R. K. Sarma ◽  
Elizabeth V. T.
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Altered Sensorium ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Focal Encephalitis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Electroencephalographic Activity ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

AbstractA 51-year-old man presented with persistent altered sensorium following a seizure. His magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed features of focal encephalitis involving the left temporal, parietal, and occipital regions. His electroencephalogram (EEG) showed ongoing epileptiform discharges over the left hemisphere. This article discusses dilemmas in the diagnosis of nonconvulsive status epilepticus in such a case scenario.

scholarly journals The Capabilities and Limitations of Clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Detecting Kidney Stones: A Retrospective Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Sayed H. Ibrahim ◽  
Joseph G. Cernigliaro ◽  
Mellena D. Bridges ◽  
Robert A. Pooley ◽  
William E. Haley
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Stone Size ◽  
Clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Ct And Mri

The purpose of this work was to investigate the performance of currently available magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detecting kidney stones, compared to computed tomography (CT) results, and to determine the characteristics of successfully detected stones. Patients who had undergone both abdominal/pelvic CT and MRI exams within 30 days were studied. The images were reviewed by two expert radiologists blinded to the patients’ respective radiological diagnoses. The study consisted of four steps: (1) reviewing the MRI images and determining whether any kidney stone(s) are identified; (2) reviewing the corresponding CT images and confirming whether kidney stones are identified; (3) reviewing the MRI images a second time, armed with the information from the corresponding CT, noting whether any kidney stones are positively identified that were previously missed; (4) for all stones MRI-confirmed on previous steps, the radiologist experts being asked to answer whether in retrospect, with knowledge of size and location on corresponding CT, these stones would be affirmed as confidently identified on MRI or not. In this best-case scenario involving knowledge of stones and their locations on concurrent CT, radiologist experts detected 19% of kidney stones on MRI, with stone size being a major factor for stone identification.

scholarly journals Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome and Azathioprine

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Pinto Teixeira Vilas-Boas ◽  
Ana Corte-Real
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome ◽  
Severe Hypertension ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Reversible Encephalopathy

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare syndrome that presents with neurological manifestations, often associated with arterial hypertension. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows bilateral white matter oedema in the posterior vascular territories. Immunosuppression, (pre) eclampsia and autoimmune diseases can be implicated. A 27-year-old woman, with mixed connective tissue disease under azathioprine, was admitted in the emergency room in status epilepticus and with severe hypertension. The MRI showed bilateral oedema in a pattern compatible with PRES. There was clinical improvement after azathioprine suspension. PRES is typically reversible with prompt recognition of the syndrome and its trigger. The association with azathioprine is rare.

scholarly journals PENGETAHUAN PESERTA PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN DOKTER SPESIALIS NEUROLOGI INDONESIA TENTANG SEMIOLOGI BANGKITAN EPILEPSI

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suryani Gunadharma ◽  
Yovita Stevina ◽  
Anam Ong ◽  
Siti Aminah ◽  
Lisda Amalia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

Pendahuluan: Semiologi bangkitan epilepsi merupakan cara yang efektif untuk menentukkan sindrom epilepsi terutama ketika electroencephalogram (EEG) dan magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) kepala tidak dapat memberikan cukup informasi. Untuk menegakkan diagnosis epilepsi berdasarkan semiologi dibutuhkan pengetahuan yang cukup, terutama untuk peserta program pendidikan dokter dpesialis-1 (PPDS-1) neurologi Indonesia. Tujuan: Untuk mengukur pengetahuan peserta PPDS-1 neurologi Indonesia tentang semiologi bangkitan epilepsi. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif observasional ini dilakukan di 4 universitas terpilih di Indonesia pada bulan Februari-September 2019. Subjek penelitian diminta mengisi kuesioner yang terdiri dari 6 pertanyaan tentang pengajaran semiologi bangkitan di pusat pendidikan masing–masing. Subjek juga diminta menentukan poin semiologi, lateralisasi dan lokalisasi dari lima video bangkitan yang telah dipilih oleh 3 orang dokter spesialis neurologi konsultan epilepsi dari 3 pusat pendidikan yang berbeda, namun dari tempat subjek-subjek penelitian. Hasil: Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 135 residen, 16  di semester 1, 21 di semester 2, 18 di semester 3, 14 di semester 4, 14 di semester 5, 15 di semester 6, 19  di semester 7, 18 di semester 8. Kuliah semiologi menggunakan video sudah diberikan mulai semester 3 pada 66,7–83% subjek. Rerata hanya 30,3% jawaban benar poin semiologi yang dapat disebutkan oleh subjek, pengetahuan ini mengalami peningkatan mulai dari semester 2. Sebanyak 55,6% subjek dapat menjawab benar lateralisasi dan 52% menjawab benar lokalisasi. Diskusi: Pengetahuan peserta PPDS-1 tentang semiologi bangkitan epilepsi masih kurang sehingga diperlukan perbaikan dan keseragaman metodologi pengajaran untuk semiologi bangkitan epilepsi. Kata kunci: Pengetahuan PPDS, PPDS neurologi Indonesia, semiologi bangkitan

scholarly journals Isoflurane in (Super-) Refractory Status Epilepticus: A Multicenter Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning R. Stetefeld ◽  
Alexander Schaal ◽  
Franziska Scheibe ◽  
Julia Nichtweiß ◽  
Felix Lehmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Refractory Status Epilepticus ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Refractory Status ◽  
Isoflurane Treatment

Abstract Background We aimed to determine the association between seizure termination and side effects of isoflurane for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE) and super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) in neurointensive care units (neuro-ICUs). Methods This was a multicenter retrospective study of patients with RSE/SRSE treated with isoflurane for status epilepticus termination admitted to the neuro-ICUs of nine German university centers during 2011–2018. Results We identified 45 patients who received isoflurane for the treatment of RSE/SRSE. During isoflurane treatment, electroencephalograms showed no epileptiform discharges in 33 of 41 (80%) patients, and burst suppression pattern was achieved in 29 of 41 patients (71%). RSE/SRSE was finally terminated after treatment with isoflurane in 23 of 45 patients (51%) for the entire group and in 13 of 45 patients (29%) without additional therapy. Lengths of stay in the hospital and in the neuro-ICU were significantly extended in cases of ongoing status epilepticus under isoflurane treatment (p = 0.01 for length of stay in the hospital, p = 0.049 for length in the neuro-ICU). During isoflurane treatment, side effects were reported in 40 of 45 patients (89%) and mainly included hypotension (n = 40, 89%) and/or infection (n = 20, 44%). Whether side effects occurred did not affect the outcome at discharge. Of 22 patients with follow-up magnetic resonance imaging, 2 patients (9%) showed progressive magnetic resonance imaging alterations that were considered to be potentially associated with RSE/SRSE itself or with isoflurane therapy. Conclusions Isoflurane was associated with a good effect in stopping RSE/SRSE. Nevertheless, establishing remission remained difficult. Side effects were common but without effect on the outcome at discharge.

Top-Ten Tips for Imaging the Brachial Plexus with Ultrasound and MRI

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 405-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Griffith ◽  
Radhesh Krishna Lalam
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Muscle Denervation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Neural Injury ◽  
Clinical Indications ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
High Level ◽  
Extensive Involvement

AbstractWhen it comes to examining the brachial plexus, ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are complementary investigations. US is well placed for screening most extraforaminal pathologies, whereas MRI is more sensitive and accurate for specific clinical indications. For example, MRI is probably the preferred technique for assessment of trauma because it enables a thorough evaluation of both the intraspinal and extraspinal elements, although US can depict extraforaminal neural injury with a high level of accuracy. Conversely, US is probably the preferred technique for examination of neurologic amyotrophy because a more extensive involvement beyond the brachial plexus is the norm, although MRI is more sensitive than US for evaluating muscle denervation associated with this entity. With this synergy in mind, this review highlights the tips for examining the brachial plexus with US and MRI.

Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to Determine the 3D Geometry in the Human Rectum

Endoscopy ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
BP McMahon ◽  
JB Frøkjær ◽  
A Bergmann ◽  
DH Liao ◽  
E Steffensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
3D Geometry ◽  
Human Rectum ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri
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