Comparative Stiffness of an Equine Distal Sesamoid Bone Fracture Model Stabilized with 3.5-mm versus 4.5-mm Cortical Bone Screws in Lag Fashion

Objective The aim of this study was to to determine the comparative stiffness following repair of an axial sagittal fracture model in equine distal sesamoid bones using either a single 3.5-mm or 4.5-mm cortical bone screw placed in lag fashion. Study Design The present study was an in vitro biomechanical study. Results The mean (±standard deviation) stiffness value for the 4.5-mm screw–bone construct (522.49 N/mm ± 168.21) was significantly greater than the 3.5-mm screw-bone construct (408.46 N/mm ± 131.13) (p = 0.047). This represents a 28% difference in mean stiffness. Conclusions In vitro, the 4.5-mm screw–bone construct creates a stiffer repair of fractured distal sesamoid bones by a margin of 28%. The 4.5-mm cortical bone screw may better withstand forces imparted on the distal sesamoid bone sustained during anaesthetic recovery, normal weight bearing and athletic exercise, thereby minimizing the risk of implant failure.

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Pullout Strength of Screws in Foal Third Metacarpal Bone after Overdrilling a 4.5 mm Hole

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1632548 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 11 (04) ◽

pp. 200-204 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. Kelly ◽

G. S. Martin ◽

D. J. Burba ◽

S. A. Sedrish ◽

R. M. Moore

Keyword(s):

Cortical Bone ◽

Metacarpal Bone ◽

Pullout Strength ◽

Cancellous Screw ◽

Bone Screw ◽

Screw Insertion ◽

Holding Power ◽

Cortical Screw ◽

Metaphyseal Bone

SummaryThe purpose of the study was to determine and to compare the in vitro pullout strength of 5.5 mm cortical versus 6.5 mm cancellous bone screws inserted in the diaphysis and metaphysis of foal third metacarpal (MCIII) bones in threaded 4.5 mm cortical bone screw insertion holes that were then overdrilled with a 4.5 mm drill bit. This information is relevant to the selection of a replacement screw if a 4.5 mm cortical screw is stripped during orthopaedic surgery. In vitro pullout tests were performed in two independent cadaver studies, each consisting of 12 foal MCIII bones. Two 4.5 mm cortical screws were placed either in the mid-diaphysis (study 1) or distal metaphysis (study 2) of MCIII bones. The holes were then overdrilled with a 4.5 mm bit and had either a 5.5 mm cortical or a 6.5 mm cancellous screw inserted; screw pullout tests were performed at a rate of 0.04 mm/s until screw or bone failure occurred.The bone failed in all of the tests in the diaphyseal and metaphyseal bone. The holding power for 6.5 mm cancellous screws was significantly (p <0.05) greater than for 5.5 mm cortical screws in both the diaphysis and metaphysis. There was not any difference in the holding power of screws in either the diaphysis or the metaphysis between proximal and distal screw holes.If a 4.5 mm cortical bone screw strips in MCIII diaphyseal or metaphyseal bone of foals, a 6.5 mm cancellous screw would provide greater holding power than a 5.5 mm cortical screw.In order to provide information regarding selection of a replacement screw if a 4.5 mm cortical screw is stripped, the in vitro pullout strength was determined for 5.5 mm cortical and 6.5 mm cancellous screws inserted in third metacarpal diaphyseal and metaphyseal bone of foals in which threaded 4.5 mm cortical bone screw insertion holes had been overdrilled with a 4.5 mm bit. The holding power of the 6.5 mm cancellous screw was significantly greater than the 5.5 mm cortical screw in both the diaphysis and metaphysis of foal third metacarpal bone. Thus, it appears that if a 4.5 mm cortical screw is stripped during orthopaedic surgery in foals, a 6.5 mm cancellous screw would provide superior holding power.

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Introduction of 3.5mm and 4.5mm cortex screws into the equine distal sesamoid bone with the help of the VetGate Computer Assisted Surgery Systems and comparison of the results with the previously reported ones, acquired with the SurgiGATE 1.0 System – an in vitro study

Pferdeheilkunde Equine Medicine ◽

10.21836/pem20170302 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 223-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

C S Schwarz ◽

T Rudolph ◽

J H Kowal ◽

J A Auer

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Study ◽

Computer Assisted Surgery ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Sesamoid Bone ◽

Comparison Of The Results ◽

Distal Sesamoid Bone

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Stand up! Are normal weight-bearing forces sufficient for a 12/14 Morse taper locking in total hip arthroplasty?

Hip International ◽

10.1177/1120700020967000 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 112070002096700

Author(s):

Suleman Qurashi ◽

Matthew H Pelletier ◽

Tian Wang ◽

Nicholas Bramich ◽

Jason Chinnappa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Total Hip ◽

Ceramic Femoral Head ◽

Head Surface ◽

Cyclical Loading

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate total hip arthroplasty (THA) Morse taper pull-off strengths after impaction prior to cyclical loading compared to cyclical loading alone. The practical relevance of the experiment is to provide a perspective on what may be clinically satisfactory taper assembly given the spectrum of head tapping patterns used by surgeons, as well as compare traditional impaction performed in standard THA with alternate methods of taper engagement such as ‘ in situ assembly’ used in micro-invasive techniques. Methods: 36 taper constructs utilising a combination of cobalt-chrome alloy and ceramic-titanium alloy junctions were investigated in vitro in wet and dry conditions with cyclical loading of the constructs. Taper disengagement strengths with and without impaction were compared. Secondary investigation of the surface roughness of the heads and tapers was also assessed. Results: An impaction to a wet taper resulted in a greater pull off force compared to a dry taper with a CoCr head and taper combination. Impacting the head and dryness of the taper did not affect pull off forces of a ceramic femoral head on titanium taper. Pulling a head off a taper significantly alters the head surface roughness. Conclusion: Impaction of a taper does not provide any benefit over cyclical loading of a taper assembly alone for pull-off strength.

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An in vitro biomechanical study of bone plate and interlocking nail in a canine diaphyseal femoral fracture model

Veterinary Surgery ◽

10.1053/jvet.2001.25863 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 397-408 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Antoine Bernarde ◽

Amadou Diop ◽

Nathalie Maurel ◽

Eric Viguier

Keyword(s):

Femoral Fracture ◽

Biomechanical Study ◽

Fracture Model ◽

Bone Plate ◽

Interlocking Nail ◽

Diaphyseal Femoral Fracture

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Does pedicle screw fixation of the subaxial cervical spine provide adequate stabilization in a multilevel vertebral body fracture model? An in vitro biomechanical study

Clinical Biomechanics ◽

10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2018.02.009 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 72-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

John Duff ◽

Mir M. Hussain ◽

Noelle Klocke ◽

Jonathan A. Harris ◽

Soumya S. Yandamuri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Spine ◽

Pedicle Screw ◽

Vertebral Body ◽

Screw Fixation ◽

Pedicle Screw Fixation ◽

Biomechanical Study ◽

Fracture Model ◽

Subaxial Cervical Spine ◽

Body Fracture

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Computed Tomography to Identify Preoperative Guidelines for Internal Fixation of the Distal Sesamoid Bone in Horses: An In Vitro Study

Veterinary Surgery ◽

10.1111/j.1532-950x.2010.00749.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 39 (8) ◽

pp. 1030-1036 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Roland Perrin ◽

Thomas Launois ◽

Laurent Brogniez ◽

Francis G. Desbrosse ◽

Richard P. Coomer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Internal Fixation ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Sesamoid Bone ◽

Distal Sesamoid Bone

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Computer-Assisted Surgery for Screw Insertion into the Distal Sesamoid Bone in Horses: An In Vitro Study

Veterinary Surgery ◽

10.1111/j.1532-950x.2006.00200.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 35 (7) ◽

pp. 626-633 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

DIEGO GYGAX ◽

CHRISTOPH LISCHER ◽

DAGMAR NITZEL ◽

MELANIE ROSSOL ◽

JOERG A. AUER

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Study ◽

Computer Assisted Surgery ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Sesamoid Bone ◽

Screw Insertion ◽

Distal Sesamoid Bone

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Oral administration of N-acetyl cysteine prevents osteoarthritis development and progression in a rat model

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-55297-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yosuke Kaneko ◽

Nobuharu Tanigawa ◽

Yuiko Sato ◽

Tami Kobayashi ◽

Satoshi Nakamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Administration ◽

Mechanical Stress ◽

Rat Model ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Chondrocyte Apoptosis ◽

Acetyl Cysteine

AbstractThe number of osteoarthritis patients is increasing with the rise in the number of elderly people in developed countries. Osteoarthritis, which causes joint pain and deformity leading to loss of activities of daily living, is often treated surgically. Here we show that mechanical stress promotes accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in chondrocytes in vivo, resulting in chondrocyte apoptosis and leading to osteoarthritis development in a rat model. We demonstrate that mechanical stress induces ROS accumulation and inflammatory cytokine expression in cultured chondrocytes in vitro and that both are inhibited by treatment with the anti-oxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). In vivo, osteoarthritis development in a rat osteoarthritis model was also significantly inhibited by oral administration of NAC. MMP13 expression and down-regulation of type II collagen in chondrocytes, both of which indicate osteoarthritis, as well as chondrocyte apoptosis in osteoarthritis rats were inhibited by NAC. Interestingly, osteoarthritis development in sham-operated control sides, likely due to disruption of normal weight-bearing activity on the control side, was also significantly inhibited by NAC. We conclude that osteoarthritis development in rats is significantly antagonized by oral NAC administration. Currently, no oral medication is available to prevent osteoarthritis development. Our work suggests that NAC may represent such a reagent and serve as osteoarthritis treatment.

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