scholarly journals Additional Muscle Belly and Abberant Muscle Fibers over the Extensor Retinaculam of Wrist

2016 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 085-087
Author(s):  
Divia Paul A. ◽  
Manisha Rajanand Gaikwad
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Nerve Supply ◽  
Present Case Report ◽  
Muscle Belly ◽  
Lateral Epicondyle ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Extensor Compartment ◽  
Extensor Carpi Radialis ◽  
Indian Male

AbstractVariations in the extensor compartment of forearm are common and are significant to neurologists, surgeons and anatomists. The present case report describes a well-developed muscle belly medial to the tendons of extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis. Muscle belly is originating from common extensor origin on lateral epicondyle and is inserted to base of third metacarpal; bilaterally. In addition to this, aberrant muscle fibres packed in a common connective tissue bundle over the dorsal digital expansion of left hand were also found. The above observations were noted during routine dissection of a 50 year old Indian male cadaver. The variant muscle having common extensor origin and muscle fibres over dorsal digital expansion were identified and protected. The blood supply and nerve supply were noted. The clinical significance of the variation is explained in detail.

scholarly journals Biceps Brachii Muscle with Third Head a Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (01) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
S. Bansal ◽  
V. Budhiraja ◽  
S. Swami ◽  
R. Gupta ◽  
N. Gaur
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Nerve Supply ◽  
Biceps Brachii Muscle ◽  
Muscle Belly ◽  
Iatrogenic Injuries ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Medical Undergraduates

Introduction Biceps brachii muscle belongs to the flexor group of muscles in arm. As Biceps brachii is double headed muscle. It is one of the known variable muscles of human body in terms of number and morphology. Material and Method During routine human cadaveric dissection for the purpose of teaching medical undergraduates in our department. The upper limb of embalmed adult male cadaver was dissected as per the standard method to note the origin, insertion, and nerve supply of biceps brachii. Results The three headed biceps brachii was found unilaterally on right side in adult male cadaver. The long and short head had normal origin, but third head originated from humerus below insertion of coracobrachialis and inserted with main muscle belly and innervated by musculocutaneus nerve. Conclusion Variant biceps brachii may confuse a surgeon who performs procedures on the arm and may lead to iatrogenic injuries. The surgeons and traumatologists have to keep such muscular variations in mind. So the knowledge of existence of its variation is important for anaesthetists and surgeons.

scholarly journals Anatomical work-up of an individual with multiple muscular variants on both forearms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S. Hagedorn ◽  
Bernhard Hirt ◽  
Thomas Shiozawa ◽  
Peter H. Neckel
Keyword(s):  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Proximal Phalanx ◽  
Neurovascular Compression ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Muscle Belly ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Palmaris Longus ◽  
Palmar Aponeurosis ◽  
The Right ◽  
Work Up

AbstractMuscular variants of the forearm are common and frequently cause neurovascular compression syndromes, especially when interfering with the compact topography of the carpal tunnel or the Canalis ulnaris. Here, we report on a male body donor with multiple muscular normal variations on both forearms. The two main findings are (1) an accessory variant muscle (AVM) on the right forearm originating from the M. brachioradialis, the distal radius, and the M. flexor pollicis longus. It spanned the wrist beneath the Fascia antebrachia and inserted at the proximal phalanx of the digitus minimus. (2) Moreover, we found a three-headed palmaris longus variant on the left arm with proximal origin tendon and a distal, trifurcated muscle belly, with separated insertions at the palmar aponeurosis, the flexor retinaculum, and, in analogy to the accessory muscle on the contralateral arm, at the base of the proximal phalanx of the digitus minimus. We found a considerable thickening of the left-hand median nerve right before entering the carpal tunnel indicative of a possible chronic compression syndrome adding clinical relevance to this anatomical case. We also discuss the notion that both, the AVM and the contralateral three-headed palmaris variant are developmental descendants of the M. palmaris longus. Additionally, we found a previously not recorded variant of the M. palmaris brevis on the left hand.

scholarly journals Anatomical Variations of the Extrinsic Musculature of Thumb

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin G Rosario ◽  
Clare Hanrahan ◽  
Carley Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Cadaver Dissection ◽  
Abductor Pollicis Brevis ◽  
Extensor Pollicis Longus ◽  
Muscle Belly ◽  
Abductor Pollicis Longus ◽  
Clinical Environments ◽  
Extensor Carpi Radialis

Anatomical variations are commonly encountered during human cadaver dissections. Some of these variations are never discovered unless there is an underlying injury that requires attention. For conceivable clinical and rehabilitation treatments, anatomical modifications may have implications on function therefore it is imperative to report them. This case series depicts the anatomical inconsistency in the muscles and tendons of the extrinsic musculature of the thumb in three human specimens. During a cadaver dissection in physical therapy anatomy course, various anatomical variations were found in three human cadaveric specimens. Cadaver 1 exhibited a new muscle with a split tendon near the distal posterolateral radius. The author uncovered the supplementary muscle between the Extensor Pollicis Longus (EPL) and Extensor Pollicis Brevis muscles. Cadaver 2 had two other extrinsic tendons inserted at the thumb. The Extensor Digitorum provided an extra tendon to the pollicis; a similar insertion as the EPL was recognised. In cadaver 3 an extra muscle belly was observed within the tendon of the abductor pollicis longus. The other muscle variation was near the distolateral attachment at the base of the first metacarpal joint, between the abductor pollicis brevis and extensor carpi radialis muscles. Understanding the diverse anatomical arrangements could prove beneficial for surgeons and those involved in rehabilitating upper extremities. A detailed understanding of the forearm structural anatomy and anomalies is essential to comprehend the function and movements when lesions affect the normal biomechanics within teaching and clinical environments.

scholarly journals Variation in the area of distribution of the lateral pectoral nerve and a communicating branch between musculocutaneous and median nerve : A case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 088-091
Author(s):  
Divia Paul A. ◽  
Manisha Rajanand Gaikwad
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Lateral Cord ◽  
Pectoral Nerve ◽  
Communicating Branch ◽  
Additional Branch ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Indian Male

AbstractVariations in the distribution of the lateral cord and its branches in the infraclavicular part of the brachial plexus are common and significant to the neurologists, surgeons, anaesthetists and the anatomists [1]. The present case describes a rare variation of the lateral pectoral nerve giving an additional branch to supply biceps brachii muscle and ends by joining inferior collateral branch of brachial artery. Also it was observed that the musculo cutaneous nerve received communicating branches from the median nerve before and after piercing the coracobrachialismuscle. The above observations were observed during routine dissection of a 55 year old Indian male cadaver. The musculocutaneous nerve, lateral pectoral nerve and its branches were identified and protected. The clinical importance of the variation is discussed.

Extensor carpi radialis brevis origin, nerve supply and its role in lateral epicondylitis

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soubhagya R. Nayak ◽  
Lakshmi Ramanathan ◽  
Ashwin Krishnamurthy ◽  
Latha V. Prabhu ◽  
Sampath Madhyastha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Epicondylitis ◽  
Nerve Supply ◽  
Extensor Carpi Radialis

Modelling mechanically stable muscle architectures

1992 ◽  
Vol 336 (1277) ◽  
pp. 275-292 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Muscle Belly ◽  
Longitudinal Plane ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Volume Problem

This paper presents a planar architectural model for an activated skeletal muscle, with mechanical equilibrium throughout the muscle belly. The model can predict the shape of the muscle fibres and tendinous sheets as well as the internal pressure distribution in the central longitudinal plane (perpendicular to the tendinous sheets) of uni- and bipennate muscle bellies. Mechanically stable solutions for muscle architectures were calculated by equating the pressure developed by curved muscle fibres with the pressure under a curved tendinous sheet. The pressure distribution under a tendinous sheet is determined by its tension, its curvature and the tensile stress of the attached muscle fibres. Dissections showed a good resemblance of the architecture of embalmed muscles with those from our simulations. Calculated maximum pressures are in the same order of magnitude as pressure measurements from the literature. Our model predicts that intramuscular blood flow can be blocked during sustained contraction, as several experimental studies have indeed demonstrated. The volume fractions of muscle fibres and interfibre space in the muscle belly were also calculated. The planar models predict a too low volume fraction for the muscle fibres (about 45% for the bipennate models with a straight central aponeurosis, and about 60% for the simulated unipennate muscle). It is discussed how, in a real muscle, this volume problem can be solved by a special three-dimensional arrangement of muscle fibres in combination with varying widths of the tendinous sheets.

Resistant Tennis Elbow

1984 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. HEYSE-MOORE
Keyword(s):  
Radial Nerve ◽  
Tennis Elbow ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Nerve Entrapment ◽  
Posterior Interosseous Nerve ◽  
Lateral Epicondyle ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Extensor Carpi Radialis ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Results Of Surgery

Fifty cases of resistant tennis elbow were studied, thirty seven of these had been treated by lengthening the tendon of extensor carpi radialis brevis, and thirteen by decompression of the radial tunnel. The two groups were well matched in terms of age, sex and pre-operative symptoms and signs. It was found that the results of surgery were very similar in the two groups and this observation is explained by anatomical study showing that surgical division of the fibrous arch of the superficial leaf of supinator will relieve tension on the lateral epicondyle and its adjacent structures thus allowing relief of symptoms independently of radial or posterior interosseous nerve decompression. This elaborates previously published work showing that there is no clinical or electrical evidence of radial nerve entrapment in resistant tennis elbow.

scholarly journals Extensor Carpi Radialis brevis: Review of Anatomy and Clinical Significance to Orthopedics

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Smith ◽  
Jacob B Stirton ◽  
Nabil A Ebraheim
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Radial Nerve ◽  
Lateral Epicondylitis ◽  
Extensor Digitorum ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Extensor Digitorum Communis ◽  
Lateral Epicondyle ◽  
The Third ◽  
Proper Management ◽  
Extensor Carpi Radialis

The extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) muscle is an integral extensor and abductor of the wrist. It originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, laying deep to the extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor digitorum communis, and superficial to the supinator. Insertion occurs at the base of the third metacarpal. The radial nerve or a derivative supplies innervation. Its significance in orthopedics is highlighted by its involvement in multiple surgical approaches, such as the Thompson and Kaplan approaches for exposure of the radius, as well as its association with several routinely observed pathologies. Many of the associated syndromes, such as lateral epicondylitis, arise from repetitive gripping motions or overuse and are frequently seen in the orthopedic clinic. This review seeks to provide a comprehensive summary of the relevance of the ECRB to the orthopedic setting to broaden knowledge of its anatomy and increase recognition and proper management of associated pathologies.

scholarly journals Third Coronary Artery Observed in a South Indian Male Cadaver: a Case Report

2009 ◽  
Vol 0 (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreenivasulu Reddy ◽  
Seetharama Bhat ◽  
Rakesh Vasavi ◽  
Naveen Bandarupalli ◽  
Raghu Jetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Indian Male
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