Association between Low Cord Serum Cortisol Level and Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn in Late Preterm and Term Neonates Delivered by Elective Cesarean Section

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raid M.R. Umran ◽  
Roaa M. Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Late Preterm ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Lung Fluid ◽  
Elective Cesarean ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Objective Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN), a common neonatal respiratory morbidity, is associated with failure of adequate clearance of fetal lung fluid. Glucocorticoids have an important role in lung maturity and the mechanisms of lung fluid clearance. The aim of this study is to assess the association between umbilical cord cortisol levels and transient TTN in late preterm and term neonates delivered by elective cesarean section (CS). Study Design A case-control study of 37 newborns diagnosed with TTN (cases) was compared with 40 healthy newborns (controls). All infants were delivered by elective CS without labor. Umbilical cord cortisol levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Mean cord cortisol levels were significantly lower in cases than controls (131.36 vs. 233.32 nmol/L, p = 0.0001; odds ratio [OR] = 3.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.40–9.53), respectively. Cord serum cortisol correlated inversely with the duration of tachypnea and the respiratory rate (r =  − 0.678 and −0.535, respectively). Conclusion Umbilical cord cortisol levels are significantly lower in newborns with transient TTN, and lower cortisol levels are associated with an increased respiratory rate and longer duration of admission. Antenatal glucocorticoids can be recommended for late preterm delivered by CS. Key Points

scholarly journals Investigating Stress Response during Vaginal Delivery and Elective Cesarean Section through Assessment of Levels of Cortisol, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Growth Hormone (GH) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Kiriakopoulos ◽  
Sokratis Grigoriadis ◽  
Evangelos Maziotis ◽  
Anastasios Philippou ◽  
Anna Rapani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Elective Cesarean

Background: How do stress related phenomena during labor differ between vaginal delivery (VD) and elective cesarean section (CS), remains of heightened interest. The purpose of this study is to investigate discrepancies regarding the stress response during VD and CS. Methods: Cortisol, interleukin 6 (IL-6), growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels from parturients’ peripheral blood were evaluated on three time-points, namely during the first stage of labor (TP1), two hours post labor (TP2) and 48 h post labor (TP3). Levels were also evaluated from the umbilical cord blood. A total of 50 women were enrolled in this prospective cohort study, with 24 and 26 subjected to CS and VD, respectively. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups at TP1. Only GH levels presented the same pattern during the three time-points among both groups. In the umbilical cord blood, the CS group presented statistically significant higher IGF-1 and GH levels. In the umbilical cord blood, IGF-1 and GH levels were positively correlated, while GH and cortisol levels were negatively correlated. Conclusion: CS is a less stressful procedure than VD and is further associated with less intense inflammation, albeit with a longer inflammatory response period. Labor physiology during CS differs considerably regarding respective observations during VD. This merits extensive investigation in order to decipher these data for optimal clinical practice and guidelines.

Determination of prolactin, growth hormone, β-endorphin, and cortisol in both maternal plasma and amniotic fluid during human gestation

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiro Kubota ◽  
Hiroo Tsuzuki ◽  
Motoi Saito
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Elective Cesarean ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Plasma Prl

Abstract. This study focuses on PRL, GH, β-endorphin and cortisol in maternal blood and amniotic fluid during human pregnancy. Maternal blood and amniotic fluid samples were obtained from 18 normal pregnant women in the second trimester, 12 full-term gravidas having spontaneous delivery, and 10 full-term gravidas having elective cesarean section. Two gravidas bearing anencephalic fetuses in the third trimester were also studied. In the second trimester women, levels of PRL (3215.9 ± 458.9 μg/l), GH (19.1 ± 1.7 μg/l) and β-endorphin (11.1 ± 0.9 pmol/l) were significantly higher in the amniotic fluid than in maternal plasma. In addition, PRL was significantly correlated with β-endorphin (r = 0.670) and with GH (r = 0.547) in the amniotic fluid. However, amniotic fluid cortisol levels (0.27 ± 0.18 nmol/l) were significantly lower than plasma cortisol levels. The amniotic fluid of the women with anencephalic fetuses had normal levels of PRL, GH and β-endorphin. In full-term gravidas, plasma PRL levels were significantly lower in women with vaginal delivery than in those with elective cesarean section, and there was a significant negative correlation between plasma PRL and β-endorphin, and between plasma PRL and cortisol levels. Plasma GH levels in women with vaginal delivery showed no signficant difference from those in women with cesarean section. Examination of amniotic fluid yielded no significant differences in the levels of PRL, β-endorphin and GH between these two groups. The authors conclude that the hormone releasing system in amniotic fluid seems to be independent of that in maternal plasma during pregnancy, and that the stress of labour has a significant effect on plasma PRL, β-endorphin and cortisol levels in maternal plasma but not on those in amniotic fluid.

scholarly journals Circulating maternal cortisol levels during vaginal delivery and elective cesarean section

2015 ◽  
Vol 294 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ylva Vladic Stjernholm ◽  
Annie Nyberg ◽  
Monica Cardell ◽  
Charlotte Höybye
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Elective Cesarean ◽  
Cortisol Levels
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