Arterial Ischemic Stroke—Peculiarities of Clinical Presentation and Risk Factors in Indian Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jatinder Singh Goraya ◽  
Shivankshi Berry ◽  
Amandeep Kaur ◽  
Gagandeep Singh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Language Disability ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Neck Trauma ◽  
Indian Children

AbstractThere are not enough recent studies on arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in Indian children. We retrospectively reviewed data on 95 children (69 boys), aged 3 months to 17 years, with AIS. Focal signs were noted in 84 (88%) with hemiparesis in 72 (76%). Diffuse signs were present in 33 (35%) with fever in 22 (23%), altered mental status in 20 (21%), and headache in 12 (13%). Seizures occurred in 29 (31%) children. Arteriopathy was observed in 57 (60%) children with mineralizing lenticulostriate vasculopathy (mLSV) in 22 (23%) being the most common, followed by moyamoya in 14 (15%), arterial dissection in 9 (10%), and focal cerebral arteriopathy (FCA) in 8 (8%). Preceding head/neck trauma was present in 27 (28%) children: 23 had minor head trauma (MHT), 3 neck trauma, and 1 unspecified. Other common risk factors (RFs) were iron deficiency in 10 children, homocysteinemia in 8 children, and tuberculous meningitis in 5 children. Complete or nearly complete recovery occurred in 42 (44%). Nine children developed epilepsy and five cognitive and language disability. Stroke recurrences occurred in nine children. Overall, arteriopathies accounted for majority of the cases of childhood AIS in our study with mLSV and moyamoya being the most frequent. Compared with data from Western countries, FCAs, postvaricella arteriopathy, and arterial dissections were less common. Of the nonarteriopathic RFs, MHT, iron deficiency, homocysteinemia, and neuroinfections were most frequent in our cohort in contrast to cardioembolic diseases and inherited procoagulant conditions, which are common in developed countries.

scholarly journals Early Deaths after Arterial Ischemic Stroke in Pediatric Patients: Incidence and Risk Factors

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 471
Author(s):  
Ilona Kopyta ◽  
Agnieszka Cebula ◽  
Beata Sarecka-Hujar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Health Care Access ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Care Access

In developed countries, cerebrovascular diseases are among the 10 most common causes of death in both the pediatric and adult population. The prevalence of fatal outcomes following arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in various groups of pediatric patients ranges from 1% to almost 32%. However, a constant improvement in stroke mortality among children has been observed. The extent of the decline differs among studies (from nearly tenfold to twofold decline), as it depends on the study population. While a portion of this variability might be explained by factors such as health care access, population age, diseases related to ethnicity, and different etiologies of stroke in studied populations, the understanding of such differences is still insufficient. Risk factors for death in the early stages of the disease are poorly understood and are usually based on the clinical presentations of relatively small groups of pediatric patients. Familiarity with these factors may be of significant importance for prognosis, but also for the early selection of patients requiring careful supervision. The present study aimed to analyze and discuss the current literature data on the incidence of early death and risk factors for early death in children suffering from stroke.

scholarly journals Clinical profile, risk factors and severity in patients with pediatric arterial ischemic stroke

2015 ◽  
Vol 357 ◽  
pp. e441
Author(s):  
M. Hidalgo ◽  
D. Munoz ◽  
M. Troncoso ◽  
S. Lara ◽  
C. Mateluna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke

scholarly journals Etiology of ischemic stroke among young adults of Serbia

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 803-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejana Jovanovic ◽  
Ljiljana Beslac-Bumbasirevic ◽  
Ranko Raicevic ◽  
Jasna Zidverc-Trajkovic ◽  
Marko Ercegovac
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Stroke Treatment ◽  
Prosthetic Valves ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Coagulation Inhibitors

Background/Aim. Etiology of ischemic stroke (IS) among young adults varies among countries. The aim of the study was to investigate the causes and risk factors of IS in the young adults of Serbia. Methods. A total of 865 patients with IS, aged 15 to 45 years, were treated throughout the period 1989-2005. Etiologic diagnostic tests were performed on the patient by the patient basis and according to their availability at the time of investigation. The most likely cause of stroke was categorized according to the TOAST (Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment) criteria. Results. There were 486 men and 379 women, with 19% of the patients ? 30 years old. Large artery arteriosclerosis and small artery disease were confirmed in 14% of the patients, and embolism and other determined causes in 20%. Undetermined causes made up 32% of the patients, mostly those (26%) with incomplete investigations. Smoking (37%), hypertension (35%) and hyperlipidemia (35%) were the most common risk factors. Rheumatic heart diseases and prosthetic valves were the most common causes of IS. Arterial dissections and coagulation inhibitors deficiency were detected in a small number of patients. Conclusion. Etiology of IS among Serbian young adults shares characteristics of those in both western and less developed countries.

scholarly journals Childhood arterial ischemic stroke: a review of risk factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 357 ◽  
pp. e394
Author(s):  
H.H.S. Matozinho ◽  
L.C. Morais ◽  
V.C. Faria ◽  
L.S. Rimoldi ◽  
D.G. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke

Inherited and acquired risk factors for arterial ischemic stroke in childhood

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Lippi ◽  
Massimo Franchini ◽  
Martina Montagnana ◽  
Gian Luca Salvagno ◽  
Giovanni Targher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke

scholarly journals Rates and Risk Factors for Arterial Ischemic Stroke Recurrence in Children

Stroke ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 842-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Stacey ◽  
Claire Toolis ◽  
Vijeya Ganesan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Recurrence ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke

scholarly journals Risk factors, types and outcomes of arterial ischemic stroke in Polish pediatric patients: a retrospective single-center study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Sarecka-Hujar ◽  
Ilona Kopyta ◽  
Dorota Raczkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Subtype ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Normal Outcome

IntroductionVarious neurological complications may occur as a consequence of arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) and have an impact on daily activity of the patients, costs of their medical care and rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to analyze risk factors, stroke symptoms and post-stroke consequences in Polish pediatric patients depending on stroke subtype.Material and methodsWe retrospectively reviewed 77 children under the age of 18 years following their first AIS. Patients were white, Polish Caucasians, recruited in the Department of Pediatric Neurology at the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice (Poland). Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 12.0.ResultsGender differed significantly between stroke subgroups (p = 0.030). The presence of focal cerebral arteriopathy (FCA) and chronic diseases was associated with type of AIS (p = 0.003 and p = 0.050, respectively). An outcome without neurological deterioration (normal outcome) was observed in 43% of children with lacunar anterior circulation infarct (LACI). Hemiparesis was present in almost all children with total anterior circulation infarct (TACI), in two thirds of children with partial anterior circulation infarct (PACI) and in almost 50% of children with LACI or posterior circulation infarct (POCI). In every child with hemiplegia the stroke symptom evolved into hemiparesis at follow-up. Additionally, patients with a normal outcome were older at the time of AIS than those with at least one neurological consequence (OR = 0.894, p = 0.034).ConclusionsThe presence and number of neurological outcomes depend on stroke subtypes. A relation between the presence of post-stroke deficits and age at onset was observed. The odds of deficit after ischemic stroke decreases by an average of 10.6% if the child is 1 year older at the time of AIS.

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