Case Series of Applications of Resting State Functional MRI in Brain Tumor Surgery: A Novel Technique

Abstract Background The extent of resection for brain tumors is a critical factor in determining the oncologic outcome for a patient. However, a balance between preservation of neurological function and maximal resection is essential for true benefit.Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is one of the approaches that augments the neurosurgeon's ability to attain maximal safe resection by providing preoperative mapping. It may not be possible to perform awake craniotomy with intraoperative localization by direct cortical stimulation in all patients, such as children and those with neurocognitive impairment. Task-based fMRI may have limited value in these cases due to low patient cooperability. Methods In this article we present in a case-based format, the various clinical scenarios where resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) can be helpful in guiding neurosurgical resection. rs-fMRI of the patients has been acquired on Philips 1.5 T system. Seed voxel method has been used for processing and analysis. Conclusion rs-fMRI does not require active patient cooperation to generate useful information and thus can be a promising tool in patients unable to cooperate for task-based studies.

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Hemodynamic evaluation of patients with Moyamoya Angiopathy: comparison of resting-state fMRI to breath-hold fMRI and [15O]water PET

Neuroradiology ◽

10.1007/s00234-021-02814-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Leonie Zerweck ◽

Constantin Roder ◽

Till-Karsten Hauser ◽

Johannes Thurow ◽

Annerose Mengel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resting State ◽

Resting State Fmri ◽

Cerebrovascular Reactivity ◽

Breath Hold ◽

Data Sets ◽

Moyamoya Angiopathy ◽

Perfusion Reserve ◽

Hemodynamic Evaluation ◽

Patient Cooperation ◽

High Level

Abstract Purpose Patients with Moyamoya Angiopathy (MMA) require hemodynamic evaluation to assess the risk of stroke. Assessment of cerebral blood flow with [15O]water PET and acetazolamide challenge is the diagnostic standard for the evaluation of the cerebral perfusion reserve (CPR). Estimation of the cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) by use of breath-hold-triggered fMRI (bh-fMRI) as an index of CPR has been proposed as a reliable and more readily available approach. Recent findings suggest the use of resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) which requires minimum patient compliance. The aim of this study was to compare rs-fMRI to bh-fMRI and [15O]water PET in patients with MMA. Methods Patients with MMA underwent rs-fMRI and bh-fMRI in the same MRI session. Maps of the CVR gained by both modalities were compared retrospectively by calculating the correlation between the mean CVR of 12 volumes of interest. Additionally, the rs-maps of a subgroup of patients were compared to CPR-maps gained by [15O]water PET. Results The comparison of the rs-maps and the bh-maps of 24 patients revealed a good correlation (Pearson’s r = 0.71 ± 0.13; preoperative patients: Pearson’s r = 0.71 ± 0.17; postoperative patients: Pearson’s r = 0.71 ± 0.11). The comparison of 7 rs-fMRI data sets to the corresponding [15O]water PET data sets also revealed a high level of agreement (Pearson’s r = 0.80 ± 0.19). Conclusion The present analysis indicates that rs-fMRI might be a promising non-invasive method with almost no patient cooperation needed to evaluate the CVR. Further prospective studies are required.

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Using resting-state intrinsic network connectivity to identify suicide risk in mood disorders

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291719002356 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 50 (14) ◽

pp. 2324-2334 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jonathan P. Stange ◽

Lisanne M. Jenkins ◽

Stephanie Pocius ◽

Kayla Kreutzer ◽

Katie L. Bessette ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mood Disorder ◽

Mood Disorders ◽

Resting State ◽

Suicide Risk ◽

Network Connectivity ◽

Resting State Fmri ◽

Neural Substrates ◽

Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽

Promising Tool ◽

History Of

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the neural substrates of suicide risk in mood disorders. Improving the identification of biomarkers of suicide risk, as indicated by a history of suicide-related behavior (SB), could lead to more targeted treatments to reduce risk.MethodsParticipants were 18 young adults with a mood disorder with a history of SB (as indicated by endorsing a past suicide attempt), 60 with a mood disorder with a history of suicidal ideation (SI) but not SB, 52 with a mood disorder with no history of SI or SB (MD), and 82 healthy comparison participants (HC). Resting-state functional connectivity within and between intrinsic neural networks, including cognitive control network (CCN), salience and emotion network (SEN), and default mode network (DMN), was compared between groups.ResultsSeveral fronto-parietal regions (k > 57, p < 0.005) were identified in which individuals with SB demonstrated distinct patterns of connectivity within (in the CCN) and across networks (CCN-SEN and CCN-DMN). Connectivity with some of these same regions also distinguished the SB group when participants were re-scanned after 1–4 months. Extracted data defined SB group membership with good accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity (79–88%).ConclusionsThese results suggest that individuals with a history of SB in the context of mood disorders may show reliably distinct patterns of intrinsic network connectivity, even when compared to those with mood disorders without SB. Resting-state fMRI is a promising tool for identifying subtypes of patients with mood disorders who may be at risk for suicidal behavior.

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