Time Course Change in Muscle Swelling: High-Intensity vs. Blood Flow Restriction Exercise

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (13) ◽  
pp. 1009-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Freitas ◽  
Christopher Poole ◽  
Ryan Miller ◽  
Aaron Heishman ◽  
Japneet Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Thigh Circumference ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Low Intensity

AbstractThis study determined the time course for changes in muscle swelling and plasma volume following high (HI) and low-intensity resistance exercise with blood-flow restriction (LI-BFR). Ten male participants (22.1±3.0 yrs) completed three experimental conditions: high-intensity exercise (HI - 80% of 1RM), low-intensity exercise with BFR (LI-BFR –20% of 1RM, and 160 mmHg of BFR), and control (CON – no exercise or BFR). Muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA), muscle thickness, thigh circumference, and percentage change in plasma volume (PV%∆) were measured. mCSA was significantly greater than rest values at 15 min post-exercise (p<0.01) for HI and LI-BFR, and at 75 min post-exercise (p<0.01) for HI. Muscle thickness was significantly greater than rest immediately post-exercise (p<0.01) and 30 min post-exercise (p<0.01) for HI and LI-BFR, and at 60 min post-exercise for HI (p=0.01). Muscle thickness was greater for BFR immediately post-exercise compared to HI (p=0.01) post-exercise. Thigh circumference was significantly greater from rest at 15 min post-exercise (p=0.01) and at 75 min post-exercise for both LI-BFR (p=0.03) and HI (p<0.01). PV%∆ significantly decreased from rest immediately post-exercise for both HI (p<0.01) and LI-BFR (p<0.01). In conclusion, BFR exercise induces changes in muscle swelling and plasma volume similar to those observed at high-intensities.

scholarly journals OXYGEN UPTAKE AND RESISTANCE EXERCISE METHODS: THE USE OF BLOOD FLOW RESTRICTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 343-346
Author(s):  
Adenilson Targino de Araújo Júnior ◽  
Maria do Socorro Cirilo-Sousa ◽  
Gabriel Rodrigues Neto ◽  
Rodrigo Poderoso ◽  
Geraldo Veloso Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Intensity Training

ABSTRACT Introduction: The literature has shown that a gap is identified regarding the acute effects of blood flow restriction training on aerobic variables. Objective: to analyze oxygen consumption (VO2) during and after two resistance training sessions: traditional high intensity and low intensity with blood flow restriction. Methods: After one-repetition maximum tests, eight male participants (25.7±3 years) completed the two experimental protocols, separated by 72 hours, in a randomized order: a) high intensity training at 80% of 1RM (HIRE) and b) low intensity training at 20% of 1RM combined with blood flow restriction (LIRE + BFR). Three sets of four exercises (bench press, squat, barbell bent-over row and deadlift) were performed. Oxygen consumption and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption were measured. Results: the data showed statistically significant differences between the traditional high intensity training and low intensity training with blood flow restriction, with higher values for traditional training sessions, except for the last five minutes of the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption. Oxygen consumption measured during training was higher (p = 0.001) for the HIRE (20.32 ± 1.46 mL·kg-1·min-1) compared to the LIRE + BFR (15.65 ± 1.14 mL·kg-1·min-1). Conclusion: Oxygen uptakes rates during and after the exercise sessions were higher for the high intensity training methodology. However, when taking into account the volume of training provided by both methods, these differences were attenuated. Level of Evidence III - Non-consecutive studies, or studies without consistently applied reference stand.

Acute Muscular Responses To High Intensity And Low Intensity With Blood Flow Restriction Cycling

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 883
Author(s):  
Daeyeol Kim ◽  
Jeremy P. Loenneke ◽  
Robert S. Thiebaud ◽  
Xin Ye ◽  
Grant Mouser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Muscular Responses

scholarly journals Blood flow restriction - short insight of the method

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Tiberiu Puta ◽  
Alexandra Mihaela Stănilă ◽  
Remus Datcu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Intensity Training

AbstractIntroduction: The blood flow restriction method is a training method that is based on the partial occlusion of circulation during a workout. This technique combines low-intensity exercise with the occlusion of the bloodstream which produces results similar to high-intensity training.Aim: We aimed to identify the areas in which this method is applicable, its potential benefits and effects, recommendations regarding the rules of use for maximal effects (dosage, intensity, etc.), and also possible contraindications or warnings regarding the use of this method.Methods: We have analyzed a number of 20 articles on this topic from the field literature of the last 10 years, using ”google academic” as a search engine.Results: After this study we concluded that blood flow restriction is a method with wide applicability in the field of sports training, but also in the recovery process; however, it requires attention in choosing the necessary equipment. For healthy individuals, best training adaptations occur when combining low-load blood flow restriction resistance exercise with traditional high-load resistance exercise.Conclusion: Low-intensity resistance exercise with blood flow restriction is as effective as high-intensity training (for strength and muscle mass gains), but only the high-intensity protocol promotes significant hypotensive responses after exercise.

Different Time Course of Recovery in Achilles Tendon Thickness After Low-Load Resistance Training With and Without Blood Flow Restriction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Iván Chulvi-Medrano ◽  
Moisés Picón-Martínez ◽  
Juan Manuel Cortell-Tormo ◽  
Juan Tortosa-Martínez ◽  
Diego Alexandre Alonso-Aubin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Tendon Thickness ◽  
Post Condition

Context: Blood flow restriction research has focused on muscular strength and hypertrophy. Limited data have been reported about the blood flow restriction effect on the tendon. Objective: To analyze and compare the time course of recovery in Achilles tendon thickness after a single bout of low-intensity resistance training (LI-RT) and low-intensity blood flow restriction training (LI-BFRT). Methods: A total of 56 healthy participants (24.60 [4.0] y; 23.65 [3.4] body mass index) were included. The dominant leg was assigned for LI-BFRT using low load (30% 1-repetition maximum) and 30% of the total occlusion pressure (52.21 [17.89] mm Hg) in plantar-flexion exercise (1 × 30 + 3 × 15 repetitions). The nondominant leg was assumed as a control condition. Main Outcome Measure: Sonography images were taken before the intervention, immediately posttraining, and 24 hours after exercise (post-24) for the Achilles tendon thickness. Results: Changes in Achilles tendon thickness for LI-BFRT group were significant post- (−14.5%; P < .05) and post-24 (−9.2%; P < .05). In contrast, LI-RT group showed a transient decrease after exercise (−9.67%; P < .05) followed by a recovery of thickness post-24 (−1.06%; P < .05). Thickness post-24 was different between LI-BFRT versus LI-RT (P < .01). Hedge effect size analysis showed a large effect (g = 0.90) in LI-BFRT pre–post condition and a medium effect (g = 0.57) in post- to post-24. The LI-RT obtained a medium effect (g = 0.53) in pre–post condition and a small effect (g = 0.49) in post- to post-24. Conclusions: This study showed a different time course of the acute response in Achilles tendon thickness between LI-BFRT and LI-RT. This may be associated with intratendinous fluid movement in response to LI-BFRT.

scholarly journals The acute muscular response to two distinct blood flow restriction protocols

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Dankel ◽  
SL Buckner ◽  
BR Counts ◽  
MB Jessee ◽  
JG Mouser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Arterial Occlusion ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Acute Responses ◽  
Arterial Occlusion Pressure

The purpose of this study was to determine acute physiological and perceptual responses to two commonly implemented blood flow restriction protocols. Using a within-subject design, 15 participants (age ∼25) performed four sets of unilateral elbow flexion with each arm. One arm exercised using a 3-cm elastic cuff inflated to 160 mmHg, whereas the other arm exercised using a 5-cm nylon cuff inflated to 40% of the individual’s arterial occlusion pressure. While both protocols elicited increases in acute muscle thickness [pre: 4.5 (0.2) cm, post: 5.0 (0.2) cm; p < 0.001] and electromyography amplitude [first 3 reps: 55 (5) %MVC; last 3 reps: 87 (10) %MVC], there were no differences between conditions. Both protocols produced decreases in post-exercise strength (pre: 70 Nm, post: 51 Nm; p < 0.001) with no difference between conditions. The nylon protocol resulted in more repetitions during sets 2 [13 (2) vs. 9 (4); p = 0.001] and 3 [10 (2) vs. 7 (4); p = 0.05], while producing lower levels of discomfort following each set (average 3 vs. 4; p < 0.05). In conclusion, both protocols produced similar acute responses thought to be important for promoting muscle growth. However, the use of arbitrary pressures may place some individuals under complete arterial occlusion which may increase the potential risk of an adverse event.

scholarly journals Bone biochemical marker response to a plyometric exercise session with and without blood flow restriction in inactive adolescent females

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Plyometric Exercise ◽  
Intensity Training

Background and Aims: Physical activity and blood flow restriction (BFR) training can affect bone metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a plyometric exercise session with and without blood flow restriction on bone metabolism markers, such as bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and C-terminal telopeptide of type 1collagen (CTX), as the markers of bone formation and destruction, respectively, among inactive adolescent females. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest. The participants (n=48) were randomly divided into four groups of high-intensity training (n=12), low-intensity training (n=12), low-intensity training+restricted blood flow (n=12), and control (n=12). The training protocol included 68 jumping movements. The intensity of the exercise was less than two and more than four times the body weight for low intensity groups with and without obstruction and the high-intensity group, respectively. Blood samples were taken before and immediately after the exercise to evaluate BALP and CTX. Data analysis was performed using dependent t-test and one-way ANOVA. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A significant decrease was observed in CTX serum levels in high-intensity exercise group (P=0.04) and low-intensity exercise group with limited blood flow (P=0.03), compared to those in the pre-test. However, there was no significant within-group and intergroup changes in serum levels of bone formation marker (P≥0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, a low-intensity plyometric exercise session with blood BFR can be as effective as high-intensity plyometric exercises in altering bone metabolism (reducing bone absorption marker).

scholarly journals The Effect of Eccentric Resistance Training with and Without Blood Flow Restriction on Serum IL6 and MMP9 Levels in Young Active Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Eslamdoust ◽  
Farshad Ghazalian ◽  
Mandana Gholami ◽  
Khosrow Ebrahim ◽  
Behzad Bazgir
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Exercise Modality ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Low Intensity

Background: It has been assumed that during and after BFR exercises, many blood factors are activated and angiogenesis response is stimulated in the arteries. Objectives: Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the effect of two eccentric resistance training methods with and without blood flow restriction on serum IL6 and MMP9 levels in active young men. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 16 healthy men with a mean age of 27.8 ± 2.85 (years), the weight of 79.4 ± 12.4 (kg), and a body mass index of 25.5 ± 3.7 (kg/m2) were randomly assigned to either low-intensity eccentric group with BFR or the high-intensity eccentric without BFR. The high-intensity (70% - 80% maximum voluntary contraction MVC) eccentric exercise without BFR included 3 - 5 cycles of eccentric contraction of the quadriceps muscles, up to exhaustion, whereas low-intensity eccentric exercise executed similar exercise modality at intensity of 20% - 30% MVC with blood flow restriction up to exhaustion. Blood samples were taken from antecubital both before and after the exercise to measure serum IL6 and MMP9 values using the ELISA method. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and analysis of variance with repeated measure test in SPSS version 22. A P value of < 0.05 was defined as statistically significant. Results: High-intensity resistance per se and low-intensity resistance exercise with BFR similarly resulted in a non-significant reduction of IL-6 and elevated levels of MMP-9 serum levels in active young men. Conclusions: Overall, the results indicated that a low-intensity resistance exercise session with restricted blood flow and a high-intensity resistance exercise without blood flow restriction equally did not affect IL6 and MMP9 serum of active young men. Further studies are needed to clarify the exact exercise modality that sufficiently stimulates angiogenesis.

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