Physical Therapy Following Saucerisation of Discoid Meniscus – a Case Study

Introduction: Discoid meniscus is a structure with altered shape, which causes it to frequently undergo injuries and lesions. Pain, limping, limited range of motion of the knee joint and swelling are characteristic signs of this pathology. Therapeutic possibilities include meniscectomy and saucerisation. Research objective: The study aim was assessment of the therapeutic effectiveness in a patient after saucerisation of discoid meniscus. Material and methods: A 12-year-old female patient after saucerisation of lower left limb lateral discoid meniscus (type I) was subjected to 32-week physical therapy treatment. Testing included determining the range of knee joint flexion and extension movements, as well as measuring the circumference of the lower extremities 15 cm above the patella. The Kujala Score (Anterior Knee Pain Scale) and Ikeuchi grading system were employed during the 1st, 3rd, 8th, 21st and 32nd weeks postoperatively. Results: In the final stage of physical therapy, complete range of knee joint motion was achieved, the Kujala Scale score totalled 98 points and the thigh circumference of the operated limb increased by 4 cm. The circumferences of the lower extremities differed by 2 cm in the final phase of physical therapy. Conclusions: The employed postoperative protocol effectively influenced the functional state of the patient.

Association of body weight on pulmonary function tests in young individuals (aged 18- 40 years)- A cross-sectional study

This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted to evaluate association of waist, hip and thigh circumferences on respiratory parameters among young healthy adults. A total of 180 volunteers of different weight categories; including underweight, normal weight, over weight and obese people were recruited by using non-probability convenient sampling technique. Non-smoker males and females (non-pregnant), aged between 18-40 years with no pulmonary and cardiac disease were included in the study. Waist circumference, mid-thigh circumference, hip circumference and respiratory parameters were measured. The results showed a significant association between waist circumference with forced vital capacity (FVC) (r = 0.188, p = 0.011), average tidal volume (VT) (r = 0.160, p = 0.032), inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) (r = 0.388,p<0.001), vital capacity (VC) (r = 0.312, p<0.001), total lung capacity (TLC) (r = 0.385, p<0.001), and functional residual capacity (FRC) (r = 0.477, p<0.01), and a negative association with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (r = -0.148, p = 0.048) and FEV1/FVC ratio (r = -0.246, p<0.001). Significant association was not observed between waist circumference and expiratory reserve volume (ERV) (r = 0.071, p = 0.344). In the present study, increased waist, hip, and thigh circumferences were found to be negatively associated with FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio. Spirometry should be performed in obese and overweight young healthy adults even if they are asymptomatic, as early preventive measures can be taken to reduce the resulting morbidity.

EFFECT OF THE ISOMETRIC -ISOTONIC EXERCISE ON LIGAMENTS RUPTURE INJURY OF KNEE AND REHABILITATION FOR ATHLETIC

Introduction.Rehabilitation is a program of treatment with some sport exercises targeting the lower body .The aim:of the study is to develop the work of the knee joint after the ligament rupture injury and to rehabilitate itby preparation of the (PTP) proposed training program.Material and Method:The study included 4 injured athletes who were selected from a total of 10 injured.The tools used to measure the angle of flexion and extension of the knee joint before and after rehabilitation are tape measure , anthropometric measurements and squat equipment. Statistical analyses:which used included MEAN, STD, MAX, MIN, MEDIAN to explain the results. Anthropometricis used to measure the (TCUIL) Thigh circumference of upper injured limb and (CBIL) Circumference of bottom injured, Flexion and extension angle of the knee joint and isometric -isotonic exercises with Pre-test –post-test for 4 injures athletes. Results :using the intensity of 30-35% until it reached 95-100% after the end of the training program with 9 -10Kg weights in the first week until 30-35 Kg on squat equipment at the end of the fourth week and it was cured and Anthropometrics of Pre-test was (TCUIL) was 49 and Post-test was 50 cm with increase1cmand the Pre-test of (CBIL) was 34.5 and Post-test 34.7 cm with increase(0.2mm).Conclusions:: The (PTP) developed muscle strength of the femoral muscle groups working on the knee joint after used isometric isotonic exercise

Effects of Low-Load Blood-Flow Restricted Resistance Training on Functional Capacity and Patient-Reported Outcome in a Young Male Suffering From Reactive Arthritis

Introduction: Reactive arthritis (ReA) is a chronic inflammatory disease usually caused by a preceding gastrointestinal or genitourinary bacterial infection. ReA usually occurs in the lower limbs causing joint pain and joint swelling. Physiotherapy-led exercise is recommended to prevent muscle atrophy. The purpose of this case report is to describe the outcome after 12 weeks of low-load blood flow restricted resistance training (BFR-RT) as a rehabilitation method for a young male suffering from ReA.Methods and materials: A 17-year-old male suffered from ReA in the both knee joints and the left hip joint. 36 months after the incident, he suffered from another ReA incident in his right knee. Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs and a new arthrocentesis added with corticosteroid injection was unsuccessful in treating the ReA. The patient performed 12 weeks of BFR-RT on the right lower limb with a low amount of supervision after the first week of training. Assessment of unilateral 30-sec chair stand test (u30-sec CST), low-thigh circumference above apex patella, The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), The Forgotten Knee Joint Score (FJS), and Numeric Ranking Scale for pain (NRS) was performed at baseline and after 3,6,9, and 12 weeks of BFR-RT.Results: The patient completed all planned exercise sessions. u30-sec CST improved with 7 repetitions (reps) on the right limb and 5 reps on the left leg. Low-thigh circumference decreased 1.1 cm on the right leg and 1.0 on the left leg. KOOS symptoms, ADL, quality of life and FJS demonstrated a clinically relevant change on 10, 14 and 23 points.Conclusion: The present case study indicates that even with low amounts of supervision BFR-RT could increase functional performance, reduce knee joint swelling and improve key patient-reported outcome.

Quadriceps muscle strength recovery with the use of high tone power therapy after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a randomized controlled trial

Background There are no scientific reports clearly describing the effectiveness of the High Tone Power Therapy in patients after ACL reconstruction. This caused that in own research an attempt was made to present the possibilities of using the selected method of electrical stimulation in the treatment of an orthopaedic patient. The aim was to assess the effectiveness of electro stimulation of the quadriceps muscle in patients after ACL reconstruction, with the use of High Tone Power Therapy. Methods In randomized controlled trial took part thirty-five men, aged 21–50, after ACL reconstruction. The tests were carried prior to and 6 months following the ACL reconstruction. After the surgery, the patients were randomly divided into experimental group (17 patients) with the High Tone Power Therapy in rehabilitation and control group (18 patients) without the High Tone Power Therapy. Patients were subjected to 6-month rehabilitation. Research tools included the measurement of muscle strength torque, ROM, knee and thigh circumference measurements, the Lysholm and the VAS scale. Results After applying HiToP, the analysis showed a statistically significant improvement of muscle torque (p = 0.041, Es = 3.71), knee circumference (p = 0.039, Es = 1.65), thigh circumference (p = 0.049, Es = 1.26), knee extension (p < 0.001, Es = 2.20) in Experimental group compared to the control group. Only the results of the VAS scale did not differ statistically significantly both within a given group and between groups. Conclusions The results confirm the hypothesis that the use of HiToP in patients after ACLr have a beneficial effect on muscle strength, reduction of joint effusion, muscle mass gain and joint function. The assumption that HiToP significantly reduces pain levels is not supported - the results in both groups are statistically insignificant. Trial registration The research project was retrospectively registered in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR). Date of first registration 11.10.2016. Registration number: ACTRN12616001416482.

Characteristics of muscle contraction of the rectus femoris using Tensiomyography by sex in healthy adolescents: a Cross-Sectional Study

Background Tensiomyography (TMG) is a non-invasive instrument for measuring mechanical muscle contraction characteristics, and measures the maximum displacement of the muscle belly in the vertical direction and the time needed to achieve this from electrical stimulation. There have only been few reports of TMG on general healthy adults. A systematic review on TMG reported a low proportion of female participants with a small sample size. Therefore, it is unclear whether there is a difference in TMG parameters by sex and between the dominant and non-dominant feet. Furthermore, the relationship between the TMG parameters and the evaluations commonly used in clinical practice has not been clarified. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of muscle contraction of the rectus femoris using tensiomyography by sex among healthy adolescents and its relationship with muscle function evaluation, such as lower limb muscle mass and muscle strength. The subjects included 91 healthy university students. The measurement items included TMG, lower limb muscle mass, rectus femoris thickness, isometric knee joint extension torque, and thigh circumference. Results There was a main effect on sex in all parameters (ρ ≤ 0.05). In terms of TMG parameters, maximum displacement (Dm) in the non-dominant foot was significantly lower in women. The correlation between TMG parameters for males and females and lower limb muscle mass, muscle thickness, joint torque, and thigh circumference had a significant correlation with some TMG parameters and lower limb muscle mass (ρ ≤ 0.05). The absolute value of the correlation coefficient was overall low with 0.27 ~0.45. Conclusion In healthy adolescents, there was a difference by sex in TMG parameters and a weak correlation between TMG parameters and the lower limb muscle mass. TMG parameter evaluation may indicate a different function compared with the traditional muscle function assessment used in clinical practice. The TMG parameter is considered as a unique evaluation method for neuromuscular function assessment.

Endoscopic gluteus maximus tendon release for external snapping hip syndrome: a functional assessment

Purpose The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the clinical follow-up of patients with external snapping hip syndrome (ESHS) treated with endoscopic gluteus maximus tendon release and to compare the residual muscular strength and thigh circumference as an indirect outcome measure. Methods Patients of all ages with external snapping hip syndrome were treated with endoscopic gluteus maximus tendon release. Outcome measures evaluated included: visual analog scale (VAS), modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), and Non-Arthritic Hip Score (NAHS). The gluteus maximus strength and the circumference of the thigh were also evaluated. Results Among 25 patients, 23 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and one patient was lost to follow-up. The series included 22 patients, 6 males and 16 females with a mean age of 27.9 ± 13.4 years (range 16–76 years). All patients had resolution of the snapping symptoms after the procedure. The mean follow-up was 18 ± 9.3 months. All outcomes improved in a statistically significant manner: VAS value decreased from 6.8 (range 6–8) to 0.6 (range 0–4) (p < 0.001), mHHS increased from 48.6 (range 17.6–67) to 88.2 (range 67–94.6) (p < 0.001), NAHS increased from 49.0 (range 21.5–66) to 90.8 (range 66–98.75) (p < 0.001). A statistically significant reduction of operated limb thigh circumference compared to the contralateral side (3.7%) was also found, while there were no statistical differences regarding the strength of gluteus maximus muscles. Conclusions Endoscopic gluteus maximus tendon release is an excellent surgical option to treat snapping hip syndrome. The evaluated muscle strength revealed no functional impairment. The significance of the limb circumference reduction has yet to be determined. Level of evidence IV: retrospective comparative trial.

Role of Anthropometric Data in Assessing Hamstring Graft Size in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Background and Objective: Preoperative information of hamstring graft size for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL) is critical for making optimal graft selections. The aim of the present study was to view whether anthropometric parameters including height, weight, BMI and thigh circumference have any bearing on the size of hamstring tendon grafts used in anterior cruciate ligament replacement. Methods: Pre-operative anthropometric measurements were taken on 72 patients undergoing primary ACL reconstruction, including age, gender, height, weight, BMI, and thigh circumference. The Person correlation coefficient was used to assess the correlation of these anthropometric variables and simple logistic regression was used to evaluate the correlation of these anthropometric variables on the size of the graft that was acquired. Results: Gracilis tendon [GT] length correlates with height (r 1/4 0,432), and semitendinosus [ST] length correlates with thigh circumference (r 1/4 0,255). Women's graft diameter (7.16 ± 0.82 mm) smaller than that of men (7.39 ± 0.63 mm) (p > 0.05), although not statistically significant. The diameter of the autograft was shown to be strongly linked with parameters. Conclusion: As a consequence, our findings suggest that anthropometric measures can be used in the preoperative planning and prediction of hamstring graft length and diameter in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Relationships between body weight and some linear morphometric traits in Nigerian Nsukka ecotype local hens

Body weight (BW) and linear body measurements of 120 Nigerian Nsukka ecotype local hens in terms of body length (BL), chest girth (CG), thigh circumference (TC), thigh length (TL), and shank length (SL) were taken and subjected to Pearson correlation analysis to obtain the relationship between these growth traits. Multiple Linear Stepwise Regression procedure was used to find the best linear combination of the linear body measurements that can best predict BW. The findings showed that linear body measurement traits of Nigerian heavy ecotype local hens were strongly (p < 0.01) and positively correlated (0.5 < r) except thigh length which recorded a moderate value (0.3 < r > 0.5). The regression equations of linear body measurement traits with BW were positive with coefficient of determination ranging from 60.5-74.6%. The stepwise analyses showed shank length as best single measurement with R2 = 0.605, while inclusion of our five predictors in an equation resulted in R2 = 0.746. Thus, the following equation was generated: BW = – 1485.70 + 82.06 SL + 58.34 BL + 38.70 TC + 8.39 CG + 3.85 TL. This showed that they accounted for 74.6% of the variations in the BW of Nigerian heavy ecotype local hens. The prediction equations generated from linear body measurement traits are positive and strong, therefore can accurately be employed to predict the relative BW of Nigerian heavy ecotype local hens during selection programs as well as in the market with the use of measuring tape.