Research on Urban Expressway Lane Width Based on Driving Simulator

CICTP 2019 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanfang Zhang ◽  
Kun Zhao ◽  
Xuekun Wang ◽  
Shuo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Urban Expressway ◽  
Lane Width

scholarly journals EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SPEED REDUCTION MARKINGS IN HIGHWAY TUNNELS

Transport ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongliang Wan ◽  
Zhigang Du ◽  
Qixiang Yan ◽  
Xiaohong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Speed Reduction ◽  
Pavement Markings ◽  
Lane Width ◽  
Speed Perception

As typical weak visual reference systems, highway tunnels have low illumination, monotonous environment and few references, which may cause severe visual illusion and reduce drivers’ speed perception ability. Thus, drivers tend to underestimate their driving speed, which may induce speeding behaviours that result in rear-end collisions. The cost-effective pavement markings installed on both sides of the lane or shoulder may make drivers overestimate their speed. This perception can help ensure safe driving and regulate driving behaviour effectively. This study analyses the effects of sidewall markings in typical low luminance highway tunnels, specifically observing how their angles and lengths affect the driver’s speed perception. A three-dimensional model of highway tunnels was built in a driving simulator. Psychophysical tests of speed perception were carried out by the method of limits. The simulation tests studied the Stimulus of Subjectively Equal Speed (SSES) and reaction time in relation to sidewall markings with different angles. Furthermore, based on the optimal angle, the effects of sidewall marking with different lengths on speed perception were also analysed. The test results reveal that the angle and length of sidewall markings have a significant impact on the driver’s SSES and reaction time. Moreover, the level of speed overestimation decreases with the increase of angle or length of sidewall marking. As the angle of sidewall marking gradually increases, the maximum reaction time first increases and then decreases. Within the angle of sidewall marking of 15°, the subjects have the highest speed overestimation and an easy speed judgment. This may due to Zöllner illusion, the driver’s perception of lane width shrinks may induce deceleration behaviour.

scholarly journals Impact of Regular and Narrow AV-Exclusive Lanes on Manual Driver Behavior

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Ghanipoor Machiani ◽  
Aryan Sohrabi ◽  
Arash Jahangiri
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Driver Behavior ◽  
Mental Effort ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lane Width ◽  
Lane Position ◽  
The Right ◽  
Better Than

This study attempts to answer the question of how a narrow (9-ft) lane dedicated to Automated Vehicles (AVs) would affect the behavior of drivers in the adjacent lane to the right. To this end, a custom driving simulator environment was designed mimicking the Interstate 15 smart corridor in San Diego. A group of participants was assigned to drive next to the simulated 9-ft narrow lane while a control group was assigned to drive next to a regular 12-ft AV lane. Driver behavior was analyzed by measuring the mean lane position, mean speed, and mental effort (self-reported/subjective measure). In addition to AV lane width, the experimental design took into consideration AV headway, gender, and right lane traffic to investigate possible interaction effects. The results showed no significant differences in the speed and mental effort of drivers while indicating significant differences in lane positioning. Although the overall effect of AV lane width was not significant, there were some significant interaction effects between lane width and other factors (i.e., driver gender and presence of traffic on the next regular lane to the right). Across all the significant interactions, there was no case in which those factors stayed constant while AV lane width changed between the groups, indicating that the significant difference stemmed from the other factors rather than the lane width. However, the trend observed was that drivers driving next to the 12-ft lane had better lane centering compared to the 9ft lane. The analysis also showed that while in general female drivers tended to drive further away from the 9-ft lane and performed worse in terms of lane centering, they performed better than male drivers when right-lane traffic was present. This study contributes to understanding the behavioral impacts of infrastructure adaptation to AVs on non-AV drivers.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Vulnerable Road Users Overtaking Maneuver along the Urban Road

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6361
Author(s):  
Manh Dung Vu ◽  
Hirofumi Aoki ◽  
Tatsuya Suzuki ◽  
Sueharu Nagiri ◽  
Quy Hung Nguyen Van ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Road User ◽  
Initial Speed ◽  
Automotive Safety ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Vulnerable Road User ◽  
Lane Width ◽  
Vulnerable Road Users

This paper discusses driving styles while overtaking a vulnerable road user who moves along the shoulder in urban roads. Based on the data obtained from an experiment in pre-defined conditions (combinations of four main effects: vehicle’s initial speed, lane width of the road, vulnerable road users’ type, and location in the shoulder) with an immersive driving simulator, we analyzed four different driving styles of drivers while approaching and passing the objects. It is shown that drivers took avoidance maneuvers even if there was no clear risk of collision to vulnerable road users. The results showed that the drivers tended to have a unique perception about the lateral passing gap and overtaking strategy with two worth notice groups: overcaution drivers and reckless drivers. The road characteristic has a statistically significant effect for all types of drivers. Moreover, the effect of the vehicle’s initial speed on overtaking strategy and the effect of vulnerable road user location on minimum lateral passing gap are statistically significant. The findings provide some implications for the development of automotive safety systems that can reduce the risk of overtaking maneuvers in urban areas.

scholarly journals The Influence of Individual Differences on Diverging Behavior at the Weaving Sections of an Urban Expressway

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Zhanji Zheng ◽  
Qiaojun Xiang ◽  
Xin Gu ◽  
Yongfeng Ma ◽  
Kangkang Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Crash Risk ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Lane Change ◽  
Urban Expressway ◽  
Different Types

Urban expressway weaving sections suffer from a high crash risk in urban transportation systems. Studying driving behavior is an important approach to solve safety and efficiency issues at expressway weaving sections. This study aimed to investigate the influence of drivers’ individual differences on diverging behavior at expressway weaving sections. First, a k-means cluster analysis of 650 questionnaires was performed, to classify drivers into three categories: aggressive, conservative and normal. Then, the driving behavior of 45 drivers from the three categories was recorded in a driving simulator and analyzed by an analysis of variance. The results show that different types of drivers have different driving behaviors at weaving sections. Aggressive drivers have a higher mean speed and mean longitudinal deceleration, followed by normal and conservative drivers. Significant differences in the range of lane-change positions were found between 100, 150 and 200 m of weaving length for the same type of drivers, and the duration of weaving for aggressive drivers was significantly smaller than for normal and conservative drivers. A significant correlation was found between lane-change position and weaving duration. These results can help traffic engineers to propose effective control strategies for different types of drivers, to improve the safety of weaving sections.

A solution to the rear-vision problem in a fixed-base driving simulator

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guihua Yang ◽  
Farnaz Baniahmad ◽  
Beverly K. Jaeger ◽  
Ronald R. Mourant
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Fixed Base
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