Complex spiral wave dynamics in a spatially distributed ionic model of cardiac electrical activity

AbstractThis paper introduces some levels at which the computer has been incorporated in the research into the basis of electrocardiography. The emphasis lies on the modeling of the heart as an electrical current generator and of the properties of the body as a volume conductor, both playing a major role in the shaping of the electrocardiographic waveforms recorded at the body surface. It is claimed that the Forward-Problem of electrocardiography is no longer a problem. Several source models of cardiac electrical activity are considered, one of which can be directly interpreted in terms of the underlying electrophysiology (the depolarization sequence of the ventricles). The importance of using tailored rather than textbook geometry in inverse procedures is stressed.

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A guide to modelling cardiac electrical activity in anatomically detailed ventricles

Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology ◽

10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2007.07.004 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 96 (1-3) ◽

pp. 19-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 120

Author(s):

R.H. Clayton ◽

A.V. Panfilov

Keyword(s):

Electrical Activity ◽

Cardiac Electrical Activity

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ECG Holter analysis to detect induced deconditioning on cardiac activity in bedridden volunteers

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3444 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

S Solbiati ◽

A Paglialonga ◽

L Costantini ◽

E.G Caiani

Keyword(s):

Electrical Activity ◽

Cardiac Activity ◽

Bed Rest ◽

Funding Source ◽

Healthy Male ◽

Tukey Test ◽

T Wave ◽

Rehabilitation Programs ◽

Cardiac Electrical Activity ◽

Ethical Approval

Abstract Introduction Prolonged bed rest (BR) is an unnatural state, often related to hospitalization, chronic diseases and ageing, inducing reduced functional capacity in multiple body systems, possibly leading to cardiovascular deconditioning. We hypothesized that measuring this decline over time could represent the first step for the formulation of appropriate countermeasures or rehabilitation programs while in the hospital. Accordingly, our aim was to assess the effects of 10-day horizontal BR on cardiac electrical activity. Methods Ten healthy male volunteers (23±5 years) were enrolled in an hospital, after ethical approval and signed consent, to participate to a 10-day strict horizontal BR campaign, preceded and followed by 2 days in the facility, respectively as acclimatization and recovery. The 12-leads 24-hours Holter ECG (1000 Hz, H12+, Mortara Instrument Inc.) was acquired 1 day before BR (PRE), the 5th (BR5) and 10th day (BR10) of bedridden immobilization. From each recording, beat-to-beat RR and QTend interval series, as well as T wave amplitude (Tamp) and upslope (Tslope) were computed. Statistical analysis was applied to test changes induced by BR (ANOVA with Tukey test, p<0.05), separately for day (7:00–23:00) and night (23:00–7:00) periods. Results Daily RR and QTend duration increased during BR, with peak changes at BR5 compared to PRE (+13.3% and +3% respectively), and were still prolonged at BR10 (+12.6% and +2.6%). During the night, while RR increased (BR5:+5.3%; BR10:+1.3%), QTend was found progressively shortened (BR5: −1.6%; BR10: −2.9%). Also, day and night Tamp (BR10: −19.5%) and Tslope (BR10 day: −17.1%; night: −7.8%) were found progressively reduced with the duration of BR. Conclusion During BR, cardiac electrical activity is affected by 10-days bedridden immobilization. Noticeably, a mismatch in RR-QTend relation was visible at night, where vagal autonomic system activity is prevailing. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Other. Main funding source(s): Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI)

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Imaging 3-dimensional Cardiac Electrical Activity from Intra-Cavity Potentials

2006 International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society ◽

10.1109/iembs.2006.259561 ◽

2006 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B. He

Keyword(s):

Electrical Activity ◽

3 Dimensional ◽

Cardiac Electrical Activity

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Spiral wave unpinning facilitated by wave emitting sites in cardiac monolayers

Proceedings of The Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspa.2019.0420 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 475 (2230) ◽

pp. 20190420

Author(s):

Shreyas Punacha ◽

Sebastian Berg ◽

Anupama Sebastian ◽

Valentin I. Krinski ◽

Stefan Luther ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

Electrical Activity ◽

Spiral Wave ◽

Electrical Stimulus ◽

Spiral Waves ◽

Time Interval ◽

Field Pulse ◽

The Core ◽

Rotating Wave ◽

Multiple Obstacles

Rotating spiral waves of electrical activity in the heart can anchor to unexcitable tissue (an obstacle) and become stable pinned waves. A pinned rotating wave can be unpinned either by a local electrical stimulus applied close to the spiral core, or by an electric field pulse that excites the core of a pinned wave independently of its localization. The wave will be unpinned only when the pulse is delivered inside a narrow time interval called the unpinning window (UW) of the spiral. In experiments with cardiac monolayers, we found that other obstacles situated near the pinning centre of the spiral can facilitate unpinning. In numerical simulations, we found increasing or decreasing of the UW depending on the location, orientation and distance between the pinning centre and an obstacle. Our study indicates that multiple obstacles could contribute to unpinning in experiments with intact hearts.

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