Most likely maximum entropy for population analysis: A case study in decompression sickness prevention

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef Bennani ◽  
Luc Pronzato ◽  
Maria João Rendas



2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 616-621
Author(s):  
Tarik B. Benomar ◽  
Fuling Biant ◽  
Abdolaziz Muosa Shalgam


2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianrui Jia

Background  China, with a population of 802 million internet users, a handful of the world’s largest internet companies, and an unfolding Social Credit System (SCS), is often criticized for exerting its data power to surveil and discipline its population. Analysis  This article first provides a historical and situated analysis of the SCS as a part of China’s informatization and datafication processes. It then highlights problems in the current legal and regulatory data-protection framework and discusses the self-regulation practices of the private sector. Conclusions and implications  Overall, this case study provides a historical and contextualized understanding of China’s SCS and related big data developments and assesses the implications of these development for the globalizing Chinese internet, technology companies and the Chinese public.Contexte  Avec une population de 802 million d’utilisateurs d’Internet, avec quelques des plus grandes sociétés Internet du monde, et une Système de Crédit Sociale (SCS) en pleine développement, La Chine est souvent critiqué pour utilizer son pouvoir de données pour surveiller et discipliner sa population. Analyse  Tout d’abord, cet article fournit une analyse historique et située de la SCS comme partie des processus de informatisation et datafication de la Chine. Ensuite, il souligne les problèmes du cadre juridique et régulatoire actuel en matière de protection des données et examine les pratiques d’autorégulation du secteur privé.Conclusions et implications  En global, cette étude de cas fournit une compréhension historique et contextualisée du SCS chinois et de l’évolution du Big Data, et évalue les implications de ce développement pour l’Internet chinois en pleine mondialisation, les entreprises technologiques et le public chinois.





1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 1248-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan F Sinclair

Relative fishing mortality (R) is estimated directly as the ratio of commercial catch divided by a research vessel survey index of relative population abundance. If the survey is conducted near the middle of the fishing year, its catchability is constant, and the rate of catch reporting remains constant, R will be proportional to the actual fishing mortality (F). Trends in R will reflect trends in F. A case study is presented where R at age and length are compared with estimates obtained with sequential population analysis (SPA). They were found to be of similar magnitude and trend. This new method would be useful for stocks where SPA is not possible. It would also be a useful addition to analytical assessments where SPA is used; it provides estimates of relative F at length, it is insensitive to changes in natural mortality provided the research survey occurs close to the middle of the fishing year, and it provides useful diagnostics for interpreting SPA results.



Author(s):  
Stephanie S Shih ◽  
Sharon Inkelas

This paper presents a novel approach to probabilistic morphologically-conditioned tonotactics, featuring a case study of Mende, in which tonotactics vary by lexical category. This variation in surface tone patterns is modeled via indexed weight adjustments (i.e., varying slopes) for each constraint in a Maximum Entropy Harmonic Grammar, quantifying the degree to which each lexical class follows basic tonotactic principles in a common base grammar. Approaching morphologically-conditioned phonotactics as indexed weight adjustments of a base grammar offers a solution to the existing stalemate between single grammar (e.g., indexed constraints) and multiple grammar (e.g., Stratal OT; cophonologies) models of lexically-sensitive phonological patterns.



Author(s):  
Siriyara Jagannatha Prathapa ◽  
Swastik Mondal ◽  
Sander van Smaalen

Dynamic model densities according to Mondalet al.[(2012),Acta Cryst.A68, 568–581] are presented for independent atom models (IAM), IAMs after high-order refinements (IAM-HO), invariom (INV) models and multipole (MP) models of α-glycine, DL-serine, L-alanine and Ala–Tyr–Ala atT≃ 20 K. Each dynamic model density is used as prior in the calculation of electron density according to the maximum entropy method (MEM). We show that at the bond-critical points (BCPs) of covalent C—C and C—N bonds the IAM-HO and INV priors produce reliable MEM density maps, including reliable values for the density and its Laplacian. The agreement between these MEM density maps and dynamic MP density maps is less good for polar C—O bonds, which is explained by the large spread of values of topological descriptors of C—O bonds in static MP densities. The density and Laplacian at BCPs of hydrogen bonds have similar values in MEM density maps obtained with all four kinds of prior densities. This feature is related to the smaller spatial variation of the densities in these regions, as expressed by small magnitudes of the Laplacians and the densities. It is concluded that the use of the IAM-HO prior instead of the IAM prior leads to improved MEM density maps. This observation shows interesting parallels to MP refinements, where the use of the IAM-HO as an initial model is the accepted procedure for solving MP parameters. A deconvolution of thermal motion and static density that is better than the deconvolution of the IAM appears to be necessary in order to arrive at the best MP models as well as at the best MEM densities.



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