Deviation of atrial septum primum in association with normal left atrioventricular valve size

Objective It is widely known that some newborn CL/Fr mice with cleft lip and palate (CLP) also have cyanotic symptoms, which have been thought to depend on an atrial septal defect (ASD). In a previous study, we found that cyanotic mice tended to have more severe types of CLP. We hypothesize that the mechanical airway obstruction due to a poorly developed palatal shelf and unmoved tongue in CLP(+) mice might be related to the occurrence of cyanosis. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between ASD and cyanosis in CLP(+) newborns. Method The newborn hearts from CLP(-), noncyanotic CLP(+), cyanotic CLP(+), CL/Fr mice and ICR mice were examined histologically, and the incidence and size of ASD was determined on neonatal day (ND) 0. In CLP(-) newborns, similar procedures were performed from ND 1 to ND 4. Furthermore, in CLP(+) newborns, development of the palatal shelf was examined. Results While all the ICR mice had a well-developed atrial septum, and the incidence of ASD was 0%, about 80% of CL/Fr mice had ASD, irrespective of the presence or absence of CLP and cyanosis. On ND 0, the septum primum was significantly shorter in cyanotic CLP(+) mice than in CLP(-) mice. It also tended to be shorter in CLP(+) mice than in CLP(-) mice. Between the cyanotics and noncyanotics, there were no significant differences in the incidences of ASD and the rate of septal development. In CLP(-) mice, the septum primum developed well later and no ASD was observed on ND 4. Cyanotic newborns had significantly less developed palatal shelves than did noncyanotics. Conclusions Cyanosis may not be related to ASD and the rate of septal development, but may be related to the occurrence of CLP in this strain. Furthermore, we confirmed that some relationship exists between the development of the palatal shelf and cyanosis. The present study supports our hypothesis concerning the cause of cyanosis in CL/Fr mice.

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An unusual tethering of the bridging leaflets in atrioventricular septal defect producing a communication from left atrium to right ventricle

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s1047951100007484 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 84-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C Delgado ◽

O onnin ◽

F Barturen

Keyword(s):

Right Ventricle ◽

Left Atrium ◽

Septal Defect ◽

Atrioventricular Septal Defect ◽

Atrial Septum ◽

Ventricular Septum ◽

Atrioventricular Valve ◽

Atrioventricular Junction ◽

Ultrasonic Examination

AbstractWe describe a 39-year-old woman who was diagnosed as having an unusual atrioventricular septal defect with a communication from left atrium to right ventricle. A common atrioventricular junction, with partially separated right and left atrioventricular orifices, was found at transoesophageal ultrasonic examination. Both bridging leaflets were attached to the underside of the atrial septum, which was grossly malaligned relative to the ventricular septum. The shunt was exclusively from left atrium to right ventricle because of the overriding of the left atrioventricular valve, with the left component of the inferior bridging leaflet firmly fused to the ventricular septal crest.

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Atrioventricular septal defect with a well developed primary component of the atrial septum (“septum primum”)

International Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/0167-5273(85)90206-2 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 243-247 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Inderjit S. Virdi ◽

Barry R. Keeton ◽

Darryl F. Shore

Keyword(s):

Septal Defect ◽

Atrioventricular Septal Defect ◽

Primary Component ◽

Atrial Septum ◽

Septum Primum

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Computerized Vectorcardiogram Data in Atrial Septum Primum Defect

Electrocardiology II - Advances in Cardiology ◽

10.1159/000399678 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 249-253

Author(s):

M. H�gye ◽

J. M�ricz ◽

F. Kasza ◽

I. M�cz� ◽

M. Csan�dy

Keyword(s):

Atrial Septum ◽

Septum Primum

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Atresia of left atrioventricular valve and intact atrial septum with multiple congenital defects corrected by total cavopulmonary connection

Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery ◽

10.1016/s0022-5223(19)34141-8 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 106 (2) ◽

pp. 373-375

Author(s):

Vladimir P. Podzolkov ◽

Sergey B. Zaets ◽

Mikhail R. Chiaureli ◽

Ivan A. Yurlov

Keyword(s):

Atrial Septum ◽

Congenital Defects ◽

Total Cavopulmonary Connection ◽

Atrioventricular Valve ◽

Intact Atrial Septum ◽

Cavopulmonary Connection

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Septum primum malposition defect and inferior sinus venosus defect: a rare association

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s1047951114001899 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 25 (7) ◽

pp. 1389-1392 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Deepa Prasad ◽

Christopher Snyder ◽

Ravi Ashwath

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Distress ◽

Pulmonary Veins ◽

Atrial Septum ◽

Sinus Venosus ◽

Rare Association ◽

Septum Primum ◽

Sinus Venosus Defect ◽

The Right ◽

Inferior Sinus Venosus Defect ◽

Septum Secundum

AbstractWe present a case of a 2-year-old girl who presented with respiratory distress and umbilical abscess, and was found to have an inferior sinus venosus defect, malposition of the atrial septum primum, absent septum secundum, and anomalous drainage of the right upper and lower pulmonary veins to the right atrium.

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Partial atrioventricular canal defect: An educational ultrasound image

Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Research ◽

10.31579/2768-0487/007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 01-02

Author(s):

Aamir Mosaw

Keyword(s):

Ultrasound Image ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Atrial Septum ◽

Cardiac Ultrasound ◽

Atrioventricular Valve ◽

Atrioventricular Canal ◽

Endocardial Cushions ◽

Atrioventricular Canal Defect ◽

Left Ventricular Outflow ◽

Lowermost Portion

Atrioventricular canal defect results from an abnormal or inadequate fusion of the superior and inferior endocardial cushions. Both the complete and partial types of the defect are associated with the ostium primum defect in the lowermost portion of the atrial septum, left ventricular outflow narrowing and the atrioventricular valve abnormalities. The clinical diagnosis of partial atrioventricular canal defect can be confirmed by cardiac ultrasound. The aim of this paper is to preset an educational ultrasound image of partial atrioventricular canal defect.

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Embryonic Development of Heart in Indian Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

International Scholarly Research Notices ◽

10.1155/2014/293675 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anuradha Gupta ◽

Neelam Bansal ◽

Varinder Uppal

Keyword(s):

Interventricular Septum ◽

Age Groups ◽

Bubalus Bubalis ◽

Atrioventricular Valve ◽

Structural Components ◽

Chordae Tendineae ◽

Endocardial Cushions ◽

Internal Structures ◽

Septum Primum ◽

Well Differentiated

The present study was conducted on 35 buffalo foetuses from 0.9 cm CVRL (32 days) to 99.5 cm CVRL (298 days) to observe the morphogenesis and histogenesis of heart. The study revealed that, in 0.9 cm CVRL buffalo foetus, heart was unseptated and tubular which was clearly divided into common atrial chamber dorsally, primitive ventricles ventrally, primitive outflow tract with bulbous cordis region proximally, and aortic sac distally at 1.2 cm CVRL. Septum primum appeared at 1.9 cm CVRL whereas the truncal swellings and fold of interventricular septum appeared at 2.5 cm CVRL foetus. At 3.0 cm CVRL septum primum, endocardial cushions, septum secundum, and foramen ovale were observed. At 7.6 cm CVRL the endocardial cushions fused to form right and left atrioventricular openings and ventricular apex became pointed. Interventricular canal was obliterated and four-chambered heart was recognised along with atrioventricular valve, chordae tendineae, and papillary muscles in 8.7 cm CVRL (66 days) buffalo foetus. The endocardium as well as epicardium of the atria was thicker as compared to ventricle, whereas the myocardium of atria was thin as compared to ventricles in all the age groups. All the internal structures of heart were well differentiated from 50 cm CVRL onwards. The detailed structural components of buffalo heart during prenatal period have been discussed in the present paper.

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