Genetic and phenotypic parameters for pre-weaning growth and weaning conformation of Angus cattle

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
R Barlow ◽  
EB Dettmann
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Components Of Variance ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Environmental Correlations ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
South Wales

Weaning weight (WW) and conformation score (CS) records on Angus calves from four New South Wales herds were analysed by least-squares procedures. Paternal half-sib components of variance and covariance were used to obtain estimates of heritabilities of various measures of growth and cs, as well as genetic, phenotypic and environmental correlations. Estimates of the heritabilities of measures of growth ranged from 0.20 (all data) to 0.24 when derived from heifer data only. The heritability of cs was 0.24 when the data were adjusted for ww, and 0.19 when no covariate was included in the analysis. All correlations among different measures of growth were positive and close to unity. There were small positive phenotypic and environmental correlations (0.19 to 0.36) and small negative genetic correlations between ww and cs (–0.02 to –0.41).

Temporal and spatial variability of the sediments budget of the subaerial beach at Warilla, New South Wales

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 945 ◽  
Author(s):  
IG Eliot ◽  
DJ Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Eof Analysis ◽  
Sediment Volume ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Periodic Fluctuations ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Phase Differences

A 5-year set of profile data from Warilla Beach, N.S.W., measured fortnightly, has been statistically analysed by using Fourier transform, least-squares, and empirical orthogonal function (eigenfunction or EOF) techniques to identify characteristic patterns of temporal and spatial variation in the sediment volume of the subaerial beach. Least-squares analysis enabled separation of the variation in the subaerial beach at Warilla into a 5-year trend, periodic fluctuations and aperiodic events. The periodic fluctuations are dominated by biennial and annual components. The biennial component accounts for 40% of the sediment budget of the subaerial beach, the annual component 30%, 13% is due to the long-term trend over the 5 years, and about 20% is estimated as aperiodic fluctuations mainly related to changes in the wave regime. Phase differences were identified for periodic oscillations on adjacent beach segments and a chronology of change in sediment volume deduced from the phase differences. The results show that variation in the sediment volume of the subaerial beach is determined by interaction between the biennial and seasonal exchanges although the resulting pattern of exchange may be obscured by higher-frequency beach changes. In alternate years the focus of onshore-offshore sediment exchange shifts from the centre of the beach to the exposed, northern sector. The major depositional zone associated with this exchange is located on the southern+entral sector of the beach and the major erosion zone is on the northern part of the beach. The pattern of alongshore sediment exchange was more closely investigated by EOF analysis. The method facilitated separation of onshore-offshore and alongshore modes of sediment transfer and identification of the patterns of alongshore sediment exchange. The first four EOF's for the data on the subaerial beach at Warilla contain 95.3% of the total variance. The fundamental pattern of sediment movement identified in the EOF analysis involves an onshore-offshore transfer of sediment in biennial, seasonal and 6-monthly cycles. The transfer accounts for 61.7% of the variance for the sediment store of the subaerial beach. The amplitude spectrum of the associated time series for this eigenfunction mode shows that the biennial component is dominant. This result supports the results from the least-squares analysis. It could not have been anticipated from previous studies of beach change from New South Wales or elsewhere and is the subject of ongoing investigation. Subsequent eigenfunction modes identify alongshore movements, with three patterns accounting for a further 33.8% of the remaining variance. They are associated with the prevailing system of inshore water circulation and identify major, recurrent rip and bar locations. Time series associated with the eigenfunction modes confirm the dominance of biennial, annual, and biannual sediment transfers occurring on Warilla Beach.

Factors affecting pre-weaning growth and weaning conformation of Angus cattle

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
R Barlow ◽  
EB Dettmann ◽  
LG Williams
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
New South ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Daily Gain

Weaning weight (ww) and conformation score (cs) records from Angus calves in five New South Wales herds were analysed by least-squares procedures to assess the nature and magnitude of variation. Herd, year, age of dam and sex were considered as main effects. Covariates included in the models were weaning age (WA) for ww and average daily gain (ADG), and both WA and ww for cs. Male calves (steers and bulls) were 16.6 kg heavier at weaning than female calves. Dams that were 5-8 years of age weaned calves that were 30.1 kg, 15.4 kg and 6.7 kg heavier than 2-, 3- and 4-year-old dams respectively. When ww was not included as a covariate in the model, age of dam effects on cs reflected those on ww, and there was little difference in cs between males and females. When adjusted for differences in ww, males had poorer cs than females, and calves from 3-year-old dams, and from dams over 8 years old, had poorer cs than those from dams of all other ages. Partial regressions of ww and ADG on WA, and of cs on ww, varied considerably between herd/year/sex subgroups.

scholarly journals Growth, Form and Quambalaria Shoot Blight Tolerance of Spotted Gum in North-eastern New South Wales, Australia

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 180-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. G. Johnson ◽  
A. J. Carnegie ◽  
M. Henson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Form ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Damage Index ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Shoot Blight

AbstractA young provenance/progeny trial of spotted gums, which are major hardwood plantation species in subtropical eastern Australia, was studied for growth, form, and damage from Quambalaria shoot blight. The trial contained a wide range of genotypes, mainly of Corymbia citriodora subsp. variegata, with between one and 21 families per provenance. Genetic parameters were calculated from 23 provenances with four or more families. Provenances superior for growth included four well-represented C. citriodora subsp. variegata provenances, all from south-east Queensland, which also had a high proportion of superior families. Overall, Queensland provenances had significantly higher mean diameter and height than those from New South Wales (NSW), although there were several superior NSW families. Provenances superior for growth also displayed good straightness and relatively fine branching. Relatively low Quambalaria shoot blight damage was recorded for four Queensland provenances and one coastal NSW provenance, which all had high proportions of families with low damage. Provenances that were putative intergrades between C. citriodora subsp. variegata and C. maculata tended to have high damage levels. However, some mediocre provenances contained superior families potentially useful for breeding. Regressions of Quambalaria damage index (QDI) on latitude, and mean height growth on QDI, were highly significant and moderately strong (0.51 and 0.58, respectively), indicating increasing damage in more southern material, and a retarding effect (although not striking) of damage on growth. Individual heritability estimates were low (zero to 0.14) for growth and form, and moderate for QDI (0.31). The genetic correlations for QDI with growth traits were strong and negative (-0.77 and -0.88), supporting a strategy of selecting vigorous trees for breeding programs from provenances and families superior for these traits.

Genetic variation in liveweight and ultrasonic fat depth in Australian Poll Dorset sheep

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 629 ◽  
Author(s):  
KD Atkins ◽  
JI Murray ◽  
AR Gilmour ◽  
AL Luff
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Genetic Response ◽  
Evaluation Procedures ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Breed Improvement

Genetic and phenotypic variances and covariances were estimated for liveweight and ultrasonic fat depth in the Australian Poll Dorset. The data were obtained from the New South Wales Meatsheep Testing Service between 1983 and 1986, and involved 28 159 records from 50 stud flocks. A total of 681 sires were used to derive the half-sib genetic parameters. The data were further grouped according to average age at measurement, so that parameters were estimated for animals within age ranges of 4-6 months, 7-11 months and 12-16 months. Heritabilities for liveweight were between 0.21 and 0.31, with the highest value obtained in the oldest age group. Heritabilities for fat depth varied between 0.26 and 0.31, with the highest value again obtained in the oldest age group. Genetic correlations between liveweight and fat depth were about 0.4 except in 4-6-month-old animals where the estimate was about 0.7. The implications of these parameters to breed improvement programmes are discussed. In particular, the scope for genetic response in producing faster growing, leaner animals at a constant liveweight is highlighted. Information on sire-son generation intervals and apparently limited between-flock genetic variation is reported. The results indicate the need to improve the evaluation procedures for sires within the breed at both the between- and within-flock level.

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