scholarly journals Inheritance of Dimethoate Resistance in the Mackay Strain of the Cattle Tick (Boophilus Microplus) in Australia

1973 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 445 ◽  
Author(s):  
BF Stone ◽  
JT Wilson ◽  
Nerida J Youlton
Keyword(s):  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Susceptible Strain ◽  
Autosomal Gene ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Test Cross ◽  
Phenotype Analysis ◽  
Reciprocal Crossing ◽  
F2 Progeny

Reciprocal crossing with a susceptible strain and phenotype analysis of F l , test cross, and F2 progeny for resistance showed that dimethoate resistance in the Mackay strain of the cattle tick Boophilus micro plus was due to an incompletely dominant autosomal gene.

Inheritance of diazionon resistance in the Biarra strain of the cattle tick (Boophilus microplus) in Australia

1971 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
JT Wilson ◽  
BF Stone ◽  
RH Wharton
Keyword(s):  
Reference Strain ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Autosomal Gene ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Test Cross ◽  
Degree Of Dominance

The organophosphorus-resistant Biarra strain of the cattle tick, B. microplus, from southern Queensland was crossed reciprocally with a susceptible reference strain and the resistances of these parental strains to diazinon were compared with those of F1, test cross, and F2 larvae. The data obtained were in agreement with expectations for one inconlpletely dominant autosomal gene or several closely linked genes controlling resistance. The degree of dominance at LD50s ranged from +0.488 to . + 0.622. Homozygotes and heterozygotes were respectively 20-36 and 9.5-18 times as resistant to diazinon.

The inheritance of DDT-resistance in the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus

1962 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 984 ◽  
Author(s):  
BF Stone
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Autosomal Gene ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Ddt Resistance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Multiresistant Strain

Adults of a DDT-resistant strain of the cattle tick from central Queensland were crossed with adults of a susceptible reference strain, by means of cardboard mating boxes glued to the skins of cattle. F1, backcross, and F2 larvae were tested for resistance to DDT by enclosure of larvae in filter paper packets impregnated with oil solutions of pp'-DDT. F1 and backcross engorged adult females were tested for resistance by injection with oil solutions of pp'-DDT. There was no evidence of departure from a 1 : 1 ratio in the backcrosses or from a 1 : 2 : 1 ratio in the F2, and there was little difference between the compositions of the F1 reciprocal crosses or among the backcrosses derived from them. Therefore DDT resistance in this strain was considered to be due to a single, incompletely recessive, autosomal gene. Engorged nymphs of the resistant strain moulted later in vitro than nymphs of the susceptible strain, and resistant engorged adult females detached from the host later than susceptible engorged adult females. After 13 generations of DDT-free culturing of a multiresistant strain, the percentage of homozygous DDT-resistant ticks in the strain had fallen from a high level to about 55%. This figure remained constant for a further 10 generations.

The inheritance of dieldrin-resistance in the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus

1962 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
BF Stone
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Autosomal Gene ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Laboratory Population ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Multiresistant Strain

Adults of a dieldrin-resistant straiu of cattle tick from southern Queensland were crossed with adults of a susceptible reference strain, by means of cardboard mating boxes glued to the skins of cattle. The F1 and backcross larvae were tested for resistance by enclosure in filter paper packets impregnated with oil solutions of dieldrin. The corresponding engorged adult females were tested by injection with oil solutions of dieldrin. There was no evidence of significant departure from a 1 : 1 ratio of resistant and susceptible phenotypes in the backcrosses, and there was little difference between the composition of the F1 reciprocal crosses or between the backcrosses derived from them. Dieldrin-resistance in this strain appears to be due to a single, dominant autosomal gene. Dieldrin-resistant ticks in a multiresistant strain from central Queensland steadily declined from 50–60% to an undetectable percentage in a laboratory population bred in the absence of dieldrin for 24 generations.

Characterization of three strains of organophosphorus-resistant cattle ticks (Boophilus microplus) from Bajool, Tully and Ingham

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 345 ◽  
Author(s):  
WJ Roulston ◽  
CA Schuntner ◽  
HJ Schnitzerling ◽  
JT Wilson ◽  
RH Wharton
Keyword(s):  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Susceptible Strain ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Cattle Ticks ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Control Failures

Three new strains of organophosphorus-resistant cattle tick from central and northern Queensland named Bajool, Tully and Ingham are described. In dosage-mortality tests on larvae they all have relatively low levels of resistance but can be distinguished from one another and from other described strains. The levels of acetylcholinesterase activity in the three strains differ from those previously described, and all have enhanced ability to detoxify either coumaphos or chlorpyrifos or both. The Bajool strain came from a property reporting control difficulties with chlorpyrifos. Larvae were found to have a seven times increased resistance to chlorpyrifos, about 14% of the acetylcholinesterase activity present in the Yeerongpilly susceptible strain, and increased ability to detoxify chlorpyrifos. In spraying trials involving all parasitic stages, 0.025% chlorpyrifos produced mortalities of 92 and > 99% of the Bajool and Yeerongpilly strains respectively. The Tully strain came from a property using ethion, and the larvae had a six times increased reistance to ethion and coumaphos. The level of acetylcholinesterase activity was about 1.6 times that in the Yeerongpilly strain and the larvae had enhanced ability to detoxify coumaphos. Spraying trials with 0.075% ethion and 0.025% coumaphos produced mortalities of about 90 and > 99% in the Tully and Yeerongpilly strains respectively. The Ingham strain came from a property which had experienced control failures with coumaphos, clenpyrin and chlorpyrifos. The larvae had a four to five times increased resistance to coumaphos and chlorpyrifos, an acetylcholinesterase activity level 1.8 times as great as that of the Yeerongpilly strain, and enhanced detoxication of both chlorpyrifos and coumaphos. Spraying trials with the recommended concentrations of acaricides gave mortalities of 83% with chlorpyrifos, 78% with coumaphos and 93% with ethion compared with > 99% for the Yeerongpilly strain with each of these acaricides.

scholarly journals The Absorption and Metabolism of [14c]Ddt in Ddt-Resistant and Susceptible Strains of the Cattle Tick Boophilus Microplus

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
HJ Sohnitzerling ◽  
WJ Roulston ◽  
CA Sohuntneb
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Susceptible Strain ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Cattle Ticks ◽  
Female Cattle

Engorged female cattle ticks of a DDT -resistant strain absorbed [l4C]DDT at a rate similar to females of a DDT -susceptible strain, but larvae of the resistant strain absorbed it at a faster rate than susceptible larvae

Resistance to DDT in the catle trick, Boophilus microplus (Canestrini)

1957 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 424 ◽  
Author(s):  
BF Stone
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Susceptible Strain ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Selection For

Difficulty was experienced in controlling the cattle tick, on a herd at Rockhampton in central Queensland, by dipping in 0.5 per cent. w/v pp'-DDT. When an animal artificially infested with this strain was sprayed with 1 per cent. w/v pp'-DDT, only 26 per cent. of the engorged females falling from the animal over the 48-hr period after spraying failed to lay viable eggs, as compared with 64 per cent. of susceptible ticks falling from a similarly treated aninial. Both strains were, however, equally susceptible to "Diazinon". Laboratory concentration-response tests with a culture of the Rockhampton ticks indicated that the larvae exhibited a resistance 22 times that of a susceptible strain, and the engorged adult females a degree of resistance probably of the same order. The Rockhampton strain showed no significant resistance to dieldrin or toxaphene. There was no difference in susceptibility to DDT between adults of an 'early-falling' and a "late-falling" substrain of the resistant strain after selection for three generations.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Resistance to Chlorpyrifos in the Mt Alford Strain and to Diazinon in the Gracemere Strain of the Cattle Tick (Boophilus micro plus)

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
BF Stone ◽  
NJ Youlton
Keyword(s):  
Average Degree ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Incomplete Dominance ◽  
Resistance Factors ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Phenotype Analysis ◽  
Reciprocal Crossing ◽  
D Values

Reciprocal crossing of the Mt Alford (A) strain of the cattle tick B .. micro pius with a susceptible (8) strain and phenotype analysis of F 1, testcross and F 2 progeny showed that high chlorpyrifos resistance in strain A was due to two genes that were complementary and jointly exhibited incomplete dominance. Diazinon resistance in the Gracemere (G) strain appeared to be similarly inherited. The 'average' degree of dominance ('average dominance', D ?? ) of high chlorpyrifos resistance over susceptibility, exhibited by F 1 hybrids from A x 8 reciprocal crossings, was + 0�54 on a -1 to + 1 scale and was not significantly different from the parametric value of + O' 5 (semi-dominance). The corresponding D ?? values revealed by G x 8 crossings were + 0�42 for diazinon resistance (significantly less than +0'5) and -0,031 for chlorpyrifos resistance (not significantly different from zero and therefore exhibiting zero dominance/recessivity). Resistance factors for chlorpyrifos in strains A and G forhomozygotes were 74 and 35, respectively, and for F1 hybrids were 25-29 and 5-7, respectively. The resistance factors for diazinon in strain G for homozygotes and F1 hybrids were 174 and 37-41, respectively.

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