Seed development following reciprocal crossing among autotetraploid and diploid Acacia mangium and diploid A. auriculiformis

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. C. Nghiem ◽  
A. R. Griffin ◽  
C. E. Harwood ◽  
J. L. Harbard ◽  
T. Ha Huy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Competition ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Ovule Development ◽  
Viable Seed ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Respective Parent ◽  
Reciprocal Crossing ◽  
Environmental Causes

As part of a program to breed sterile triploid varieties of tropical Acacia, a series of inter-and intra-specific crosses were made among clones of neo-tetraploid A. mangium (AM-4x) and diploid A. mangium (AM-2x) and A. auriculiformis (AA-2x). The present paper reports variation in seed-crop development from anthesis to harvest, in comparison with that after open pollination of the respective parent trees. Abscission of spikes and pods within spikes commenced soon after anthesis and was more rapid in inter-cytotype crosses than in open-pollinated controls. Less than 12% of spikes were retained to maturity in either cytotype, emphasising the likely importance of resource competition during development. Inter-cytotype crosses showed higher levels of abnormal ovule development at 7 weeks after pollination and more undeveloped seeds in those pods which did develop to maturity. No inter-cytotype combination produced more than one viable seed per pod on average, and all needed to be germinated in vitro to survive. A directional effect was apparent in the inter-cytotype crosses within AM but this was not obvious when the cross was inter-specific. The study contributes new knowledge of the post-anthesis timeline for ovule, pod and spike abscission and discusses the likely genetic and environmental causes of observed differences between inter-and intra-cytotype crosses as well as the implications for breeding.

In vitro shoot apex micrografting of mature Acacia mangium

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Monteuuis
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apex ◽  
Acacia Mangium

scholarly journals The effect of pollenizer on the fruit set of plum cultivar Cacanska Najbolja

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Nikolic ◽  
Vera Rakonjac ◽  
Milica Fotiric-Aksic
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
In Vitro Pollen Germination ◽  
Controlled Pollination ◽  
Very High

In this paper, during a 4-year period (2003-2006) effects of six pollenizers (President, Italian Prune, Stanley, Cacanska Rodna, Agen 707, and California Blue) on the degree of fruit set in the plum cultivar Cacanska Najbolja were examined. Besides the controlled pollination of this cultivar, open pollination was investigated. Functional pollen ability in pollenizer-cultivars was established by in vitro pollen germination. Degree of fruit set was determined comparing the number of fruit set (10 days after pollination, 21 days after pollination and number of harvested fruits) against the number of pollinated flowers. The results indicated that all pollenizer cultivars, studied in this paper, possessed satisfactory in vitro pollen germination (30.1-67.4%). The number of fruit set determined 10 days after pollination was very high and did not differ among pollenizers. Highly significant differences were found between the pollenizers in the number of fruit set 21 days after pollination and significant ones in relation to the number of harvested fruits. Compared to open pollination, higher number of fruit set 21 days after pollination and higher number of harvested fruits were obtained when cultivars Stanley (17.0%; 7.6%) and Italian Prune (14.6%; 6.9%) were used as pollenizers, therefore those cultivars are recommendable as good pollenizers for the cultivar Cacanska Najbolja.

scholarly journals In Vitro Clonal Propagation of a Fast Growing Legume Tree-Acacia mangium Willd. Employing Cotyledonary Node Explants

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad SHAHINOZZAMAN ◽  
Mustafa Abul Kalam AZAD ◽  
Muhammad Nurul AMIN
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Cotyledonary Node ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Legume Tree ◽  
In Vitro Clonal Propagation ◽  
Cotyledonary Node Explants

scholarly journals Embryo rescue from interspecific crosses in apple rootstocks

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 969-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Cibele de Mesquita Dantas ◽  
José Itamar Boneti ◽  
Rubens Onofre Nodari ◽  
Miguel Pedro Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Hand Pollination

The objetive of this work was to rescue immature embryos of apple rootstocks Malus prunifolia (Marubakaido) and Malus pumila (M9) after 40-60 days of pollination and to put them into MS culture media supplemented with agar (6 g L-1) and casein hydrolysate (500 mg L-1). Embryos originated from interspecific crosses and open pollination showed differences in the in vitro responses, depending on the female parent, the developmental stage of the embryo, and the culture medium composition. Embryos of the M. pumila rootstock, rescued within 40 days after pollination and put in culture medium supplemented with indolacetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA3), kinetin and maltose, resulted in a normal development of plantlets. However, embryos originating from hand-pollination, cultivated in medium supplemented with 14 µM IAA, 5 µM kinetin and 1.5 µM Ga3 (MS1), mainly those of M. prunifolia x M. pumila, showed a high percentage of rusted embryos (96.2%). Embryos from open pollination of M. prunifolia and M. pumila formed calluses. It was possible to identify the influence of the female parent by the enhanced development of M. pumila shoots derived from open or hand-pollination. The crossing of responsive species and the use of the technique of embryo culture provided a rapid and uniform germination and, consequently, the development of fully normal seedlings.

scholarly journals Morfofisiologia e valor nutritivo do capim-braquiária sob sombreamento natural e a sol pleno

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domingos Sávio Campos Paciullo ◽  
Carlos Augusto Brandão de Carvalho ◽  
Luiz Januário Magalhães Aroeira ◽  
Mirton José Frota Morenz ◽  
Fernando César Ferraz Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar características morfofisiológicas e o valor nutritivo da Brachiaria decumbens, nas épocas chuvosas de 2003 e 2004, em um sistema silvipastoril, com faixas de 30 m de largura com essa gramínea, alternadas com faixas de 10 m com árvores de Acacia mangium, A. angustissima, Mimosa artemisiana, Leucaena leucocephala x L. diversifolia, Eucalyptus grandis. Foi adotado o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, em parcelas subsubdivididas (características morfofisiológicas) ou parcelas subdivididas (características do valor nutritivo), com quatro repetições. Em 2003, o sombreamento foi de 65% da radiação incidente fora do bosque e, em 2004, de 35%, depois da retirada de árvores de eucalipto. Sob sombreamento, a densidade de perfilhos, o índice de área foliar e a massa de forragem foram maiores no segundo ano. Os teores médios de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) foram maiores a pleno sol que sob sombreamento, enquanto os valores médios de proteína bruta (PB) e a digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca foram maiores à sombra. O sombreamento moderado aumenta os teores de PB, reduz os teores de FDN e incrementa a digestibilidade da forragem de gramíneas que crescem sob a copa das árvores.

scholarly journals Bradyrhizobia Nodulating the Acacia mangium × A. auriculiformis Interspecific Hybrid Are Specific and Differ from Those Associated with Both Parental Species

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (24) ◽  
pp. 7752-7759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Le Roux ◽  
Diana Tentchev ◽  
Yves Prin ◽  
Doreen Goh ◽  
Yani Japarudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Rhizobium Strains ◽  
Homologous Strain ◽  
Yeast Extract Mannitol ◽  
Almost All

ABSTRACT In the context of an increasing utilization of the interspecific hybrid Acacia mangium × A. auriculiformis as a plantation tree in the tropical humid zone, its symbiotic characterization was carried out in comparison with that of its two parental species. Rhizobium strains of diverse geographical origins were isolated from root nodules of the hybrid and its parents. Almost all Acacia hybrid isolates were fast growing on yeast extract-mannitol medium, in contrast to those isolated from both parental species, which were mostly slow growing. The rhizobium strains were characterized through partial sequencing of the rRNA operon. In the phylogenetic tree, almost all strains isolated from the hybrid were grouped together in a clade close to Bradyrhizobium japonicum, while all strains isolated from both parental species were close to Bradyrhizobium elkanii. Inoculation experiments performed under in vitro or greenhouse conditions showed that all strains were infective with their original hosts but exhibited very variable degrees of effectivity according to the host plant tested. Thus, homologous strain-host associations were more effective than heterologous ones. This shows that there is still a high potential for isolating and testing new strains from hybrids to be used as inoculants in the context of large-scale afforestation programs.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Acacia mangium shoot apical meristems in natural and in vitro conditions in relation to heteroblasty

Trees ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 1031-1044
Author(s):  
Clemence Hatt ◽  
François Mankessi ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Durand ◽  
Frédéric Boudon ◽  
Fabienne Montes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Apical Meristems ◽  
Shoot Apical Meristems

Oxygen toxicity in neonatal and adult animals of various species

1978 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 699-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Frank ◽  
J. R. Bucher ◽  
R. J. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Oxygen Toxicity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Exposure System ◽  
Hyperoxic Exposure ◽  
Respective Parent ◽  
Study Support

Neonatal and adult animals of five species were exposed to 95+% O2. Survival time and changes in lung antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GP)) in response to hyperoxia were determined. Adult animals succumbed to O2 lung toxicity in 3--5 days. Neonatal rats, mice and rabbits showed minimal lung changes after 7 days of hyperoxic exposure and these same neonatal animals showed rapid and significant increases in lung antioxidant enzyme activities. In contrast, neonatal guinea pigs and hamsters had no lung antioxidant enzyme response to hyperoxia and these neonates died in 95+% O2 as readily as their respective parent animals. Results from an in vitro hyperoxic exposure system suggest that the lack of enzymic response of the guinea pig (and hamster) neonates to O2 challenge is due to an inherent pulmonary biochemical unresponsiveness rather than to a deficiency of a necessary “serum factor.” The results of this species and age study support the important role of the lung antioxidant enzyme defense system in protection of the lung from O2-induced injury.

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