Theory of alternating current polarography. I. Equation of the reversible AC polarographic wave

1954 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 225 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Breyer ◽  
S Hacobian
Keyword(s):  
Mercury Electrode ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Polarographic Wave ◽  
Dropping Mercury Electrode ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
In Virtue Of ◽  
Alternating Voltage ◽  
Polarographic Current

An equation for the A.C. polarographic current is derived from considerations of concentration changes produced at the dropping mercury electrode in virtue of the superposition of a small sinusoidal alternating voltage onto the direct potential, for the case of reversibly reduced inorganic ions. The equation predicts the magnitude of the A.C. polarographic current at any point on the polarogram.

Alternating current polarography of Organic compounds. IV. Perinaphthenone

1955 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 480 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Breyer ◽  
HH Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Mercury Electrode ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Multilayer Adsorption ◽  
Adsorbed Film ◽  
Polarographic Wave ◽  
Dropping Mercury Electrode

The behaviour of perinaphthenone at the dropping mercury electrode has been investigated by the combined techniques of conventional (D.C.) and alternating current (A.C.) polarography. Two D.C. steps were observed, but an A.C. polarographic wave was found only at the potential of the more positive D.C. step. Two tensammetric waves were also seen, one of which appears to be the outcome of multilayer adsorption or of a change in state of the adsorbed film.

Alternating current polarography of organic compounds. V. Quantitative treatment of the adsorption process

1956 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Breyer ◽  
HH Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium ◽  
Mercury Electrode ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Qualitative Explanation ◽  
Calibration Curves ◽  
Adsorbent Surface ◽  
Dropping Mercury Electrode ◽  
Quantitative Treatment

Equations are derived to express the adsorption equilibrium subsisting at an adsorbent surface in the presence of two adsorbable species. These equations are applied to the case of the reduction of organic compounds at the dropping mercury electrode. It is well known that adsorption at the electrode can produce irreversibility in the D.C. step, and a qualitative explanation is provided. The same treatment is used to explain the shape of the A.C. calibration curves.

Alternating current polarography of organic compounds. III. Chloranilic acid

1955 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 472 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Breyer ◽  
HH Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Mercury Electrode ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Multilayer Adsorption ◽  
Chloranilic Acid ◽  
Adsorbed Film ◽  
Dropping Mercury Electrode ◽  
New Type ◽  
Surface Active

The behaviour of chloranilic acid at the dropping mercury electrode has been techniques of ordinary and of alternating current polarography. A new type of tensammetric wave has been encountered, which is probably an outcome either of multilayer adsorption and/or of a change in state of the adsorbed film. At the same time, a new tensammetric phenomenon, the exchange of one species of surface-active molecules against another, has been observed. Alternating current polarography can be used for estimating chloranilic acid at concentrations as low as 10-7M, whereas conventional polarography does not permit analysis at concentrations below 10-5M.

Direct current polarography in the presence of alternating voltages. II. Irreversible systems

1954 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 312 ◽  
Author(s):  
GS Buchanan ◽  
RL Werner
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Mercury Electrode ◽  
Dropping Mercury Electrode ◽  
Alternating Voltage

The superposition of a small alternating voltage on the normal D.C. voltage applied at the dropping mercury electrode (D.M.E.) results in the case of irreversible systems in a marked displacement of the entire D.C. wave, in contradistinction to those cases known to be reversible. Such a displacement has been interpreted in terms of an ionic picture. The cases examined were ZnO2--, Fe++, Ni++, Sb+++ in the presence of varying concentrations of Cl-, and Cd++ in the presence of varying concentrations of cyclohexanol. The effect of frequency was investigated.

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