Species delimitation integrative approach reveals three new species in the Nemertopsis bivittata complex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecili B. Mendes ◽  
Jon L. Norenburg ◽  
Sónia C. S. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Genomic Markers ◽  
Three New Species

The presence of cryptic species is fairly frequent in many invertebrate groups and even more so among invertebrates with simple morphology, such as nemerteans. Consequently, the use of molecular methods for species delimitation has become a needed tool to complement morphological analyses to better recognise such species. Nemertopsis bivittata is one example of species with subtle morphological variation, but ample geographic distribution, being a good candidate for a species complex study. Here we applied two mitochondrial genes, and 2903 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants in addition to morphological characters to investigate the presence of cryptic species among specimens previously identified as N. bivittata along the Brazilian Coast. To do so, specimens were collected at 15 different sites in the north-east, south-east and southern regions. Three new species of Nemertopsis are described based on morphological and molecular analyses: Nemertopsis caete sp. nov., Nemertopsis pamelaroeae sp. nov. and Nemertopsis berthalutzae sp. nov. The species N. pamelaroeae and N. berthalutzae present broad distributions from north-east to south-east; N. caete, however, is restricted to the north-east coast. This is the first study to use this combined approach in nemerteans and shows the advantages of integrating genomic markers with classical taxonomy, and applying objective approaches to delimiting species as independently evolving entities.

Integrative approach reveals underestimated Peyssonneliales diversity in Brazil: registering the first occurrence of Ramicrusta and Incendia, with the description of three new species

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 439 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-55
Author(s):  
EDILENE MARIA DOS SANTOS PESTANA ◽  
GOIA DE MATTOS LYRA ◽  
GABRIEL DO NASCIMENTO SANTOS ◽  
CIBELE CONCEIÇÃO DOS SANTOS ◽  
VALÉRIA CASSANO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Sister Relationship ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
Three New Species

Peyssonneliaceae represents a monophyletic clade of red encrusting algae classified Peyssonneliales. Molecular analyses have been important for revealing unknown diversity in this family, which includes small, cryptic organisms, frequently distinguished solely by discrete anatomical characters. Brazil however, remains virtually unknown. To assess this diversity, phylogenetic and barcoding analyses using rbcL, COI-5P and SSU data, as well as morpho-anatomical analyses were performed. Here we report the first occurrence of two genera on the Brazilian coast: Ramicrusta and Incendia, and describe three new species: Ramicrusta fujiiana sp. nov., Ramicrusta paradoxa sp. nov. and Incendia yoneshigueana sp. nov. Ramicrusta was resolved as a monophyletic clade in the three reconstructed phylogenies, and had congruent topologies. In the rbcL phylogeny, Ramicrusta fujiiana formed a well-supported clade sister to a well-supported clade including R. aranea (Vanuatu, type locality) and R. textilis (Jamaica, type locality). Morphological characters of R. paradoxa are not in agreement with the original description of the genus. Therefore, we present an updated and broader concept of Ramicrusta. Incendia was resolved as a monophyletic clade with full support for rbcL. Incendia yoneshigueana is in a sister relationship with I. glabra (Vanuatu, type locality). This study extends the distributions of Ramicrusta and Incendia, proposes three new species, and confirms the effectiveness of rbcL, COI-5P and SSU in inferring phylogenetic relationships and delimiting species in the Peyssonneliales. The integrative approach established clear taxonomic concepts for the studied genera and species, and identified useful characters for genera delimitation in Peyssonneliaceae.

A distinctive new species of Xyrodromeus Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Madagascar

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 452 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEAN-LUC GATTOLLIAT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Intermediate Position ◽  
Single Variable ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Three New Species

The genus Xyrodromeus Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty was established for Afrotropical species of Baetidae (Ephemeroptera) possessing bladelike mandibles. Recently, three new species were described from Madagascar. Xyrodromeus ambiguus n. sp. is established for larvae collected in the North and North-East of Madagascar. It possesses most of the generic features of Xyrodromeus, but differs significantly from all the previously known species by possessing two rows of denticles on the tarsal claws. This species has an intermediate position between Xyrodromeus and Dicentroptilum Wuillot & Gillies. While it may confirm the strong relationship between the two genera, it also opens the question of their validity and could suggest that all these species belong to a single variable and graded genus.

New species and emendations of Orphella: taxonomic and phylogenetic reassessment of the genus to establish the Orphellales, for stonefly gut fungi with a twist

Mycologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
White ◽  
Guàrdia Valle ◽  
Lichtwardt ◽  
Siri ◽  
Strongman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North American ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Cascade Range ◽  
New Order ◽  
The North ◽  
Smoky Mountains ◽  
Sexual Stages ◽  
Three New Species

We consolidate and present data for the sexual stages of five North American species of Orphella, fungal members of trichomycetes previously classified within Harpellales. Three species emendations accommodate the newly recognized characters, including not only the coiled zygospores and accompanying cells but also other morphological traits not provided in the original descriptions for O. avalonensis, O. haysii, and O. hiemalis. We describe three new species, Orphella cataloochensis from both the Smoky Mountains in USA and two provinces in Canada as well as O. pseudoavalonensis and O. pseudohiemalis, both from the Cascade Range, in Oregon, USA. Key morphological features for all known species are summarized and reviewed, with illustrations of some of the North American taxa to update and supplement the literature. The entire suite of morphological characters is discussed, with emphasis on species relationships and hypotheses on possible vicariant origins. We also present a molecular phylogeny based on nuc rDNA 18S and 28S, which supports Orphella as a lineage distinct from Harpellales, and we establish a new order, Orphellales, for it. With the combination of sexual features, now known for 12 of the 14 species of Orphella, and new molecular data, the group is now better characterized, facilitating and hopefully also promoting future studies toward a better understanding of their relationships, origins, and evolutionary history as stonefly gut–dwelling fungi.

Three new remarkable carnivorous sponges (Porifera, Cladorhizidae) from deep New Zealand and Australian (Macquarie Island) waters

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2976 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHELLE KELLY ◽  
JEAN VACELET
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
East Coast ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Volcanic Arc ◽  
Macquarie Island ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Central Tooth ◽  
Three New Species

Most specimens of carnivorous sponges (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Cladorhizidae) collected in the deep Pacific are usually found to be undescribed taxa. New Zealand’s EEZ, containing Kermadec Trench and Volcanic Arc to the north, Chatham Rise to the southeast, and parts of Macquarie Ridge to the southwest of New Zealand, as well as parts of Australia’s EEZ surrounding Macquarie Island, on Macquarie Ridge, have produced high numbers of new species and possibly new genera, and these are presently being described. In this work, we describe three new species of Cladorhizidae, each remarkable for the ‘exceptions to the rule’ that they represent. Abyssocladia carcharias sp. nov., from Monowai Seamount on the Kermadec Volcanic Arc, has the shape of a pedunculate disc with radiating filaments, and is characterized by three types of unique multidentate isochelae. Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) anisoplacochela sp. nov., from the southern most end of the Three Kings Ridge, is erect and cylindrical with lateral expansions. In addition to the usual Asbestopluma microscleres, this species displays a new form of microsclere, termed ‘anisoplacochelae’. These unprecedented microscleres bear a plate-like central tooth similar to that of the placochelae of Guitarridae, but the ends are dissimilar in shape and dimensions. Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) desmophora sp. nov., from Cavalli Seamounts off the north east coast of New Zealand, Hikurangi Plateau to the east of the North Island, and the Chatham Rise extending east from the South Island (all New Zealand EEZ), and on Macquarie Ridge (Australia EEZ), is an erect dichotomously branching sponge, that has desma megascleres densely packed into the enlarged base of attachment. Implications for the phylogeny of these three unusual species are considered.

scholarly journals Conspicuously concealed: revision of the arid clade of theGehyra variegata(Gekkonidae) group in Western Australia using an integrative molecular and morphological approach, with the description of five cryptic species

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Kealley ◽  
Paul Doughty ◽  
Mitzy Pepper ◽  
J. Scott Keogh ◽  
Mia Hillyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Extreme North

The methods used to detect and describe morphologically cryptic species have advanced in recent years, owing to the integrative nature of molecular and morphological techniques required to elucidate them. Here we integrate recent phylogenomic work that sequenced many genes but few individuals, with new data from mtDNA and morphology from hundreds of gecko specimens of theGehyra variegatagroup from the Australian arid zone. To better understand morphological and geographical boundaries among cryptic forms, we generated new sequences from 656Gehyraindividuals, largely assigned toG. variegatagroup members over a wide area in Western Australia, with especially dense sampling in the Pilbara region, and combined them with 566Gehyrasequences from GenBank, resulting in a dataset of 1,222 specimens. Results indicated the existence of several cryptic species, from new species with diagnostic morphological characters, to cases when there were no useful characters to discriminate among genetically distinctive species. In addition, the cryptic species often showed counter-intuitive distributions, including broad sympatry among some forms and short range endemism in other cases. Two new species were on long branches in the phylogram and restricted to the northern Pilbara region: most records of the moderately sizedG. incognitasp. nov. are near the coast with isolated inland records, whereas the small-bodied saxicolineG. unguiculatasp. nov. is only known from a small area in the extreme north of the Pilbara. Three new species were on shorter branches in the phylogram and allied toG. montium. The moderately sizedG. cryptasp. nov. occurs in the western and southern Pilbara and extends south through the Murchison region; this species was distinctive genetically, but with wide overlap of characters with its sister species,G. montium. Accordingly, we provide a table of diagnostic nucleotides for this species as well as for all other species treated here. Two small-bodied species occur in isolated coastal regions:G. capensissp. nov. is restricted to the North West Cape andG. ocellatasp. nov. occurs on Barrow Island and other neighbouring islands. The latter species showed evidence of introgression with the mtDNA ofG. cryptasp. nov., possibly due to recent connectivity with the mainland owing to fluctuating sea levels. However,G. ocellatasp. nov. was more closely related toG. capensissp. nov. in the phylogenomic data and in morphology. Our study illustrates the benefits of combining phylogenomic data with extensive screens of mtDNA to identify large numbers of individuals to the correct cryptic species. This approach was able to provide sufficient samples with which to assess morphological variation. Furthermore, determination of geographic distributions of the new cryptic species should greatly assist with identification in the field, demonstrating the utility of sampling large numbers of specimens across wide areas.

scholarly journals Description of three new species of Geometridae (Lepidoptera) using species delimitation in an integrative taxonomy approach for a cryptic species complex

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11304
Author(s):  
Simeão S. Moraes ◽  
Ygor Montebello ◽  
Mariana A. Stanton ◽  
Lydia Fumiko Yamaguchi ◽  
Massuo J. Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Cryptic Species Complex ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Host Plant Use

The genus Eois Hübner (Geometridae: Larentiinae) comprises 254 valid species, 217 of which were described from the Neotropics and 31 of those having their type locality in Brazil. Since this species rich genus has never been revised, and may potentially include many cryptic undescribed species, Eois embodies a problematic taxonomic scenario. The actual diversity of Eois is greatly underestimated and the Brazilian fauna is poorly known, both because of inadequate sampling and because of the potential existence of cryptic species "hidden" within some nominal taxa. In this study we investigated the diversity within a cryptic species complexes associated to the E. pallidicosta and E. odatis clades. We describe three new species Eois oya Moraes & Montebello sp. nov., Eois ewa Moraes & Stanton sp. nov., and Eois oxum Moraes & Freitas sp. nov., in an integrative taxonomy approach, using morphology, host plant use and species delimitation tools.

New species of Eutarsopolipus (Trombidiformes: Podapolipidae) from the pterostichine genera Castelnaudia and Trichosternus (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in Australia

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4717 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
OWEN D. SEEMAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
North East ◽  
Variable Species ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Large Hook ◽  
Geographically Isolated

Three new species of Eutarsopolipus Berlese are described from the flightless pterostichine carabid genera Castelnaudia Tschitscherine and Trichosternus Chaudoir found in rainforests in eastern Queensland: Eutarsopolipus piraticus sp. nov. from Trichosternus frater Darlington and T. mutatus Darlington in north-east Queensland; E. uncatus sp. nov. from C. obscuripennis (Macleay) in north-east Queensland; and E. verberatus sp. nov. from Castelnaudia eungella (Darlington) in middle-eastern Queensland and C. wilsoni (Castelnau) in south-east Queensland. These species are unique in Eutarsopolipus by having large hook-like unguinal setae on tarsi II–III. All species differ by only a few minor features, and the geographically isolated populations of E. verberatus could not be distinguished reliably. Surprisingly, the presence/absence of leg I claws and seta v″ on femur I, which have been used to create species groups, is intraspecifically variable. Species delimitation and the tarsal setation of Podapolipidae, particularly Eutarsopolipus, are also discussed. 

Three new species ofStrongylacidon(Chondropsidae: Poecilosclerida: Demospongiae) from north-east Brazil, with new morphological characters for the family

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 859-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Menegola ◽  
George Joaquim Garcia Santos ◽  
Fernando Moraes ◽  
Guilherme Muricy
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Outer Edge ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
North East ◽  
The Family ◽  
Fernando De Noronha ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Definition Of

Three new species ofStrongylacidonfrom north-east Brazil are described:Strongylacidon oxychaetumsp. nov. andStrongylacidon solangeaesp. nov. from Bahia State, andStrongylacidon chelospinatasp. nov. from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Pernambuco State.Strongylacidon oxychaetumsp. nov. has thinly encrusting shape with lobate projections, strongyles, oxychaetes and arcuate chelae;S. solangeaesp. nov. is characterized by having massive shape with hispid surface, strongyles and unguiferate chelae; andS. chelospinatasp. nov. present thinly encrusting shape, strongyles, and arcuate isochelae with large spines on the outer edge of the axis. An identification key for the nine valid species ofStrongylacidonfrom the Tropical Western Atlantic is provided. New morphological characters, viz., oxychaetes and spined arcuate isochelae (here termed acanthochelae), are added to the definition of the genusStrongylacidonand of the family Chondropsidae.

Systematic revision and reappraisal of the Kakaducarididae Bruce (Crustacea : Decapoda : Caridea) with the description of three new species of Leptopalaemon Bruce & Short

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Short ◽  
Christopher L. Humphrey ◽  
Timothy J. Page
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
The North ◽  
Arnhem Land ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
North Western

The freshwater shrimp family Kakaducarididae Bruce, 1993 is revised and its familial status reappraised using morphological characters and the results of a complementary molecular study (Page et al. 2008). Based on combined morphological–molecular data, the Kakaducarididae is synonymised with the Palaemonidae Rafinesque, 1815 and the monotypic genus Kakaducaris Bruce, 1993 is synonymised with Leptopalaemon Bruce & Short, 1993. The Texan cave shrimp, Calathaemon holthuisi (Strenth, 1976), provisionally included in the Kakaducarididae by Bruce (1993), is re-assigned back to the Palaemonidae. Leptopalaemon is re-diagnosed and three new species, L. gibbosus, sp. nov., L. gudjangah, sp. nov. and L. magelensis, sp. nov., are described from the north-western edge of the Arnhem Land plateau/escarpment complex, Northern Territory, Australia. The two previously described species, L. gagadjui Bruce & Short, 1993 and L. glabrus (Bruce, 1993), comb. nov. are re-diagnosed. A key to the five presently recognised Leptopalaemon species is provided.

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