Eggs and Larvae of the Four-winged Flying Fish, Hirundichthys speculiger (Valenciennes)

1954 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
ISR Munro
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
New South ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Specific Identification ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Flying Fish ◽  
Egg Membrane ◽  
Floating Objects ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Early Larvae

The eggs of the four-winged or mirror-finned hirundine flying fish, Hirundichthys speculiger (Valenciennes), are spawned off the New South Wales coast in masses attached to floating objects. The eggs are heavier than sea-water and employ floating objects to buoy them at the surface. The eggs adhere by means of cords of long filaments attached to one pole of the egg membrane. Specific identification of the eggs is based on the arrangement of these filaments. A sample of naturally spawned eggs was maintained in culture for 15 days. The larvae appeared to feed on ciliate protozoans after absorption of the yolk sac. The eggs and early larvae are described and illustrated.

Growth of four species of juvenile fish associated with the Seagrass Zostera capricorni, in Botany Bay, NSW

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
DG Worthington ◽  
DJ Ferrell ◽  
SE NcNeill ◽  
JD Bell
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
New South ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Length Frequency ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Sampling Programme

Populations of four species of juvenile fish- Rhabdosargus sarba, Acanthopagrus australis, Achoerodus viridis and Girella tricuspidata-were sampled from a seagrass bed in Botany Bay, New South Wales. Fish were collected eight times between 22 March 1990 and 22 February 1991, using a small seine-net. Growth rates were calculated from the progression of cohorts in length-frequency distributions. Cohorts of R. sarba, A. australis and A. viridis grew most slowly during winter (0.02, 0.04 and 0.21 mm day-1, respectively); growth then increased, peaking just prior to the loss of the cohort from the habitat (0.3 1, 0.24 and 0.39 mm day-1). Populations of R. sarba, A. australis and A. viridis were comprised of one or two cohorts that remained in the habitat for at least 3-4 months. Conversely, up to seven cohorts of G. tricuspidata were found between October and February, and most cohorts did not remain in the habitat for more than 2 months. As a result, there were only two confident estimates of growth for G. tricuspidata: 0.23 mm day-1 between October and November, and 0.34 mm day-1 between January and February. Individuals of each species were also kept in a flow-through 4000-L tank of sea water. Growth of cohorts of fish kept in the tank was very similar to that found in natural populations during the same time period. The rates of recruitment and loss of cohorts from seagrass can be rapid and these factors must be considered in designing a sampling programme to assess growth by analysis of length-frequency distributions.

Growth, Feeding and condition of the fork-tailed catfish Arius graeffei Kner & Steindachner (Pisces : Ariidae) from the Clarence River, New South Wales

1985 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Rimmer
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
New South ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Gonadal Maturation ◽  
Similar Length ◽  
Relative Condition Factor ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

Both sexes of A. graeffei have similar length-weight relationships and mature at approximately the same size. Relative condition factor decreased in winter when water temperatures dropped to minimum. Feeding activity in females decreased before spawning, and males ceased feeding while brooding eggs and larvae. Gonadal maturation and buccal incubation were associated with decreases in stored visceral fat and hepatosomatic ratio, respectively.

Early development and buccal incubation in the fork-tailed catfish Arius graeffei Kner & Steindachner (Pisces : Ariidae) from the Clarence River, New South Wales

1985 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 405 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Rimmer
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Brood Size ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Oral Epithelium ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Brooding Period ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Branchial Region

Fertilized oocytes of A. graeflei ranged from 12.3 to 15.2 mm in diameter (mean 13.3 mm). Eggs and larvae were incubated orally by the male; maximum observed brood size was 83. The branchial region of brooding males became distended to accommodate the eggs and larvae, and the oral epithelium thickened to cover the palatine tooth patches. The brooding period lasted from 6 to 8 weeks, with hatching at 4-5 weeks. Larvae began feeding on plankton soon after hatching, and juveniles were up to 59 mm total length when released. The average increase in weight from fertilization to release was 20%.

Activation of a mangrove snail, Littorina scabra scabra (L.) (Gastropoda : Prosobranchia)

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 607 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Little ◽  
P Stirling
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
New South ◽  
High Water ◽  
Physical Disturbance ◽  
Mangrove Swamp ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Mangrove Snail ◽  
Short Time

Cues leading to activity in L. scabra scabra in the Patonga Creek mangrove swamp, New South Wales, were investigated. Experimental stimulation with fresh water and sea water caused activity in a short time, as also did physical disturbance, but increased relative humidity had no effect. As most of the L. scabra scabra population occurred above the extreme high water of spring tides it could not have been stimulated to activity by tidal immersion. It is concluded that rain and dew are the major natural cues leading to activity.

Investigations on Underwater Fouling. I. The Role of Bacteria in the Early Stages of Fouling

1950 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
EJ Ferguson Wood
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Organic Film ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Glass Slides ◽  
Algal Spores

Investigations of the biological factors involved in the fouling, by organisms, of objects immersed in sea-water have been commenced. It has been shown that algal spores, diatoms, and to a smaller extent, bacteria are concerned in initiating primary organic film formation on glass slides immersed in the sea at stations on the coast of New South Wales near Sydney.

High chromium and vanadium in andalusite, phengite and retrogressive margarite in contact metamorphosed Ba-rich black slate from the Abercrombie Beds, New South Wales, Australia

1990 ◽  
Vol 54 (376) ◽  
pp. 381-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent J. Morand
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
New South ◽  
Regional Metamorphism ◽  
Black Shales ◽  
Contact Metamorphism ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Lachlan Fold Belt ◽  
Black Slate ◽  
Pale Green ◽  
Very High

AbstractGraphitic, quartz-rich black slate within the Late Ordovician Abercrombie Beds, Lachlan Fold Belt, southeast Australia, has undergone contact metamorphism adjacent to the Siluro-Devonian Wyangala Batholith. This produced porphyroblasts of andalusite and cordierite, and smaller grains of pale green phengitic mica. Later regional metamorphism caused complete retrogression of cordierite and partial retrogression of andalusite, with margarite replacing some andalusite.The aluminous minerals andalusite, margarite and phengite all contain V and Cr substituting for Al. Andalusite has up to 1.39% V2O3 and 1.09% Cr2O3, margarite has up to 1.07% V2O3 and 0.37% Cr2O3, and phengitic mica has up to 6.93% V2O3 and 1.52% Cr2O3. This mica also has BaO contents of up to 1.96%.Chemical analyses reveal very high SiO2 contents for these rocks (about 89%), carbon contents of about 2%, and extremely low CaO, FeO, MgO and Na2O. Although V and Cr are prominent in aluminous minerals, their concentrations in the rock are only about average for black shales. However, Ba values range from 2000 to 6000 p.p.m., well above average for black shales. It is suggested that V and Cr probably precipitated from sea water, but Ba may have been concentrated by planktonic organisms such as radiolaria.

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