Spermiation response to exogenous hormone therapy in hibernated and non-hibernated boreal toads (Anaxyrus boreas boreas)

Refugia likely represent a critical resource necessary for the persistence of populations of Boreal Toads ( Anaxyrus boreas boreas (Baird and Girard, 1852)) in a given area. However, the features that define suitable refuge microsites and the extent to which the habitat surrounding refugia is exploited remains unclear. We sought to describe refuge characteristics in the context of their surroundings and to determine whether local-scale movement behaviour associated with refuge use might provide a novel perspective of landscape-level habitat selection. A pilot study suggested that refugia were selected primarily for physical structure in the form of coarse woody debris, but this was not the case. Instead, refugia provided favourable microclimates with elevated relative humidity compared with the surrounding habitat. Boreal Toads tended to forage at night within 15 m from refugia. This distance was used to calculate activity centres across toad summer home ranges. Activity centres prioritized the importance of treeless habitat overall and wetland habitat for females when compared with 50% core home ranges. This approach could be used to pinpoint critical habitat at the landscape scale, which may be of particular importance for conserving populations currently in decline.

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A hormone priming regimen and hibernation affect oviposition in the boreal toad (Anaxyrus boreas boreas)

Theriogenology ◽

10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.04.017 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 84 (4) ◽

pp. 600-607 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

N.E. Calatayud ◽

C.J. Langhorne ◽

A.C. Mullen ◽

C.L. Williams ◽

T. Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anaxyrus Boreas Boreas ◽

Anaxyrus Boreas

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Inhibitory bacteria reduce fungi on early life stages of endangered Colorado boreal toads (Anaxyrus boreas)

The ISME Journal ◽

10.1038/ismej.2015.168 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 934-944 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Jordan G Kueneman ◽

Douglas C Woodhams ◽

Will Van Treuren ◽

Holly M Archer ◽

Rob Knight ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Life ◽

Life Stages ◽

Early Life Stages ◽

Boreal Toads ◽

Anaxyrus Boreas ◽

Inhibitory Bacteria

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Portrait of a Small Population of Boreal Toads (Anaxyrus boreas)

Herpetologica ◽

10.1655/herpetologica-d-11-00016.1 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 67 (4) ◽

pp. 369-377 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Erin Muths ◽

Rick D. Scherer

Keyword(s):

Small Population ◽

Boreal Toads ◽

Anaxyrus Boreas

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A note on the effect of birth date on the performance of suckled red deer calves and their dams on low-ground pasture

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100018729 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 330-332 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Clare L. Adam ◽

Carol E. Moir

Keyword(s):

Hormone Therapy ◽

Breeding Season ◽

Cervus Elaphus ◽

Red Deer ◽

Research Work ◽

Birth Date ◽

Exogenous Hormone ◽

Seasonal Breeder ◽

The Hill ◽

Wild Deer

The red deer (Cervus elaphus) is a seasonal breeder, mating mainly in October and calving in June. This timing is advantageous to wild deer on the hill in that the relatively high nutritional demands of lactation may be met from the abundance of summer vegetation. On low-ground pastures, however, there is an earlier start to the grazing season and the deer farmer may benefit from being able to advance calving dates. Recent research work has shown that exogenous hormone therapy can advance the breeding season in female red deer (Adam and Atkinson, 1984; Adam, Moir and Atkinson, 1985; Nowak, Elmhirst Webster and Barrell, conception and hence and Rodway, 1985; Webster; and Barrell, 1985) and that conception and hence calving dates can indeed also be advanced (Adam, 1985; Adam, Moir and Atkinson, 1986). This paper reports the effects of birth date on the performance of suckled calves and their dams under farm conditions.

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Unpalatable, yet unprotected: trout reduce survival and development rate of rare toad tadpoles despite chemical defense

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/cjfas-2016-0231 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 74 (4) ◽

pp. 494-502 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wendy E. Lanier ◽

Kevin R. Bestgen ◽

W. Chris Funk ◽

Larissa L. Bailey

Keyword(s):

Captive Breeding ◽

Cutthroat Trout ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Oncorhynchus Clarkii ◽

Predator Prey ◽

Survival And Development ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Oncorhynchus Clarkii Stomias ◽

Anaxyrus Boreas Boreas ◽

Anaxyrus Boreas

Unpalatable prey species often have toxins that protect from direct consumption. However, negative effects of prey manipulation by predators are rarely considered and may understate impacts to unpalatable species. When both prey and predator are species of concern, stronger understanding of the predator–prey relationship is warranted. We explored direct and indirect effects of greenback cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii stomias) on boreal toad (Anaxyrus boreas boreas) tadpole survival, growth, and development, as well as postmetamorphosis survival and growth. We found exposure to O. clarkii stomias delayed metamorphosis by 1–2.5 days and reduced tadpole survival by up to 25%, even though only a single tadpole was consumed. Tadpoles from captive-bred eggs had lower survival, growth, and greater loss in body condition after metamorphosis compared with tadpoles from wild eggs. We found that O. clarkii stomias do not innately avoid A. boreas boreas but instead strike tadpoles to determine prey palatability and repeated gustation likely reduced survival. Our results shed light on unresolved issues with A. boreas boreas captive breeding and demonstrate the nonconsumptive negative impacts of predators.

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