Roosting and thermoregulatory behaviour of male Gould's long-eared bats, Nyctophilus gouldi: energetic benefits of thermally unstable tree roosts

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Turbill
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
New South ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Thermal Biology ◽  
Late Afternoon ◽  
Tree Cavities ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Temperature Telemetry ◽  
Thermoregulatory Behaviour ◽  
Torpor Bouts

Information about the thermal biology of bats in relation to their roosting behaviour is scant. I used temperature telemetry to locate roosts and record the thermoregulatory behaviour of male long-eared bats, Nyctophilus gouldi (9 g), during late spring in the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales. Bats roosted under bark and in tree cavities, where they typically experienced wide daily fluctuations in ambient temperature (Ta). On 13 out of 16 days, bats employed two torpor bouts per day, during the early morning and late afternoon, coinciding with times of low Ta. Heating of roosts during the day resulted in up to 20°C of passive re-warming before active arousal and provided high Ta around midday when bats were normothermic. By switching between torpor and normothermic thermoregulation according to the daily Ta cycle, male N. gouldi appear to gain an energetic advantage from choosing poorly insulated and often sun-exposed roosts.

Thermal status of sheep at pasture in western New South Wales

1971 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 797 ◽  
Author(s):  
GD Brown
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
High Heat ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Temperature Telemetry ◽  
Thermal Status ◽  
Outdoor Environments

The thermal status of three unrestrained rams at pasture was studied for a period of 5 days during March in central western New South Wales. A temperature telemetry system was used to measure rectal temperatures, skin surface and subcutaneous temperatures on the mid back, and subcutaneous temperatures of the scrotum of each ram. Rectal temperatures of 40�C and above were recorded for all rams on each day, the highest recorded being 41 9 4 and 41.6�. Rectal temperatures in excess of 40� were also recorded for extended periods between 6.00 p.m. and midnight. Although respiratory frequencies increased with the increase in environmental heat load during the day, no obvious signs of extreme heat stress were noted at these elevated rectal temperatures, whereas sheep exposed to high heat loads in indoor experiments consistently exhibit heat stress at similar rectal temperatures. Rectal temperatures were generally higher and more variable than those reported by other workers for penned sheep in either indoor or outdoor environments. Subcutaneous scrota1 temperatures were usually lower than those which might be expected to induce sterility. Variations in the temperatures measured have been related to the thermal environment and patterns of behaviour of the sheep.

Generation and decay of hydrogen peroxide in estuarine waters

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Szymczak ◽  
TD Waite
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
New South ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Bottom Waters ◽  
Rate Of Decay

Apart from its central role in photosynthesis, one of the most dramatic effects of light in marine and freshwater systems is its ability to generate reactive chemical intermediates. Of these, hydrogen peroxide is one of the more stable and easily detected. Aspects of the generation and decay of hydrogen peroxide in the Port Hacking River estuary, New South Wales, have been investigated in a number of field and laboratory studies. Peroxide concentrations in surface waters in the early morning are relatively uniform over the estuary and typically less than 35 nM, whereas concentrations in mid-afternoon in excess of 100 nM have been observed. Variation of peroxide concentration with depth in the deep basins of Port Hacking is dependent on the extent of structure within the water column, with little mixing of surface- generated peroxide into poorly-illuminated bottom waters under stratified conditions. Laboratory studies confirmed that light induces the production of hydrogen peroxide, the initial rate of production increasing with increasing molar absorptivity of the filtered water sample. Filtration of samples had little effect on the generation of hydrogen peroxide but dramatically reduced the rate of decay of photogenerated hydrogen peroxide.

A Comparison of Bats and Birds as Pollinators of Banksia integrifolia in Northern New South Wales, Australia.

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
D.P. Woodside ◽  
G.H. Pyke
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Melaleuca Quinquenervia ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Common Item ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Daily Patterns

We captured Queensland Blossom Bats (Syconycteris australis) feeding at the flowers of Banksia integrifolia during the night and several honeyeater species feeding at the same flowers during the day. Nearby were flowering Melaleuca quinquenervia and various forested areas including littoral rainforest. Honeyeaters appear to be more frequent visitors to the Banksia flowers than Blossom Bats but less effective at transporting pollen. When they are feeding at Banksia flowers both birds and bats carry pollen on the parts of their bodies that contact successive inflorescences. Hence, both honeyeaters and bats are likely to be pollinators of B. integrifolia in our study area. However, the flowers produce nectar and dehisce pollen primarily at night, suggesting that Blossom Bats are more important than honeyeaters as pollinators of this plant. Banksia pollen was the most common item in the diet of the Blossom Bats during our study and the bats were able to digest the contents of this pollen. Interestingly, the diet of these animals also included relatively small amounts of Melaleuca pollen, fruit and arthropods. The spatial and temporal patterns of capture of the Blossom Bats suggested that Blossom Bats prefer to forage at Banksia flowers that are near to the forested areas and that adult bats may influence where and when younger bats feed. Banksia integrifolia appears to produce nectar mostly during the night and/or early morning in two different locations, one coastal and one on the tablelands, but shows different daily patterns of pollen anthesis in these locations.

Group SIze in the Eastern Grey Kangaroo, Macropus giganteus, and the Wallaroo, Macropus robustus

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Grey Kangaroo ◽  
North Eastern

Data were collected on the occurrence of eastern grey kangaroos and wallaroos in groups on two properties (Lana and Newholme) in north-eastern New South Wales. The density of both species was higher on Lana than on Newholme. The frequency of occurrence of groups of different size was significantly different from that expected if the occurrence was random for both species. For the grey kangaroo on Lana, mean group size was smaller during early morning than during the rest of the day. Mean group size was significantly greater on Lana than on Newholme for both species, and smaller for wallaroos than for grey kangaroos on both properties. For both species, mean group size was significantly correlated with the density of kangaroos in each habitat.

scholarly journals Liggaamsoriëntasie van blesbokke in ’n skadulose omgewing

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
C. H. J. Van Aswegen
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Orientation ◽  
Free State ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Late Afternoon ◽  
Incoming Radiation

The body orientation of blesbok Damaliscus dorcas phillipsi in relation to sun angle and wind direction was investigated in a shadeless environment in the central Orange Free State. During early morning and late afternoon, when the sun’s altitude and ambient temperature are relatively low, the antelope evidently orientate laterally towards the sun. As the temperature increases during midday, the antelope show a tendency to orientate in line with the incoming radiation but laterally in rela­tion to wind direction.

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