Cortical route for facelike pattern processing in human newborns

Humans are endowed with an exceptional ability for detecting faces, a competence that, in adults, is supported by a set of face-specific cortical patches. Human newborns, already shortly after birth, preferentially orient to faces, even when they are presented in the form of highly schematic geometrical patterns vs. perceptually equivalent nonfacelike stimuli. The neural substrates underlying this early preference are still largely unexplored. Is the adult face-specific cortical circuit already active at birth, or does its specialization develop slowly as a function of experience and/or maturation? We measured EEG responses in 1- to 4-day-old awake, attentive human newborns to schematic facelike patterns and nonfacelike control stimuli, visually presented with slow oscillatory “peekaboo” dynamics (0.8 Hz) in a frequency-tagging design. Despite the limited duration of newborns’ attention, reliable frequency-tagged responses could be estimated for each stimulus from the peak of the EEG power spectrum at the stimulation frequency. Upright facelike stimuli elicited a significantly stronger frequency-tagged response than inverted facelike controls in a large set of electrodes. Source reconstruction of the underlying cortical activity revealed the recruitment of a partially right-lateralized network comprising lateral occipitotemporal and medial parietal areas overlapping with the adult face-processing circuit. This result suggests that the cortical route specialized in face processing is already functional at birth.

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A cortical route for face-like pattern processing in human newborns

10.1101/414284 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Marco Buiatti ◽

Elisa Di Giorgio ◽

Manuela Piazza ◽

Carlo Polloni ◽

Giuseppe Menna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Face Processing ◽

Visual Stimulation ◽

Neural Substrates ◽

Large Set ◽

Source Reconstruction ◽

Pattern Processing ◽

Cortical Circuit ◽

Processing Circuit ◽

Limited Duration ◽

Inverted Face

AbstractHumans are endowed with an exceptional ability for detecting faces, a competence that in adults is supported by a set of face-specific cortical patches. Human newborns already shortly after birth preferentially orient to faces even when they are presented in the form of highly schematic geometrical patterns, over perceptually equivalent non-face-like stimuli. The neural substrates underlying this early preference are still largely unexplored. Is the adult face-specific cortical circuit already active at birth, or does its specialization develop slowly as a function of experience and/or maturation? We measured EEG responses in 1-4 days old awake, attentive human newborns to schematic face-like patterns and non-face-like control stimuli, visually presented with a slow oscillatory “peekaboo” dynamics (0.8 Hz) in a frequency-tagging design. Despite the limited duration of newborns’ attention, reliable frequency-tagged responses could be estimated for each stimulus from the peak of the EEG power spectrum at the stimulation frequency. Upright face-like stimuli elicited a significantly stronger frequency-tagged response than inverted face-like controls in a large set of electrodes. Source reconstruction of the underlying cortical activity revealed the recruitment of a partially right-lateralized network comprising lateral occipito-temporal and medial parietal areas largely overlapping with the adult face-processing circuit. This result suggests that the cortical route specialized in face processing is already functional at birth.Significance statementNewborns show a remarkable ability to detect faces even minutes after birth, an ecologically fundamental skill that is instrumental for interacting with their conspecifics. What are the neural bases of this expertise? Using EEG and a slow oscillatory visual stimulation, we identified a reliable response specific to face-like patterns in newborns, which underlying cortical sources largely overlap with the adult face-specific cortical circuit. This suggests that the development of face perception in infants might rely on an early cortical route specialized in face processing already shortly after birth.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Impact of Fibromyalgia on Alpha-2 EEG Power Spectrum in the Resting Condition: A Descriptive Correlational Study.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.735703205.793569881 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yuguang Huang ◽

Xiaohan Xu

Keyword(s):

Power Spectrum ◽

Correlational Study ◽

Eeg Power Spectrum ◽

Eeg Power

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EEG Power Spectrum Changes due to Listening to Pleasant Musics and Their Relation to Relaxation Effects.

Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi (Japanese Journal of Hygiene) ◽

10.1265/jjh.48.807 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 807-818 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Michinori KABUTO ◽

Takayuki KAGEYAMA ◽

Hiroshi NITTA

Keyword(s):

Power Spectrum ◽

Eeg Power Spectrum ◽

Relaxation Effects ◽

Eeg Power

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EEG power spectrum typical of vascular dementia in a subgroup of Alzheimer patients

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics ◽

10.1016/0167-4943(96)00714-5 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 139-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Mario Signorino ◽

Eugenio Pucci ◽

Enrico Brizioli ◽

Gabriella Cacchio ◽

Giuseppe Nolfe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Power Spectrum ◽

Vascular Dementia ◽

Eeg Power Spectrum ◽

Eeg Power

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Analysis of the EEG bispectrum, auditory evoked potentials and the EEG power spectrum during repeated transitions from consciousness to unconsciousness

British Journal of Anaesthesia ◽

10.1093/bja/80.1.46 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

pp. 46-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 117

Author(s):

R J Gajraj ◽

M Doi ◽

H Mantzaridis ◽

G N Kenny

Keyword(s):

Power Spectrum ◽

Evoked Potentials ◽

Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽

Eeg Power Spectrum ◽

Eeg Power

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Efficient inverse graphics in biological face processing

Science Advances ◽

10.1126/sciadv.aax5979 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (10) ◽

pp. eaax5979 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ilker Yildirim ◽

Mario Belledonne ◽

Winrich Freiwald ◽

Josh Tenenbaum

Keyword(s):

Face Processing ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Generative Models ◽

Neural Data ◽

Primate Brain ◽

Scene Structure ◽

Analysis By Synthesis ◽

The Brain ◽

Processing Circuit ◽

Better Than

Vision not only detects and recognizes objects, but performs rich inferences about the underlying scene structure that causes the patterns of light we see. Inverting generative models, or “analysis-by-synthesis”, presents a possible solution, but its mechanistic implementations have typically been too slow for online perception, and their mapping to neural circuits remains unclear. Here we present a neurally plausible efficient inverse graphics model and test it in the domain of face recognition. The model is based on a deep neural network that learns to invert a three-dimensional face graphics program in a single fast feedforward pass. It explains human behavior qualitatively and quantitatively, including the classic “hollow face” illusion, and it maps directly onto a specialized face-processing circuit in the primate brain. The model fits both behavioral and neural data better than state-of-the-art computer vision models, and suggests an interpretable reverse-engineering account of how the brain transforms images into percepts.

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EEG power spectrum analysis for monitoring depth of anaesthesia during experimental surgery

Laboratory Animals ◽

10.1258/la.2007.006025 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 45-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Klaus A Otto

Keyword(s):

Power Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Analysis ◽

Power Spectrum Analysis ◽

Experimental Surgery ◽

Depth Of Anaesthesia ◽

Eeg Power Spectrum ◽

Eeg Power

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Influence of Binasal and Uninasal Inhalations of Essential Oil of Abies koreana Twigs on Electroencephalographic Activity of Human

Behavioural Neurology ◽

10.1155/2016/9250935 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Min Seo ◽

Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan ◽

Songmun Kim

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Steam Distillation ◽

Bornyl Acetate ◽

Eeg Activity ◽

Eeg Power Spectrum ◽

Abies Koreana ◽

Left And Right ◽

Eeg Power ◽

The Right ◽

Electroencephalographic Activity

Objectives. The present work investigates the effect of essential oil from the twigs of Abies koreana on electroencephalographic (EEG) activity of human brain in order to understand the influence of binasal and uninasal inhalations. Methods. To accomplish this study, the essential oil from the twigs of A. koreana (AEO) was isolated by steam distillation and the EEG readings were recorded using QEEG-8 system from 8 grounding electrodes according to the International 10-20 System. Results. D-Limonene (25.29%), bornyl acetate (19.31%), camphene (12.48%), α-pinene (11.88%), β-pinene (6.45%), and eudesm-7(11)-en-ol (5.38%) were the major components in the essential oil. In the EEG study, the absolute alpha (left frontal and right parietal) and absolute fast alpha (right parietal) values significantly increased during the binasal inhalation of AEO. In the uninasal inhalation, absolute beta and theta values decreased significantly, especially in the right frontal and left and right parietal regions. The results revealed that the AEO produced different EEG power spectrum changes according to the nostril difference. Conclusion. The changes in EEG values due to the inhalation of AEO may contribute to the enhancement of relaxation (binasal inhalation) and alertness/attention (right uninasal inhalation) states of brain which could be used in aromatherapy treatments.

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EEG Theta Power Activity Reflects Workload among Army Combat Drivers: An Experimental Study

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci10040199 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 199 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Carolina Diaz-Piedra ◽

María Victoria Sebastián ◽

Leandro L. Di Stasi

Keyword(s):

Power Spectrum ◽

Mental Workload ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Subjective Data ◽

Eeg Activity ◽

The Road ◽

Task Load ◽

Eeg Power Spectrum ◽

Dynamic Simulator ◽

Eeg Power

We aimed to evaluate the effects of mental workload variations, as a function of the road environment, on the brain activity of army drivers performing combat and non-combat scenarios in a light multirole vehicle dynamic simulator. Forty-one non-commissioned officers completed three standardized driving exercises with different terrain complexities (low, medium, and high) while we recorded their electroencephalographic (EEG) activity. We focused on variations in the theta EEG power spectrum, a well-known index of mental workload. We also assessed performance and subjective ratings of task load. The theta EEG power spectrum in the frontal, temporal, and occipital areas were higher during the most complex scenarios. Performance (number of engine stops) and subjective data supported these findings. Our findings strengthen previous results found in civilians on the relationship between driver mental workload and the theta EEG power spectrum. This suggests that EEG activity can give relevant insight into mental workload variations in an objective, unbiased fashion, even during real training and/or operations. The continuous monitoring of the warfighter not only allows instantaneous detection of over/underload but also might provide online feedback to the system (either automated equipment or the crew) to take countermeasures and prevent fatal errors.

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