Substrate influence in Northern Quechua languages

2021 ◽  
pp. 133-160
Author(s):  
Pieter Muysken
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Influence

Substrate Influence in YBaCuO Melt-Texturing Growth

1992 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Pellerin ◽  
M. Gervais ◽  
P. Odier
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Activity ◽  
High Chemical ◽  
Melt Texturing ◽  
Substrate Influence ◽  
High Chemical Activity

Melt-texturing of YBaCuO is generally processed on substrates. Due to its high chemical activity, the non-stoichiometric liquid, mainly due to the barium element, generally reacts with the substrate which is therefore subjected to play a role in the crystallization of YBaCuO and in the development of the texture. The particular case of Y2O3, which is a reacting but non-polluting substrate, is treated in details. The comparison of textured YBaCuO in similar conditions but on different substrates: Al2O3, Y2O3 and MgO gives some insight in the texturing process.

Transfer Constraints and Substrate Influence in Melanesian Pidgin

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Perceptual Salience ◽  
Central Eastern ◽  
Influence Of Substrate ◽  
Substrate Influence

This study examines research on transfer in second language acquisition (SLA) in order to identify situational and linguistic factors which may constrain the influence of substrate languages on the developing grammar of a pidgin or creole. A distinction is made between the earlier transfer of L1 features by individuals attempting to use the superstrate language as an L2 for wider communication, and the later retention of a subset of these features by the community during a process of leveling which occurs during stabilization. The study outlines various transfer constraints and reinforcement principles proposed in both the second language acquisition and pidgin/creole studies literature. These are evaluated using Melanesian Pidgin and its Central-Eastern Oceanic (CEO) substrate languages as a test case. Of the potential constraints on transfer proposed in the SLA literature, the need for partial or specious congruence between superstrate and substrate structures appears to account best for the particular CEO features that were transferred. Perceptual salience accounts for the kinds of forms from English that were reanalyzed to fit CEO patterns. With regard to the retention of particular transferred features, the most significant reinforcement principle appears to be frequency in the contact environment.

CORROSION OF SILVER ELECTRICAL CONTACTS: THE SUBSTRATE INFLUENCE

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 267-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantine T. Dervos, ◽  
Panayota Vassiliou,
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Contacts ◽  
Substrate Influence

scholarly journals Rhotic degemination in Sanskrit and the etymology of Vedic ūrú- ‘thigh’, Hittite UZU(u)walla- ‘id.’

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Alexander Nikolaev
Keyword(s):  
Historical Phonology ◽  
Obligatory Contour Principle ◽  
High Ranking ◽  
Substrate Influence

Abstract This paper examines the absence of geminate -rr- in Sanskrit and argues that the synchronic ban on this sequence results from continued high ranking of an Obligatory Contour Principle constraint against heteromorphemic geminates (inherited from PIE) combined with the substrate influence of Dravidian languages in which the rhotics are non-geminable. New -rr- sequences that arose in Proto-Indo-Iranian and Proto-Indo-Aryan from PIE *-LL- or *-LHL- after loss of the laryngeal and merger of *l with the rhotic were repaired through degemination. This hypothesis predicts a development of PIE *(-)CL̥HLV- to Sanskrit (-)Cī/ūrV- which has not been previously recognized in the treatments of Indic historical phonology. This development is arguably found in mūrá- ‘stupid’ < *mūrra- < *mr̥hx-lo- (cf. Hitt. marlant- ‘stupid’), ūrú- ‘thigh’ < *u̯ūrru- < *(hx)u̯l̥hx-Lu- ← *(hx)u̯l̥hx-Lo- (cf. Hitt. walla- ‘thigh’), śīrá- ‘fervent’ < *śīrrá- < *k̑l̥hx-Ló- (cf. śrā́ya-ti ‘be fervent’), and perhaps in several other examples.

Substrate influence on epiphytic lichens

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce E. Sloof ◽  
Bert Th. Wolterbeek
Keyword(s):  
Epiphytic Lichens ◽  
Substrate Influence
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