An ambitious programme for Africa (from 2002).

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
Alan Fenwick ◽  
Wendie Norris ◽  
Becky McCall

Abstract This book chapter describes the most successful program of national control coincided with a change in the overall philosophy of philanthropy as well as with praziquantel relatively cheap.

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Alan Fenwick ◽  
Wendie Norris ◽  
Becky McCall

Abstract Even so, no country in sub-Saharan Africa before 2000 had national control programs for any of the seven programs, with the exception of cervical cancer. Onchocerciasis is the target of the Africa Program for Onchocerciasis Control (APOC) with the help of many NGOs organisation using the drug mectizan (ivermectin). The use of drug financing at APOC is revolutionary. They had, for the first time, established as a viable concept with leprosy control programs, and now, with APOC, demonstrated that pharmaceutical companies can and will reuse a drug and treat it as part of a humanitarian response. This book chapter focused on repurposing drugs against schistosomiasis.


2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athena Elafros
Keyword(s):  
Hip Hop ◽  

This book chapter preprint provides a brief history of hip hop in Athens, Greece.Sent from Mail for Windows 10


1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Hawkins ◽  
Alton Penz
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Zoran Oklopcic

As the final chapter of the book, Chapter 10 confronts the limits of an imagination that is constitutional and constituent, as well as (e)utopian—oriented towards concrete visions of a better life. In doing so, the chapter confronts the role of Square, Triangle, and Circle—which subtly affect the way we think about legal hierarchy, popular sovereignty, and collective self-government. Building on that discussion, the chapter confronts the relationship between circularity, transparency, and iconography of ‘paradoxical’ origins of democratic constitutions. These representations are part of a broader morphology of imaginative obstacles that stand in the way of a more expansive constituent imagination. The second part of the chapter focuses on the most important five—Anathema, Nebula, Utopia, Aporia, and Tabula—and closes with the discussion of Ernst Bloch’s ‘wishful images’ and the ways in which manifold ‘diagrams of hope and purpose’ beyond the people may help make them attractive again.


Author(s):  
Stephen Conway

In the concluding chapter, the argument of the book is summarized and some reflections are offered on what might have distinguished British imperial experience from that of the other European imperial powers. The study has shown that despite fierce competition with other Europeans for the spoils of the wider world, this competition existed alongside their involvement in Britain’s empire and that life in the British Empire changed those Europeans who entered it more than they changed the British Empire. Perhaps the book’s most important contribution is to show that, in the British case at least, transnational means could be used for imperial purposes without compromising national control.


1962 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. McKersie ◽  
William W. Shropshire, Jr.
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Sheehy ◽  
Heather Lawson ◽  
Emmanuel H. Andriamasy ◽  
Hannah J. Russell ◽  
Alice Reid ◽  
...  

AbstractSchool-aged children (SAC) have a considerable burden of intestinal schistosomiasis in Madagascar yet its burden in pre-school aged children (PSAC) is currently overlooked. To assess the at-risk status of PSAC, we undertook a pilot epidemiological survey in June 2019 examining children (n = 89), aged 2–4-years of balanced gender, in six remote villages in Marolambo District, Madagascar. Diagnosis included use of urine-circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) dipsticks and coproscopy of stool with duplicate Kato-Katz (K-K) thick smears. Prevalence of intestinal schistosomiasis by urine-CCA was 67.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 56.5–77.2%) and 35.0% (95% CI: 24.7–46.5%) by K-K. The relationship between faecal eggs per gram (epg) and urine-CCA G-scores (G1 to G10) was assessed by linear regression modelling, finding for every increment in G-score, epg increased by 20.4 (6.50–34.4, P = 0.006). Observed proportions of faecal epg intensities were light (78.6%), moderate (17.9%) and heavy (3.6%). Soil-transmitted helminthiasis was noted, prevalence of ascariasis was 18.8% and trichuriasis was 33.8% (hookworm was not reported). Co-infection of intestinal schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis occurred in 36.3% of PSAC. These results provide solid evidence highlighting the overlooked burden of intestinal schistosomiasis in PSAC, and they also offer technical  guidance for better surveillance data for the Madagascan national control programme.


1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S-105-S-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cary S. Keller ◽  
Frank R. Noyes ◽  
C. Ralph Buncher

In this article, the six major studies of soccer injury epidemiology are reviewed. Strengths and weaknesses of each epidemiologic design are critiqued and the crucial importance of the definition of injury is emphasized. The effect of age, sex, and intensity of play on injury rates is discussed. Our present knowledge of injury rate by anatomical site, player position, and the type of playing surface are reviewed. We examined the importance of player factors such as flexibility, joint laxity, weakness, and incomplete rehabilitation from other injuries. In addition, we reviewed the role played by inadequate equipment, field conditions, and rule violations. A successful program for soccer injury prevention is described, and guidelines for future soccer injury epidemiology research are proposed.


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