Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

Author(s):  
C. Booth

Abstract A description is provided for Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Gossypium spp., and species of Cajanus, Coffea, Hevea, Hibiscus, Medicago, Ricinus, Solanum and Vigna. DISEASE: Vascular wilt or Fusariosis of cotton is a disease affecting its host at all stages of its growth. Early symptoms on seedlings consist of vein clearing of the leaves followed by necrosis of the interveinal tissue and death of the leaves. On older plants leaves become chlorotic and the vascular tissues show a brown discolouration. Growth is retarded and the plant eventually wilts. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Congo, Central African Republic, Egypt, Ethiopia, Madagascar, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan, South Africa, Tanganyika, Uganda; Asia: Burma, China, Formosa, India, Indo-China, Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, U.S.S.R. ; Europe: France, Greece, Italy, Romania, Yugoslavia; North America, Mexico, U.S.A. (cotton belt); Central America & West Indies: Guatemala, Nevis, Nicaragua, Puerto Rico, Salvador, St. Vincent; South America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela. (C.M.I. Map 362). TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne, but may also be transmitted by water and seed. The pathogen has been recovered from delineated seed obtained from infected cotton plants in the Central African Republic, Congo, Tanganyika and Brazil (32: 186; 33: 143; 40: 754; 41: 389). The percentage infection ranged from 0.2 to 5.0.

Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (Atk.) Sny. & Hans. Hosts: Cotton (Gossypium). Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Angola, Central African Republic, Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire, Zimbabwe, ASIA, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Burma, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, USSR, Vietnam, Yemen, EUROPE, France, Greece, Italy, Romania, Yugoslavia, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, Fiji, NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, USA, CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, Cuba, Guatemala, Nevis, Nicaragua, Puerto Rico, Salvador, St. Vincent, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela.


Author(s):  
D. Brayford

Abstract A description is provided for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Cotton (Gossipium spp., including G. hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. arboreum, G. herbaceum), Chinese lantern (Physalis alkekengi), lucerne (alfalfa) (Medicago sativa), lupin (Lupinus luteus), okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), soyabean (Glycine max), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). A wide range of other plants may also be infected without external symptoms (51, 2512). DISEASE: Vascular wilt. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread (IMI map 362). Africa: Central African Republic, Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Israel, Madagascar, Republic of South Africa, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Salvador, St. Kitts-Nevis, St. Vincent, USA (south eastern states), Venezuela. Asia: Burma, China, India, Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, Taiwan, USSR. Europe: France, Greece, Italy, Romania, Yugoslavia. TRANSMISSION: The fungus is soil borne and may be transmitted by seed (11, 713; 32, 186) and in irrigation water (62, 4911).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f. sp. conglutinans (Wollenw.) Snyder & Hansen. Hosts: cabbage, broccoli, cauliflover etc. (Brassica oleracera vars.). Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Cameroon, Morocco, South Africa, Zaire, Zimbabwe, ASIA, China (Canton), India (West Bengal), (Assam), Iraq, Japan, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, Australia (Queensland), (NT), New Caledonia, New Zealand, Samoa (Am.), EUROPE, France, Hungary, Italy (Sardinia), Netherlands, USSR (Lithuania), (Ukraine), NORTH AMERICA, Canada (Quebec), (Manitoba, Ontario), USA, CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, Costa Rica, Cuba, Panama, Puerto Rico, Salvador, Trinidad, SOUTH AMERICA, Brazil (Sao Paulo).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phaeoisariopsis bataticola (Cif. & Bruner) M.B. Ellis. Host: sweet potato (Ipomoea spp.). Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, USA, Florida, CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, SOUTH AMERICA, Venezuela.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Physopella zeae (Mains) Cummins & Ramachar. Hosts: Maize (Zea mays). Information is given on the geographical distribution in CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, Central America (general), Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Salvador, St. Vincent, Trinidad, SOUTH AMERICA, Colombia,? Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Nematospora coryli Peglion. Hosts: Cotton (Gossypium), Coffee (Coffea), Citrus, etc. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Central African Republic, Gambia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, ASIA, Burma, China, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, EUROPE, Italy, NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, USA (California, Florida N. and South Carolina, Oklahoma, Va), CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, Cuba, Jamaica, Lesser, Antilles, Puerto Rico, SOUTH AMERICA, Brazil (Sao Paulo).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Cladosporium colocasiae Sawada. Hosts: Colocasia esculenta, C. antiquorum and other Colocasia spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Mauritius, Nigeria, ASIA, Brunei, China ,: Sichuan, Hong Kong, India, Madhya Pradesh, Kerala, Indonesia, West Irian, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Nepal, Pakistan, Taiwan, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, Fiji, Hawaii, New, Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tahiti, Vanuatu, EUROPE, Azores, CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, Barbados, Puerto Rico.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Mycosphaerella aleuritidis Ou. Hosts: Tung (Aleurites spp.). Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Central African Republic (probably also Cameroon, Congo, Gabon), Malagasy Republic, Malawi, ASIA, China (Hunan, Szechwan), Hong Kong, Japan, Korea (S.), Peninsular Malaysia, NORTH AMERICA, USA (Florida, Louisiana, Miss), CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, Trinidad, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina (Misiones), Brazil, (Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Sphacelotheca cruenta (Kuhn) Potter. Hosts: Sorghum. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Rodriguez Island, Rwanda, Senegal, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Asia, Afghanistan, Burma, China, Henan, Manchuria, Nanking, Yunnan, Jiangsu, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Korea Republic, Lebanon, Pakistan, Taiwan, Turkey, USSR, Central Asia, Yemen Arab Republic, Yemen Democratic Republic, Europe, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Poland, USSR, Yugoslavia, North America, Mexico, USA, Central America & West Indies, Barbados, Cuba, Haiti, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Puerto Rico, Salvador, South America, Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela.


Author(s):  
E. Punithalingam

Abstract A description is provided for Phakopsora gossypii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Gossypium acuminatum, G. arboreum, G. aridium, G. barbadense, G. brasiliense, G. herbaceum, G. mexicanum, G. microcarpum, Gossypium sp. (cult.), Azanza garckeana and Thespesia populnea. DISEASE: Cotton rust. Confined to the growing tissues, chiefly the leaves and spreading from the older parts to the new leaves as rapidly as they are formed causing premature defoliation. The attack is severe on weak plants. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Agalega Is. (near Mauritius), Congo, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Mauritius, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda); Asia (Burma, Cambodia, Ceylon, China, Fiji, Formosa, India, Java, New Guinea, New Caledonia, Philippines, Thailand); North America (Bermuda, U.S.A.); Central America and West Indies (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, St. Vincent, Trinidad); South America (Brazil, British Guiana, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela). (CMI Map 258, 1952, Herb IMI and Literature) TRANSMISSION: Airborne urediospores account for the spread of the rust.


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