Leucostoma cinctum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Hayova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Republic Of Georgia ◽  
Conidial State ◽  
Fruit Orchards

Abstract A description is provided for Leucostoma cinctum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leucostoma cinctum, especially in its conidial state, is a well-known pathogen of stone-fruit trees causing necrosis of twigs, perennial Cytospora-canker. The fungus penetrates mainly through the scars, and may result in dieback of branches or even whole trees. Tree susceptibility to L. cinctum is influenced by lesions (Stanova, 1990). Comparative anatomy and host response of peach cultivars inoculated with L. cinctum was studied by Biggs (1986). Resistance of different cultivars of stone-fruit trees to L cinctum has been investigated by many authors (Cociu et al., 1991; Miles et al., 1989; Pedryc & Rozsnyai, 1991). HOSTS: On dead or dying, attached or fallen twigs of the Rosaceae, mainly Prunoideae (Amygdalus, Armeniaca, Cerasus, Persica, Prunus) and rarely other subfamilies of the Rosaceae, including genera such as Cotoneaster, Crataegus, Malus and Pyrus. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia: Armenia, Republic of Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. Australasia: Australia. Europe: Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Moldova, Rumania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, Sweden, Turkey, UK, Ukraine, former Yugoslavia. North America: Canada, USA (Idaho, Michigan, New-Jersey, Oregon). TRANSMISSION: Both conidia and ascospores are air-borne, especially under humid conditions. Orange or reddish droplets or tendrils of conidia extruded from conidiomata can be often seen after rain. It is also known that arthropods can carry propagules in stone-fruit orchards (Helton et al., 1988).

Leucostoma persoonii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Hayova
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Canker Disease ◽  
Virus Like Particle ◽  
Summer Maximum ◽  
Cultivar Variation ◽  
Fruit Orchards ◽  
Insect Attack

Abstract A description is provided for Leucostoma persoonii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leucostoma persoonii is a widespread wound pathogen of fruit trees, especially of stone-fruit trees, being encountered mainly as the anamorph. It is a causal agent of mass wilting of branches and of dieback of young trees, commonly called 'Cytospora canker disease'. Infection sites may be in decaying fruit racemes and bark fissures due to excessive gum production following wounding or insect attack. The effect of fungicides on incidence of Leucostoma canker in stone-fruit trees was studied by Northover (1992). Biggs & Peterson (1990) investigated the effect of chemical applications to bark wounds on accumulation of lignin and suberin, and susceptibility of trees to Leucostoma persoonii. A virus-like particle of L. persoonii was isolated in pure culture and its characteristics were described (Jensen et al., 1995). Comparative anatomy and host response of peach cultivars inoculated with L. persoonii was studied by Biggs (1986). An association between cultivar variation and temporal changes in the infection court after wounding of peach bark was demonstrated when twigs were infected by the fungus (Biggs, 1989). HOSTS: On dead or dying, attached or fallen twigs mainly of members of the Rosaceae (Amelanchier, Armeniaca, Cerasus, Cotoneaster, Crataegus, Malus, Padus, Persica, Prunus, Pyrus, Rosa, Sorbus), but also on Alnus. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa. Asia: Armenia, Cyprus, Republic of Georgia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kirgizia, Russia, Turkmenia. Europe: Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Poland, Rumania, Russia, Slovakia, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, Ukraine. North America: Canada (Alberta, Ontario), Mexico, USA (California, Colorado, Florida, Maryland, Michigan, New Jersey, West Virginia). South America: Brazil. TRANSMISSION: Both conidia and ascospores are air-borne, especially under humid conditions. In this case red or dark red droplets or tendrils of conidia are often exuded from the conidiomata. Viable spores are available throughout the year, with a summer maximum, and are affected by temperature and moisture. It is also known that arthropods can carry propagules in stone-fruit orchards (Helton et al., 1988).

Valsa malicola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Hayova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Republic Of Georgia

Abstract A description is provided for Valsa malicola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Valsa malicola is associated with dieback of Malus twigs, especially weakened by other factors, for example when frozen, burnt, wounded, injured by insects or attacked by other pathogens. HOSTS: On dead or dying twigs of Malus species, and other Maloideae (Cotoneaster, Crataegus, Cydonia, Pyracantha, Pyrus, Rosa). The fungus can also be found on other members of the Rosaceae (e.g. Prunus), but only infrequently, and mainly as the anamorph. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia: Armenia, Azerbaijan, China, Republic of Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia. Europe: Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Portugal, Rumania, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, Ukraine. North America. TRANSMISSION: Both conidia and ascospores are air-borne, especially under humid conditions. Brightly coloured droplets or tendrils of conidia are often exuded from conidiomata after rain.

Anarsia lineatella. [Distribution map].

1959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Anarsia Lineatella ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Anarsia lineatella Zell. (Lep., Tineidae) (Peach Twig Borer) Hosts: Stone-fruit trees, notably peach. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE (excl. USSR), Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Crete, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Malta, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Yugoslavia, ASIA (excl. USSR), China, Cyprus, Iraq, Israel, Kashmir, Lebanon, Pakistan, Persia, Syria, Turkey, USSR, AFRICA, Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, U.S.A.

Valsa sordida. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Hayova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Republic Of Georgia ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Poplar Trees

Abstract A description is provided for Valsa sordida. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Valsa sordida is usually associated with Valsa canker of poplar twigs. Wounded trees, and trees injured by insects or attacked by other pathogens are more susceptible to infection. Development of Valsa canker is affected by environmental stress (Guyon, 1996; Tao et al., 1984). Poplar canker caused by V. sordida has been studied in different countries (CMI Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, 1977; Worrall, 1983; Wang et al., 1981) The fungus can be often found in declining poplar stands together with another pathogen of poplar trees, Leucostoma niveum. Valsa sordida may also cause necrosis of willow twigs. HOSTS: Populus spp., Salix spp. and, more rarely, other woody angiosperms. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Morocco. Asia: Armenia, Azerbaijan, China, Republic of Georgia, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan. Kazakhstan, Korea, Russia (Tatarstan), Turkey, Turkmenia, Uzbekistan. Australasia: Australia (Victoria), New Zealand. Europe: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Rumania, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, Ukraine, former Yugoslavia. North America: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan). USA (California, Colorado, Michigan, Minnesota). South America: Chile. TRANSMISSION: Both conidia and ascospores are air-borne, especially under humid conditions. Yellow or orange exudation of conidia from conidiomata can be often seen after rain.

Septoria chelidonii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Andrianova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Republic Of Georgia ◽  
Chelidonium Majus ◽  
Type Host

Abstract A description is provided for Septoria chelidonii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spot, leaf mortality, leaf drying. HOSTS: Chelidonium majus, C. majus var. asiaticum (Papaveraceae). [Type host- Chelidonium majus.] GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Republic of Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kirghizistan, Korea, Russia (Siberia), Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. Europe: Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, UK, Ukraine. North America: Canada, USA (Texas). TRANSMISSION: Not reported, but almost certainly by air-borne or splash dispersed conidia.

Septoria cirsii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Andrianova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Far East ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Republic Of Georgia ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Serratula Coronata ◽  
Leaf Tissues

Abstract A description is provided for Septoria cirsii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spot, leaf blight (VURRO et al., 1993), drying of leaves, perforation of leaf tissues, sometimes causing defoliation. HOSTS: Cirsium altissimum, C. appendiculatum, C. arvense, C. discolor, C. erisithales, C. heterophyllum, C. hillii, C. incanum, C. iowense, C. lanceolatum, C. laniflorum, C. leo, C. oleraceum, C. rivulare, C. segetum, C. setosum, C. vulgare, Saussurea sp., Serratula coronata, S. quinquefolia, S. radiata (Asteraceae). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA. ASIA: Armenia, Azerbaijan, China, Republic of Georgia [www.cybertruffle.org.uk/gruzmaps/index.htm], Iran, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Russia (West Siberia, Far East), Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. EUROPE: Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Ukraine [www. cybertruffle. org. uk/ukramaps/index. htm]. TRANSMISSION: By airborne or splash-dispersed conidia from infected plant debris. Spores in droplets in suspension have been used in inoculation experiments.

Leucostoma niveum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Hayova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Republic Of Georgia ◽  
Common Pathogen

Abstract A description is provided for Leucostoma niveum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leucostoma niveum, especially its anamorph, is a quite common pathogen of Populus, colonizing bark of trees weakened by other factors and causing necrosis (poplar canker) of twigs and branches. Another pathogen, Valsa sordida, can be also found in the same tree. Both species may be involved in pathogenesis (Wang, 1988). HOSTS: On dead or dying, attached or fallen twigs of Populus, also on similar substrata of Alnus, Betula, Carpinus, Salix and Sorbus. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia: Armenia, China, Republic of Georgia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Russia. Europe: Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Norway, Rumania, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, Ukraine, former Yugoslavia. North America: USA. TRANSMISSION: Both conidia and ascospores are air-borne, especially in humid conditions.

Thecaphora seminis-convolvuli. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Republic Of Georgia ◽  
Calystegia Sepium

Abstract A description is provided for Thecaphora seminis-convolvuli, found from infected flowers of Calystegia sepium. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, economic impacts, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America, USA (California, Oregon, Washington), Asia (China, Republic of Georgia, Japan), Australasia (Australia (Tasmania), New Zealand), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania, Russia (Tula), Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK)).

Cladosporium chlorocephalum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. David
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
West Virginia ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Republic Of Georgia ◽  
Airborne Conidia

Abstract A description is provided for Cladosporium chlorocephalum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Red spot of peony, occurring on leaves, petioles and stems of host. HOSTS: Paeonia arborea, P. officinalis, P. suffruticosa (Paeoniaceae). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: NORTH AMERICA: Canada (Quebec, 3: 138), USA (Alaska, Alabama, Connecticut, District of Colombia, Delaware, Illinois (8: 293), Iowa, Kansas, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, West Virginia). SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina (18: 478). ASIA: Armenia, China, Republic of Georgia, Kazakhstan. AUSTRALASIA: New Zealand. EUROPE: Bulgaria (38: 147), Czech Republic, Denmark, France (28: 510), Italy, Germany, Latvia, Moldavia, Poland, Romania (16: 20), Russia, Switzerland, UK, Ukraine. TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of airborne conidia and on dead remains of old plants.

Septoria cornicola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Andrianova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Far East ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Republic Of Georgia ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Cornus Alba

Abstract A description is provided for Septoria cornicola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spot. Development of the disease leads to severe blight with infected leaves drying. Causing defoliation of some dogwoods (NEELY & NOLTE, 1989). HOSTS: Cornus alba, C. alba var. siberica, C. alternifolia, C. amomum, C. asperifolia, C. baileyi, C. californica, C. canadensis, C. candidissima, C. florida, C. mas, C. nuttallii, C. occidentalis, C. paniculata, C. pubescens, C. racemosa, C. (Thelycrania) sanguinea, C. sericea, C. sibirica, C. stolonifera, C. stolonifera var. aurea, C. stolonifera var. flaviramea, C. stolonifera var. lutea, Swida australis (C. sanguinea subsp. australis) (Cornaceae). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA. ASIA: Armenia, China, Republic of Georgia [www.cybertruffle.org.uk/gruzmaps/index.htm], Iran, Russia (West Siberia, Far East), Turkey. EUROPE: Albania, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine [www.cybertruffle.org.uk/ukramaps/index.htm], former Yugoslavia. TRANSMISSION: By airborne or splash-dispersed conidia from infected plant debris. For infection, leaves must be wet, but moisture is required for a few hours only (NEELY & NOLTE, 1989).

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